HAZARD COMMUNICATIONBY HARRY H. HOLDORF
HAZARD COMMUNICATION IS NOW GHS HAZARD COMMUNICATION
GLOBALLY HARMONIZED HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD CFR 1910.1200 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
This program was established so that employee’s will be informed of the contents of the Hazard Communication Standard, the hazardous properties of the chemicals with which they work, safe handling procedures and the measure to take to protect themselves from hazardous chemicals.
This standard was revised. The changes have been made to labeling requirements, MSDSs are now referred to as SDSs with added sections, and training requirements have been revised to align with the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals.
EFFECTIVE COMPLETION DATE FOR LABELING AND SDS REQUIREMENTS
Use the following checklist to help you comply with OSHA HCS 2012:• Audit your chemicals: conduct a
physical audit of all chemicals in the workplace
• Confirm the use of workplace labels: as you conduct your inventory, ensure all containers are properly labeled
• Obtain updated supplier SDSs: contact the manufacturer for a current SDS for each chemical in the workplace
• Distribute your supplier SDSs: ensure your chemical users have FREE, unlimited access to the updated SDSs
• Train your employees: update your existing hazardous chemical training program to include the GHS data elements and format of the SDS
AUDIT LIST FOR COMPLIANCE
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS INVENTORY LIST (HCI)A representative from each clinic/lab will maintain up a list of all products that contain hazardous chemicals used in their clinic or laboratory
This will be referred to as the hazardous chemicals inventory list (HCI)
This list will be kept in front of the SDS book for reference
This list will be updated as new chemicals are introduced into or removed from the clinic
SAFETY DATA SHEETS(SDS) SDSs are detailed information bulletins prepared
by the manufacturer or supplier of any product that contains a chemical deemed to be hazardous
The SDS has 16 sections:Identification, Hazard(s) Identification,
Composition/Information on Ingredients, First-Aid Measures, Fire-fighting Measures, Accidental Release Measures, Handling and Storage, Exposure Controls/PPE, Physical and Chemical Properties, Stability and Reactivity, Toxicological Info, Ecological Info, Disposal Considerations, Transport Information, Regulatory Information, and Other Information
SAMPLE SDS
SDS
If an SDS is not available refer to the online SDS Public Service Library at http://www.chemquik.com/scripts/main.asap
LABELS• Labels will list the chemical identity of the material, appropriate hazard warnings and the name of the manufacturer
• The manufacturer is responsible for labeling the original container, however, it is the ultimate responsibility of the PM or lab supervisor
• Professional products that are regulated by the FDA are exempt from labeling except when transferred to a secondary label
LABELS FOR HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS Labels for hazardous chemical must contain:
Name, address, and telephone number
Product identifier
Signal word
Hazard statement(s)
Precautionary statement(s)
Pictogram(s)
OSHA HCS 2012 LabelsUnder OSHA HCS 2012, chemical manufacturers and importers must label their chemical containers with the applicable GHS elements. In turn, employers must convey these GHS elements on the workplace label for each hazardous chemical. These GHS elements include:• Signal Word: “Danger” or “Warning”
indicates the severity of the hazard.• GHS Pictograms: convey the health,
physical and environmental hazard information assigned to a specified GHS hazard class and category.
• Health and Physical Hazard Statements: describe the nature and degree of the stated hazard.
• Precautionary Statements: describe measures to minimize or prevent effects from exposure or improper storage of the hazardous chemical.
