Download - 01.desain stvg
![Page 1: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mendesain STVG(Sarana Transportasi
Vertikal dalam Gedung)
secaraAMAN, NYAMAN, dan EFISIEN
Dibawakan
OLEH: Ir. SARWONO KUSASI
![Page 2: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Tiap-tiap komponen harus direncanakan, agar lift sebagai suatu sistem bekerja efektif dan efisien.
Perencanaan didasarkan pada kriteria yang berlaku dalam Tehnik Perencanaan dan Standard Nasional (SNI).
Pelatihan ini dimaksud sebagai dasar tehnik para konsultan dan menyajikan data yang berguna bagi tehnisi lapangan.
A. Uraian Singkat Pelatihan
![Page 3: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
B. Tujuan Instruksional Umum (TIU)
Setelah mengikuti pelatihan ini, peserta akan mampu memahami kaidah dan cara kerja sistem lift, kaitan antara teori dengan fakta di lapangan.
![Page 4: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
C. Tujuan Instruksional Khusus (TIK)
Setelah mengikuti pelatihan, peserta akan mampu:1. memahami cara kerja pesawat lift dan
batas-batasan unjuk kerja.2. memberikan definisi fungsi komponen.3. memilih jenis dan ukuran komponen yang
tepat.4. menghitung efisiensi dan kebutuhan
tenaga motor penggerak.
![Page 5: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
D. Acuan
1. Elevator World.1990 Edition “Educational Package”. Volume-3 : Construction and Performance.
2. Vertical Transportation George R Strakosch, 3rd edition, John Willy.
3. Elevator Mechanical Design, 2nd Edition 1993 by Lubomir Jonousky.
4. SNI. 03-2190-1999 “Syarat-syarat Umum Konstruksi Pesawat Lift”.
5. SNI. 03-6375-2001 “Tatacara Perancangan”.
![Page 6: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
1. Pokok-Pokok Pembicaraan
DASAR-DASAR PERENCANAAN
PESAWAT LIFT-PENUMPANG
1. KESEIMBANGAN (OVERBALANCE)
2. TARIKAN dan SLIP (TRACTION RELATION)
3. TALI KAWAT BAJA (STEEL WIRE ROPES)
4. DAYA (POWER OUTPUT)
5. EFISIENSI
6. REL PEMANDU (GUIDE RAILS)
7. BALOK PEMISAH (SEPARATOR BEAMS)
8. PENYANGGA (BUFFER)
9. PESAWAT PENGAMAN (SAFETY DEVICES)
10. UNJUK KERJA (PERFORMANCE)
![Page 7: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2.A. Roping System
DWT1:1 Roping
Double Wrapped Traction
![Page 10: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
2.B. Roping System
DWT2:1 Roping
Double Wrapped Traction
![Page 11: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2.C. Roping System
SWT2:1 Roping
Single Wrapped Traction
![Page 12: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2.D. Roping System
SWT1:1 Roping
Single Wrapped Traction
![Page 13: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
2.E. Machine Below arrangement
overslung underslung
Drive
![Page 14: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2.F. Mesin Traksi Jenis Gearless
![Page 15: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
3. KeseimbanganPermen Nakertrans no.03/1999Berat bobot imbang (counterweight), Z = P + 0,50Q
Kondisi Full load up
F.L.U,
T1
=
P + Q
Kondisi No load down
NLD,
T1
=
P
T2
=
P + 0,50Q
Z (kg)
Kondisi Balance up and down T1
= T2
Overbalance, OB
= 50%
Capacity < 45 kg
Medium capacity, OB
= 45%
Capacity < 1050 kg
Big capacity, OB
= 42,5%
Capacity > 1150 kg
P+Q (kg)
![Page 16: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
4. U-groove, U/C = 900
