Download - 002 week of the 25th
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Photography Composition using the Elements and
Principles of Art
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Elements The basic building blocks
• Line • Shape/Form • Space • Value • Texture • Color
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Lines
• A mark made by a moving point. • Has greater length than width. • Directs the eye – horizontal, vertical,
diagonal, curvy, zig-zag, etc. • Can be actual obvious lines or the borders
or edges of shapes.
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Lines
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Shape/Form
• A contained area. • Can be GEOMETRIC (man-made) ex.
Square, triangle, circle, etc. • Can be ORGANIC (natural) ex. Leaves,
humans, puddles, etc. • Shapes are 2-Dimensional and flat. (circle) • Forms are 3-Dimensional with height, width
and depth. (sphere) • Used to create a sense of space and
substance.
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Shape/Form
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Space
• The area used or unused in a composition. • Positive space – the area the objects/subject
takes up. • Negative space – the area around, under,
through and between. • Gives the photo a 3-dimensional feeling.
(Depth) • Foreground (closest), Middle ground, and
Background (farthest). • Can be open, crowded, near, far, etc.
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Space
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Value
• Black and White and all the Grays in between
• Dark to Light • Can add drama and impact to composition. • Can give a sense of timelessness • Train your eye to read color as Black and
White!
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Value
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Texture
• The surface quality. • How an object feels, or how it looks like
it feels. • Rough, smooth, bumpy, gooey, sharp,
etc. • Adds interest! Sense of sight and sense
of touch involved.
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Texture
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Color
• Artistic term is HUE • Need light to see color. • Primary, Secondary, Intermediates. • Use color schemes to enhance appeal or
make impact.
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Color
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Principles
• The different arrangements – or compositions - of the ELEMENTS of design to create artistic, interesting, more visually powerful photographs.
• Principles
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What are the Principles of Art?
• Emphasis • Balance • Unity
• Contrast • Movement/ Rhythm • Pattern/Repetition
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Pattern/Repetition
• An element that occurs over and over again in a composition.
• Can repeat the element in a consistent pattern.
• Can repeat the element in a variation of the pattern.
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Repetition Examples
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EMPHASIS or Focal Point
Emphasis in a composition refers to developing points of interest to pull the viewer's eye to important
parts of the body of the work.
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EMPHASIS EXAMPLES
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Balance
Balance is a sense of stability in the body of work. Balance can be
created by repeating same shapes and by creating a feeling
of equal weight.
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Balance Examples
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Unity
Unity is seen in a painting or drawing when all the parts equal a
whole.
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Unity Examples
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CONTRAST
Contrast refers to the opposites and differences in the work. You
can achieve variety by using different shapes, textures, colors
and values in your work.
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CONTRAST Examples
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Movement
Movement adds excitement to your work by showing action and directing the viewers eye
throughout the picture plane. Rhythm is a type of movement in drawing and painting. It is seen in
repeating of shapes and colors. Alternating lights and darks also give a sense of rhythm.
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Movement
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The Rule of Thirds
Try not to shoot anything dead Center!!! Your viewer will spend more time with your image is the objects are placed all around the center.
Dead center means just that…DEAD. When the audience only has to look at the center , they spend very little time viewing and thinking about your image
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Elements and Principles in Photographic Composition
• The Elements and Principles are used in making photographs – not just taking photographs.
• You have to know and understand the elements and principles of art to see them all around you and capture them in your photos.
• Good luck!