GHS LABELS & PICTOGRAMS
GHS LABELING REQUIREMENTS VIDEOCLICK ON THE HYPERLINK BELOW
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RvQNf1Y7E84&noredirect=1
SAMPLE GHS LABEL
SAMPLE LABEL
SAMPLE BLANK LABEL SUPPLIES
SECONDARY LABELSChemicals transferred to a secondary container need to be labeled
Examples of secondary containers include: alcohol, bleach, disinfectant, radiographic chemicals
Every container that you place a chemical in needs to be labeled…including, ultrasonic cleaners and radiographic processors
UPDATED TRAINING
Hazard Communication training must be updated to include the new label and SDS formats and how to implement these changes
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
STORAGE CONTAINERS
Hazardous waste storage containers must be in good condition, free of leaks and compatible with the material stored in them
The container should remain capped when not in use
If the container should begin to leak, place in a larger non-leaking container, transfer to another container and call the safety office at 433-7556 is needed
All containers must be marked with the words “waste” or “spent”
Kept near the site of generation and under control of the generator
Compatible with contents (no acids in metal cans)
STORAGE CONTAINERS
Kept closed at all times except when in use
Properly identified with waste tags before pickup
Transported with a non-leaking screw on cap
Filled to a safe level (not beyond the bottom of the neck of the container or a 2 inch head space for 55 gallon drums)
Do NOT use red bags or sharps containers for storage
ACCUMULATION OF CHEMICAL WASTE A generator of potentially hazardous waste may
accumulate up to a total of 55 gallons of waste which may be determined to be hazardous or one quart of acutely hazardous waste
In the event more than this volume will be generated, contact Safety for a special pick-up
Hazardous waste in excess pf 55 gallons may not be stored at your site for more than 3 days
Refer to the Department of Safety Procedures for Disposal of Hazardous Waste Manual for details on which chemicals are compatible and incompatible
LABELING FOR PICKUP
Prior to pick-up a waste tag is required (refer to the Laboratory Safety Manual for details)
This should be filled out by the waste generator and attached to each container
When ready for disposal contact the Safety department.
A hazardous waste disposal request form will need to be filled out (refer to the Laboratory Safety manual)
An SDS should accompany the container
INSPECTIONS
The Safety department conducts regular safety inspections of all labs
Failure to comply may result in disciplinary action
NO CHEMICALS DISPOSED OF DOWN THE DRAIN At no time will any chemical be disposed of by pouring it
down the drain regardless of what is recommended by the SDS or manufacturer
Dental developer and fixer chemicals shall be stored in containers provided by the chemical transporter and disposed of as hazardous chemicals
DISPOSAL OF DENTAL AMALGAM Dental amalgam is a potential source of
mercury vapor
Dental amalgam waste & teeth containing amalgam will be placed in the designated containers placed in each operatory
Each container will be labeled appropriately
A designated vendor will pick up used amalgam
Lead foils will be collected in a plastic container
The container will be labeled appropriately
The container will be picked up monthly by a designated vendor.
DISPOSAL OF UNUSED MEDICATIONS
All unused, unneeded, or expired prescription drugs must be removed from their original containers and mixed with used coffee grounds, kitty litter, or other undesirable substances.
The litter or coffee grounds must be placed in impermeable containers such as zip-loc baggies and then in the trash to prevent diversion.Disposition of medications must include the medication name, strength, prescription number (if applicable along with patient's name), quantity, date of disposition, and disposing staff or students.
DISPOSAL OF UNUSED MEDICATIONS
Medications should NOT be placed into sharps containers.
Syringes containing medications should be emptied into kitty litter which will then be enclosed in zip-lock bags, and disposed of in the trash unless on the previous list.
Syringes will then be disposed of in the correct manner.
DISPOSAL OF UNUSED MEDICATIONS
The Board of Pharmacy recommends that any expired bottles (used or unused) of injectable controlled substances be sent for reverse distribution to:
Return Logistics International Corporation, 22 Artley Road, Savannah, GA 31408.
LABORATORY PROTOCOLS AND PROCEDURES
LABORATORY PROTOCOLS
You are responsible for the safety of your clinic or lab
If you do not know the chemicals properties ask for help
Proper PPE is required to include lab coats, and safety glasses when handling chemicals, biohazards, and radioisotopes
No shorts, sandals, or open toe shoes
No children or pets
Never pipette by mouth
Be aware of dangling jewelry, hair, and loose clothing
No food in designated refrigerators
Never work alone. If not avoidable let someone know where you are
LABORATORY PROTOCOLS
Wash hands frequently and always before leaving the lab
Do not wear PPE outside of the lab
Contact lenses should not be worn in lab
Work areas should be kept clean and free of unnecessary chemicals
Clean equipment after use to avoid cross contamination
Do not block emergency exits or equipment
Do not eat, drink, apply make-up or chew gum
EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERSEmergency phone numbers should be posted near entrances to each lab, storeroom and beside every phone in the lab or clinic
Include Emergency Medical Services, The RSO, and the Office of Safety
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Fire-Pull the nearest fire alarm. If you are unable to control or extinguish a fire follow building evacuation plan
Accidents-attend to person who may have been contaminated if it is safe to reach them. Use safety showers and/or eye washes as appropriate. Flush eyes for a minimum of 15 minutes and seek medical attention immediately.
Ingestion of substance- call Poison Control Center at 1-800-POISON
Skin Contact-wash skin with water and remove clothing or jewelry. If symptoms persist seek medical attention.