Besi tuang brinnel 220
![Page 17: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1. U-groove tanpa undercut, k = 1.02. U-groove 900 undercut, k = 1.33. U-groove 1050 undercut, k = 1.4
5. U-groove (alur dudukan tali)
![Page 18: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
5.A. Tali baja duduk pada alur roda traksi
Bentuk alur bulat (round seating atau U-groove)
Bentuk alur V atau flat seating
![Page 19: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Traction availability, Ta
Leonhard Euler (1707-1783, Swiss)
Traction Required, TR
=
(T1
/T2
)
Cd
Factor dinamis, Cd
=
1 + a/g
1 – a/g
=
sudut kontak tali dengan roda puli (radian)
f
=
koefisien gesek = 0.11
a
=
aselerasi = 0.80 ~ 1.25 m/s2
(nominal speed 90 ~ 320 m/m)
g
=
gravitasi bumi = 9.81 m/s2
e
=
base number of natural logaritma (Napiere) = 2.718
Persyaratan Traksi
6. Traction Availability
Traction availability, Ta = efk
efk > (T1/T2) Cd
![Page 20: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
6.A. Faktor Dinamis
![Page 21: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
6.B. Daftar Besaran Percepatan, a
Kecepatan Lift, v(m/m)
60 90 105 120 150 180 210 240 - dst
Percepatan, a(m/s/s)
0.50 0.70 0.80 0.85 0.95 1.10 1.20 1.25 - dst
![Page 22: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
f
=
coefficient of friction
antara baja dan besi tuang = 0.11
k
=
bentuk alur pada roda puli (sheave)
U-groove 900
undercut,
k = 1.3
U-groove 1050
undercut,
k = 1.4
V-groove 600
k = 2.0
=
sudut contact tali dengan puli,
1650
= 1,88 radian
1800
= 3,14 radian
Contoh : Ta
= (2.718) 0.11 x 1.3 x 2.79
= 1.49
7. Ta = efk > Tr x Cd
![Page 23: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Asumsi:
Lift dengan kapasitas 450 kg, kecepatan 45 m/m
Berat kereta 500 kg
Overbalance 50%, acceleration
=
0.6 m/s2
Berat CWT, Z = 500 + 0.5 x 450
=
725 kg
T
R
=
T1
=
450 + 500
=
1.31
T2
725
Faktor dinamis
=
1 + 0.6 / 9.81
=
1.061
=
1.129
1 – 0.6 / 9.81
0.93
T
R
=
1.31 x 1.129
=
1.47
L
ihat daftar Ta
= 1.49 > Tr
1.47, kesimpulan aman
gunakan U-900
, U-groove, undercut 900
sudut kontak boleh 1600
atau lebih.
8. Contoh Perhitungan
![Page 24: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
9.a. Sistem pentalian (roping)
one to one roping T1 = (P+Q) two to one roping T1 = ½ (P+Q)
P+Q (kg)
![Page 25: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
9.b. Double Wrapped Traction
T2T2 T1T1
![Page 26: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
10. Daftar (Tabel) Ta = ef.k.
Nilai batas slip (gelincir), rumus Euller
A/C2360
U.105 U.90 U.45 U.30 U.0
() Radian 1,4 1,3 1,2 1,1 1,0
SWTM/A
160165170175180
2,792,882,973,063,14
1,541,561,581,601,62
1,491,511,531,551,57
-----
-----
-----
![Page 27: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
A/C2360
V.50k =
V.54 V.60 U.105 U.90 U.45 U.30 U.0
() Radian 2,4 2,2 2,0 1,4 1,3 1,2 1,1 1,0
SWTM/A
160165170175180
2,792,882,973,063,14
2,072,142,192,242,29
1,962,012,052,102,14
1,851,881,921,961,99
1,541,561,581,601,62
1,491,511,531,551,57
-----
-----
-----
SWTM/B
185190195200
3,233,323,403,49
----
----
----
1,641,671,691,71
1,591,611,631,65
1,531,551,571,59
----
----
DWTM/A
340345350355
5,946,026,116,20
----
----
----
----
----
2,192,212,242,27
2.052.072.102.12
1.921.941.961.98
10.A. Daftar (Tabel) Ta = ef.k.
