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Disajikan:F.A.Gunawan Ph.D
RISK BASED BEHAVIORAL SAFETY
FOR LEADERS
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OBJECTIVES OF THIS PRESENTATION
Peserta memahami:
Cara pengembangan daftar
periksa prilaku aman & tak
aman
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KELEMAHAN
PENGENDAL
IAN
Kelemahan:
Sistem
Standar
Kepatuhan
SEBAB
DASAR
Faktor
Manusia(Personal)
Faktor
Pekerjaan
SEBAB
LANGSUNG
Prilaku Tak
AmanKeadaan Tak
Aman
INSIDEN
Kejadian
Kontakdengan
Energi
KERUGIAN
Cidera &
Kerusakaan:
Manusia
Harta
Proses
Peralatan
MODEL BIRD (1974)
PENYEBAB DASAR
BBS
Extend BBS process to cover entire accident causation chain
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Penyebab Langsung
Immediate Causes (What sub standard actions &
Conditions caused the event):Tick all applicable below and explain here:
SUBSTANDARD ACTIONS
Operating equipment without authorityFailure to warnFailure to secureOperating at improper speedMaking safety devices inoperableRemoving safety devicesUsing defective equipmentUsing equipment improperlyFailure to use PPE properlyImproper loadingImproper placement
Improper liftingImproper position for taskServicing equipment in operationHorseplay
Under influence of alcohol or drugs
Working in dangerous situation
Non-adherence to rules/standards
SUBSTANDARD CONDITIONS
Inadequate guards or barriersInadequate or improper protective
equipmentDefective tools equipment or materialsCongested or restricted actionInadequate warning systemFire and explosion hazardPoor housekeeping disorderHazardous environmental conditions
(gas, dust etc.)Noise exposures
Radiation exposureHigh or low temperature exposuresInadequate or excess illumination
Inadequate ventilation
Defective PPE
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The more specific the behaviors the bigger the impact!
Specific Vs. General
Dr Dominic Cooper C.Psychol CFIOSH
PENENTUAN CRITICAL ATRISK BEHAVIOR
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Blanko utk Pengamatan Prilaku Umum
7
No.Reg........, Daerah Kerja.........
(Beri tanda X pd kotak utk tindakan & keadaan tak aman yg diamati)
1. APD
Kepala Telinga
Mata Pernafasan
Muka dst
2. Posisi Badan
Terbentur Salah angkat
Terkait Mengangkat terlalu berat
Terjepi dst
3. Peralatan & Perelngkapan
Tdk sesuai pekerjaan Dipakai dg cara salah
Rusak / tdk layak pakai dsb
4. Alat Bergerak (Mobile Equip) & Kendaraan (Vehicles)
Bergerak terlalu cepat Salah pakai
Posisi tdk aman dsb
5. Lingkungan Kerja (Housekeeping Behaviour)
Licin Berantakan (tdk rapi)
Bocor Vibrasi
Bising dst
N0 Bahaya yg diamati
(Tindak / Keadaan Tak
Aman)
Tindak Perbaikkan
dan Rekomendasi
Tingkat
Risiko
PENGAMAT
Nama : .........
Bagian : .......
Tanda Tangan: ____________
YANG DIAMATI
Lokasi Kerja :.......
Nama :.......
Bagian :.......
Tanda Tangan:_____________
SISI DEPAN SISI BELAKANG
Pertamina, 2009.
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No.Regristrasi: ______________ Pengamat: _________________________________Tanggal: __________ Waktu: _________ Daerah Kerja_________________________
Instruksi: beri tanda X pada prilaku aman (Safe) dan tak aman (At-Risk) dan Pelindung (Barrier) yang diamati, sesuaikolom yang ada. Gunakan ruang dibawah blanko untuk mencatat aspek K3 yang lain, yang diamati, yang tidak tercantumpada blanko.
BLANKO PENGAMATAN KESELAMATAN KERJA
Kelompok Prilaku & Keadaan Aman Berbahaya Usulan PerbaikkanLingkungan Kerja
Walking/Working SurfaceHousekeepingSpill PreventionFacility Condition
Alat Pelindung DiriHand ProtectionEye and Face ProtectionHead ProtectionHearing ProtectionFoot Protection
Respiratory ProtectionBody ProtectionFall Protection
Peralatan (Tools & Equipments)Barriers and GuardsLifting EquipmentProper UseCondition
Posisi & Gerakan BadanBody PositionEyes on WorkLine of FireCommunicationErgonomics
ProsedurJob PreparationLock-Out/Tag-Out (LOTO)
MengemudiVehicle ConditionVehicle Operation
Tindakan perbaikkan yang dilakukan:
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Persentase Prilaku Aman per Daerah
Kerja
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ANOMALIES MANAGEMENT TOOLANOMALY CARD SYSTEM
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BBS Checklist (1)
1. Working Environment
1.1 Walking /Working Surface Walk using walkway versus stepping high elevation
When working above round level, use a clean and secure ladder or work stand
Walk cautiously and flat footed through wet surface, cleaning zone and constructionzone
1.2 Housekeeping
Keep extension cords, hoses, tubing and other items in bundle and clear of walk waysto avoid trip hazard
Keep all tools and equipment in a designated area when not in use (toolbox, rack, etc.)
Collect the trash and waste in the proper places (trash bin, waste container, garbagecan)
1.3 Spill Prevention
Check and clean all drip pans to avoid spills
Remains present at all times while re-fueling chemicals, lubricant oil filling, and workover fluid loading and unloading
Check and ensure proper plug, valve, hoses, etc. before and after loading & unladingof fluid
1.4 Facility Condition
Use safe, standard and clean ladder, stair ways, walkways, platform, structure, etc.
