![Page 1: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
After today…
• You should be able to tell the difference between subcultures & countercultures
• You should be able to identify the purpose of subcultures within dominant society
• You should be able to identify the qualities of sub/countercultures
![Page 3: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is a subculture?
• Any group that exists within dominant, mainstream culture…a world within a world– Shared ideology…values, norms, beliefs– Shared aesthetic…dress, pastimes, music,
zines/blogs, etc– Shared vernacular…specialized language
![Page 4: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Vocational subcultures
• Recreational subcultures
• Ethnic subcultures
• Lifestyle Subcultures
Types of Subcultures
![Page 5: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Job Jargon: Truck Driving
• "Reefer" ... refrigerated trailer
• "Big Road" .... Highway
• "Flip Flop" ... return trip
• "Chicken Coup" ... truck scales
• "Bear" ... Police
• "Back Door" ... Behind
![Page 6: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Purpose of both sub and countercultures
• Gives people a place where they are empowered
• Connects likeminded people• Makes invisible people visible• Allows people to escape the identity
they are born into• Gives people a place to construct
identity
![Page 7: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Furries
![Page 8: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Otherkin• Subculture of people, primarily Internet-based,
who identify in some way as other than human
• Believe themselves to be mythological or legendary creatures, explaining their beliefs through reincarnation, having a nonhuman soul– Angels, demons, dragons, elves, extra-terrestrials,
fairies, kitsune, lycanthropes, and vampires
![Page 9: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Bōsōzoku• “Violent running gang”; a Japanese subculture
associated with motorcycle clubs and gangs. – First seen in the 1950s as the Japanese automobile industry
expanded rapidly.
• Engage in dangerous or reckless driving, such as weaving in traffic, not wearing motorcycle helmets, and running red lights– composed of people under the legal adult age, (20 yrs old)
– Weapons of choice: wooden swords, metal pipes and Molotov cocktails.
![Page 11: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Sukeban
• Sukeban --"suke" means female, while "ban" means boss in Japan; girl gangs
• Wear sailor uniforms; pleated skirts that went down to their feet, and custom embroidery
![Page 13: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Girls dress like their favorite manga, anime, or
video-game character.
Harajuku district of
Japan
Wamona, cyber, decora , or
cosplay
![Page 15: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Steampunk
• Based on science fiction literature blended with Victorian Era culture…– Think H.G. Wells and Jules Verne– Clothing: gowns, corsets, petticoats and bustles;
suits with vests, coats and spats; or military-inspired garments.
![Page 16: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Hipsters
![Page 18: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
LARPers• Participants physically act out their characters'
actions as decided by the gamemaster – May last hours or days– May be in public or private– Most characters dress up and have alternative
personas– Horror, zombie, fantasy, post apocalyptic,
assassin, etc.
![Page 19: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Trekkies
![Page 21: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
What is a counterculture?
• A group who’s values and norms deviate from or are at odds with those of dominant culture:– Usually viewed as negative/dangerous, but not
always (e.g. women’s lib groups in the 70s or the Civil Rights movement of the 60s)
– Hippies, KKK, early punk, Satanists, Hells Angels/Pagans, Anarchists, Cults
![Page 22: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Why do people join countercultures?
• Members of countercultural groups are…– Usually outsiders– Alienated– Marginalized people with little power over their
status in the world– Don’t fit the mold of what American cultures
says is “normal”
![Page 23: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Punk Subculture
• Emerges in London and NYC in the 1970s– Max’s Kansas City & CBGBs
• Backlash against the hippy counterculture
• Values: nihilistic, rejected materialism, anti-establishment
![Page 24: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Hippies
![Page 27: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
What is a “cult”?
• A group whose beliefs seem bizarre or abnormal
• Can be religious or secular:• Modern cults include large group-awareness
training, psychotherapy, business (pyramid schemes), political (militia), and "New Age" groups:
![Page 29: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Cults in American Society
• Some estimates suggest there are over 5000 cults in the U.S. (including militia groups, extremist religions, and new age sects)
• The turn of the century rekindled interest and membership in cults.– Some estimates suggest upwards of
185,000 converts per year to various cults
![Page 30: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Problem with Defining “Cults”
• One person’s cult is another’s religion
• What is the difference between a “cult” and a “social movement”?
• What is the difference between an “extremist group” and a “club”?
![Page 31: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Cults: 8 Commonalities1. Authoritarian: central leadership in one person or small
group of individuals. 2. Oppositional: values, beliefs or practices at odds with
dominant culture.3. Exclusivistic: only the group has ''the truth,'' usually
based on new insights or revelation. 4. Legalistic: a tightly structured framework which governs
spirituality and the smallest details of daily life. 5. Subjective: undue emphasis on experience and emotions
often resulting in anti-intellectualism. 6. Persecution-Conscious: the belief that their group is
singled out for persecution. 7. Sanction-Oriented: stern sanctions issued for anything
less than total obedience. 8. Esoteric: an emphasis on secret, hidden or inner truth.
![Page 32: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Characteristics of People Who Join Cults
• A desire to belong• Unassertiveness • Gullibility (impaired capacity to question critically)• Low tolerance for ambiguity • Cultural disillusionment or alienation• Idealism• A lack of self-confidence• A desire for spiritual meaning
![Page 33: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Heaven’s Gate Cult
• Founded by Marshall Applewhite AKA “Do”, and Bonnie Lu Truesdale AKA”Ti”
• Mid 1970’s – West Coast
• Beliefs – Aliens a “ Level Above” humans – Earth was a “ Garden for Souls” – Jesus was part of this. Applewhite was the same as
Jesus – Earth was being “Recycled” – Comet Hale-Bopp was signal to leave
![Page 34: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
All wearing the following:
•Identical blue shirts and sweatpants
•Nike Widerunners
•Armbands reading “Heaven’s Gate Away Team”
•Each had a $5 bill and 3 quarters in their pocket
Star Trek reference
![Page 35: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Marshall Applewhite &
Bonnie Lu Nettles Trusdale
![Page 36: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Jim Jones: The People’s Temple
• Founded in 1955 by Jim Jones• By 1959 = over 900 members (mid-70s
3,000)• Preached imminent end of the world in a
nuclear war and that the survivors would create a “new socialist Eden” on earth
• Would travel around the country performing fake healings and fund raising
• San Francisco - police suspicion• Jones leases 4,000 acres of land in
Guyana
![Page 38: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Jonestown Massacre
• November 17, 1978: Congressman Leo Ryan goes to Guyana to investigate
• November 18, 1978: Ryan attempts to help potential defectors– Temple guards open fire, kill Ryan, 3
journalists and one defector– Jones orders mass execution– Cyanide-laced, grape flavored Kool-Aid
![Page 39: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Aftermath
• 918 dead
• 270 children
• Greatest single loss of American civilian life before 9/11
• Only Congressman to ever be assassinated
![Page 40: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: & Countercultures Modified From: hasdpa/215120729132129693/lib /.../ Subcultures . ppt](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/568135f8550346895d9d6aa2/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)