Spill- notify persons in the immediate area. Evacuate all non-essential personnel
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Flammable spill- Turn off all ignition sources. Avoid breathing vapors. Be aware some chemicals have no odor or create olfactory fatigue(you stop smelling the odor quickly)
Leave on or establish all exhaust ventilation and close doors to prevent spread of the odors
Call Emergency Services1-911in case of fire, if there is immediate threat to life, or any other emergency situation
BUILDING EVACUATION
Be aware of marked exits
To activate the fire alarm, pull the handle on one of the red boxes located in the hall
In the event of a fire, call 1-911
If the fire alarm sounds, exit through the nearest exit
Proceed to designated assembly area and check in with designated personnel
Do not return to the building unless instructed by Security
Refer to the Emergency manual for detailed instructions for building evacuation and other emergencies
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS INCIDENTS
Be aware of which products contain hazardous chemicals
Know what hazards are associated with these products
Know the proper hygiene for working with dental products
Know what to do in case of a spillKnow the location of your spill kitHave the necessary supplies on hand
SPILL RESPONSE EQUIPMENT In the event of a MINOR spill utilize the spill response
equipment. Specific contents of the spill kit may be found in the Laboratory Safety Manual.
Refer to SDS to determine cleanup method
Use appropriate PPE
Cover liquid spills with absorbent material (check compatibility)
Cover powdered materials with wet paper towels
Neutralize corrosive if appropriate materials available
Clean from the outer area towards the center
Place spilled material in impervious container, seal, and contact Safety Department for disposal
Wash/mop up area
A solvent (xylene) may be necessary to clean surfaces contaminated with a non-water soluble chemical
CHEMICAL SPILL KITSThe Spill-Kit container should include: Chemical spill instructions Utility gloves and protective eyewear Kitty litter, vermiculite or a 50.50 mixture of the two
Sodium bicarbonate (Baking soda) Plastic non-sparking scoop Plastic bags Dust pan Paper towels Fresh 1:10 bleach solution
BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Respond only if you have been trained…otherwise summon assistance
Attend to anyone contaminated or injured if safe to reach them
Call Emergency Services (1-911)
If room equipped with UV lights, turn them on
Evacuate non-essential personnel. Leave the lab and close doors
Remove contaminated clothing and place in impervious container, seal and label, avoid contact with others, take a shower
Put on PPE
BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Wait 30 minutes for aerosol to settle before entering
Turn off UV lights and check for visible mists before entering
Apply appropriate disinfectant to spill with gentle flooding action to avoid secondary aerosols
Cover excess liquid with absorbent material and dry material with wet paper towels
Place spill clean-up material into a container and autoclave or call Safety Department for disposal
Wash affected surface with strong disinfectant
FUNDAMENTALS OF LABORATORY SAFETY
FUNDAMENTALS OF LABORATORY SAFETY
Procurement
Before a substance is received information on proper handling, storage and disposal must be known. Refer to SDS
All chemicals must be properly labeled
Stockrooms/Storerooms
Chemicals must be segregated and stored properly depending on their properties
Stored chemicals should be examine periodically (at least annually)for leakage and to make sure labels are secure
Distribution
When moving chemicals place in an outside secondary container
Use freight elevators whenever possible when transporting chemicals
FUNDAMENTALS OF LABORATORY SAFETY Laboratory Chemical Storage
Read labels carefully before storing
Store according to the Chemical Storage Segregation Scheme in the Laboratory Safety Manual
Store all chemicals by their hazard class not in alphabetical order
Do not store near heat sources or in direct sunlight
Date chemicals when received and first opened
Do not use lab benches as permanent storage for chemicals
Inspect chemicals routinely
FUNDAMENTALS OF LABORATORY SAFETYDo not store chemicals in glass containers on the floor
Do not use fume hoods as permanent storage areas
Contact Safety Department for disposal of old, outdated or unused chemicals
Do not store chemicals above eye level
Do not store excessive amounts of chemicals in the lab
Store in proper storage cabinets(Refer to safety manual for specific requirements for storing in these cabinets)
• Flammable storage cabinets
• Acid storage cabinets
• Compressed gas cylinder cabinets
SIGNS AND LABELS
Laboratory inventory posters including emergency contacts must be posted outside of each work area
Labels must be placed on all chemical containers
Secondary containers must be labeled
Waste disposal tags must be used to identify waste
Employee notification posters must be current and posted-The Right To Know (can be obtained from Safety Department)