Operate safe and standard, engine, instrument, tool, equipment, etc.
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BBS Checklist (Lanj. 2) - Example
2. Personal Protective Equipment2.1. Hand Protection
Use proper gloves to avoid exposureto electrical, cuts, burns, chemical,wire rope etc.
2.2 Eye & Face Protection
Use proper eye protection and faceprotection for the hazard i.e. goggles,face shield, safety glasses, etc
2.3 Head Protection
Wear hard hats in all industrial areas,
excepts for designated area, officeand top-roof vehicles
Use good condition hard hat i.e. notcracked
2.4 Foot Protection
Wear safety-toe boots/shoes in allindustrial area, except for designatedarea, offices and vehicles
Wear proper electrical foot protection
when necessary Wear proper chemical resistant boots
when working with chemicals/oilspills
Wear rubber safety boot whenworking in steam pad
2. Personal Protective Equipment2.5 Hearing Protection
Wear hearing protection in designated highnoise area
2.6 Respiratory Protection
Use appropriate respiratory protection whilehandling chemicals, grinding, etc.
Use appropriate respiratory protection whenatmosphere
2.7 Body Protection
Use appropriate working clothes Use welding apron while doing welding job
Use appropriate chemicals attire while handlingchemical
2.8 Fall Protection
Wear body harness and lanyard when workingon high elevation than 2 meters height withoutrailing
Use proper and safe climbing device whenclimbing (electric poles, etc)
Wear safety belt, including tail rope whileworking at racking platform
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BBS Checklist (3)
3. Tools and Equipment
3.1 Barriers and Guard
Covers moving/rotating equipment/parts
Install ladder and rail guard at 2 meter height or more from round
Cover and barricade open holes, and other hazards (use safety yellow tape, guard, etc.)
3.2 Lifting Equipment
Perform a operator check list before operating of crane/lifting equipment
Use adequate rigging tools and check prior to use (use slings shackle, tag line for lifts)
Use adequate size and design lifting equipment for the load
3.3 Proper Use
Use tool designed and sized for the work being done (pipe wrench for pipe, screwdriver
for screws, chisel for chiseling)
Use brass hammer around the well head (not a steel hammer), if gas is present
3.4 Condition
Clean tools after use (jaws and heel on wrenches and vices cleaned) Dispose of, or property repair defective tools or equipment (no wire rope with wickers)
Inspect/check for the broken tool or missing part frequently (No mushroomed, hammer-
head or chisel)
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BBS Checklist (4)
4. Body use and Position4.1 Body Position
Position body to avoid over-extension when reaching for items Get help and use proper lifting techniques when lifting, carrying, pushing, pulling and holding
heavy or oversized objects
Position hand and fingers at safe when moving, striking, hammering, spotting, etc.
4.2 Eyes On Work
Keep eyes on path and face forward when walking
Keep eyes on suspended load and un direction of movement (get help from signal/flag man ifneeded)
Use handrails when using stairs
4.3 Line Of Fire
Stand to side while opening valves and turning on line starter
Stand clear of crane load, in front of moving object and pressurized items
Stand clear while moving and pushing pipes
4.4 Communication
Keep signal man in sight when operating crane and hoist
Use proper signals and/or communication devices while operating lifting equipment
Install proper warning sins as required for specific job
4.5. Ergonomics
Use the ergonomics chairs when operating computer
Position work below shoulder height
Put our body in the ergonomic position
Adjust the panel and controls to the operations posture
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BBS Checklist (5)
5. Procedure5.1 Job Preparation
Complete hot work and/or confined space entry permit a required for the job
Complete job safety analysis (JSA) for job if required
Conduct pre job inspection (example, underground cable identification)
Conduct tail gate meeting to starting job
5.2 Lock-out /Tag-out (LOTO)
Isolate, bleed/test and lock-out/tag-out pneumatic hydraulic, electrical, mechanical
and stored energy sources before performing task
Disconnect power sources while working on machines, computers and other
equipment
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BBS Checklist (6)
6. Driving
6.1 Vehicle Condition
Conduct Pre trip Inspection (oil level, water, tire pressure, brake,
document, etc.)
6.2 Vehicle Operations
Fasten seat belt driving
Use appropriate speed for conditions (pedestrian cross, housing
complex, wet/slippery road, terrain, inter section, etc)
Walk around vehicle to ensure that area is clear before backing (no
children, other object at the back side)
Maintain following distance based on road condition, load, speed,
weather, etc.
Stop vehicle before trying to retrieve an object from floor/dash
board
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BBS Checklist (7)
BARRIERB1. Disagrees with safe practice
Thinks this way is safe Disagrees with observer on safe practice for job
B2. Personal choice and shortcuts
Aware of hazard too rush / extra work No specific safe practice defined for job Choose to work at risk for medical reasons Choose to not spend money for PPE
B3. Job Knowledge
Unaware of safe practice for specific job Unaware of risks associated with work location Unaware of risks associated with work Doesnt think a specific safe practice applies to this job
B4. Job Focus
Thinking about anything other than current task Lost focus, thinking about something else
B5. Facilities and equipment
Different design of facilities or equipment needed Proper tools or safety equipment not available
B.6. Management System
Leader supports doing the job this way Leader disagrees with safe practice Peers all do the job this way
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No.
Ref
B
Critical Safe -
UnsafeBehavior
Tingkat
Risiko
A
Activators
C
Consequences
Recommendations Notes
PENGAMAT
Nama : .........
Bagian : .......
Tanda Tangan: ____________
YANG DIAMATI
Lokasi Kerja :.......
Nama :.......
Bagian :.......
Tanda Tangan:_____________
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