Florida Hazard Communication Act rights for employees
Lab supervisor must keep this poster up to date
Safety signs for safety equipment, first aid equipment & exits
Warning signs where special or unusual hazards exist
Food and beverage consumption and storage permit signs
SAMPLE OF POSTER & SIGNS
BASIC RULES AND PROCEDURES IN THE LABORATORY
BASIC RULES AND PROCEDURES IN THE LABORATORY Follow laboratory procedures for assembly of lab apparatus
(refer to Lab Safety Manual)
Follow laboratory procedures for use of lasers(refer to Lab Safety Manual)
Follow laboratory procedures for safe use of cooling baths and cold traps(refer to Lab Safety Manual)
Follow laboratory procedures for safe use of vacuum pumps (refer to Lab Safety Manual)
Examine electrical cords periodically
Make sure all electrical equipment is grounded
Do no run cords along the floor where they create a tripping hazard or above the ceiling
Do not plug too many cords into one outlet
FUME HOODS
Equipment and other materials should be placed at least 6 inches behind the sash
When hood not in use pull the sash all the way down
Do not keep loose paper or towels in the hood
Do not use as a storage cabinet
When using large equipment keep it raised 1.5 inches off the work surface to allow ventilation
Do not block fume hooddo not modify the fume hood
Minimize the foot traffic in front of a hood
SPECIFIC CLASSES OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS Reference the Laboratory Safety Manual for specific
details for working with:
Embryotoxins
Chemicals with chronic or high acute toxicity
Substances of high chronic toxicity
Flammable solvents
Oxidizers
Corrosives
Reactives
BIOSAFETY LEVELS
Refer to laboratory Safety Manual for specific details for working in the different biosafety level areas.
GAS CYLINDERS• OSHA requires that all gas cylinders be
secured to prevent tipping• Always use appropriate regulator on
cylinder• Be legibly labeled and marked to
clearly identify the department and gas• Be stored to protect against external
heat sources• Do not use oil or grease on any cylinder• Be stored as not to be damaged by
passing or falling items• Valve protectors must also be in place
when cylinder not in use • Valves must be closed if cylinder is
being moved• Inspected regularly
GAS CYLINDERS
Never use cylinder if it cannot be positively identified
Place all cylinders so the main valve is accessible
Remove regulators from all unused cylinders and place protective safety cap
Store oxygen at least 20 feet from a flammable material
Never roll a cylinder
Never drop or strike a cylinder
use designated wrenches or tools to open valve
Store compatible gases together
RECORDS AND TRAINING
RECORDS
Lab supervisor or program manager or designee will be responsible to assure that Incident Reports are filed with Security
Medical records associated with an exposure will be maintained by the facility in accordance with State and Federal regulations
If a medical consultation is performed HR will obtain a written opinion from the examining physician to include:
Follow-up recommendations
Results of the exam
Statement that the lab personnel has been informed of the results and any follow-up treatment needed
SDSs will be available in each lab for all hazardous chemicals
TRAINING Every lab worker must be trained to know the location and proper use
of PPE (refer to the Laboratory Safety manual-”Basic Rules and Procedures for Working with Chemicals”)
Training must be provided at the time of initial employment and then annually or as needed when a new chemical is introduced
Training must include at minimum:
Location of the Laboratory Safety Manual
Locations of SDSs
The permissible exposure limits (PEL) for OSHA regulated substances or the exposure limits for other chemicals where there is no OSHA standard (refer to appendix for PEL’s in Laboratory Safety manual)
Signs and symptoms of exposures
Methods to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical
The physical and health hazards of the chemicals in their work area
The measures lab personnel can take to protect themselves from the hazards
The applicable details of the Laboratory Safety manual
HAZCOM TRAINING
Hazard Communication training is required when the employee is hired and then annually or as needed to include:
Chemical labeling (new CHS requirements)
SDSs
Spill clean-up and chemical disposal
Chemical storage guidelines
Hazards specific to different chemical groups
Implementing new formats
TRAINING
Lab safety training must take place at the time of hire and then annually or as needed and must include:
Safety equipment and practices
Emergency procedures
Emergency equipment
Waste disposal
Fire Extinguisher training is required for all lab personnel
What to do in the event of a fire
The behavior of fires
The classes of fires and proper selection and use of a fire extinguisher
Waste Management Training and Bloodborne Pathogen Training must take place at the time of hire and then annually or as needed. (the requirements covered previously in BBP section)