Nilai batas slip (gelincir), rumus Euller
![Page 28: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Ada 3 macam TALI KAWAT BAJA dari segi fungsi
1. TALI TRAKSI2. TALI PENGAMAN (= TALI GOVERNOR)3. TALI KOMPENSASI
11. Tali Kawat Baja (steel wire rope)
KONSTRUKSI TALI 8 X 19 FC, SEALE type 8 X 9.9.1 FC8 STRAND (PILINAN) X 19 ELEMEN KAWATFC = Fibre Core, Manila hennep / Synthetic fibre
![Page 29: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Jumlah lembar tali, n
Kep.Men 03/MEN/1999 pasal 24
Pentalian, roping system 2:1
i =
2P
entalian, roping system 1:1
i =
1
P
= berat kereta (kg)
Q
= kapasitas (nominal load) (kg)
T
= berat tali (sementara dapat diabaikan)
fk
= faktor keamanan, ikuti daftar SNI
Bp
= batas patah (sesuai sertifikat pabrik)
Catatan : 1 kgf = 9.81N
12.
n = (P + Q + T) fk Bp x i
![Page 30: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
13.FAKTOR KEAMANAN
Kecepatan tali m/m F/K Tali Lift Penumpang F/K Tali Lift Barang
s/d 45 8.00 7.00
60 8.80 7.60
90 9.20 8.20
105 9.50 8.50
120 9.75 8.75
150 10.20 9.20
180 10.70 9.50
210 11.00 9.80
240 11.25 10.00
300 11.55 10.30
360 11.80 10.30
420 12.00 10.50
* Acuan : SNI. 03.2190.Rev 1999
![Page 31: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
14.Batas Patah Tali Baja Tarik 8 x 19 FC
Diameter Nominal(mm)
Perkiraan Berat(kg/m)
Batas Patah Maximal(Kawat 130/160
kgf/mm2)*(kgf)
6.30 0.13 1.6508.00 0.21 2.5009.50 0.30 3.69011.00 0.42 5.00012.70 0.54 6.50014.30 0.68 8.10015.90 0.83 10.05019.00 1.25 14.400
* 2 macam kawat baja (dual tensile) Kawat luar 130 kgf/mm2
Kawat dalam 160 kgf/mm2 (filler wires)
* Sumber : Mechanical Engineers Handbook
![Page 32: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
15. Konstruksi Tali Baja
Warrington type
Seale type 8 x 19
Regular type
Tiller type (dilarang digunakan)
Dianjurkan double stresswires
![Page 33: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
16.a. Pilinan kawat (strand)
Satu puntiran = one lay
![Page 34: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
16.b. Arah puntiran (lilitan)
![Page 35: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Power output,
(kW)
Q = beban muatan nominal, kgV = kecepatan nominal lift, m/mT = efficiency system = 0.55 s/d 0.87Angka konfersi = 6120 kg m/m = 1 kWO/B = overbalance = 45% (= 0.45)Power Rating > P output Power Rating = P nameplate = + 105% Po
17. Daya Motor Penggerak (power output)
Po = Q (1 – O/B) x V 6120 x T
![Page 36: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Efficiency
T
= 1
x 2
x 3
1
= system mechanical
2
= transmission, reduction gear
3
= motor (heat lost)
1
= 0.95
2
= G/D machine = 0.60 ~ 0.75
G/L machine = 0.85 ~ 0.95
3
= 0.97
T
G/D
= 0.95 x 0.6 x 0.97
= 0.55 ~ 0.69
T
G/L
= 0.95 x 0.85 x 0.97
= 0.74 ~ 0.87
18. Efisiensi
![Page 37: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Asumsi : Lift berkapasitas (daya angkut), Q = 1150 kg (17P)
Kecepatan nominal, P = 150 m/m
Ditanya :
(a) Berapa Power output
(b) Berapa lembar tali baja
Po
=
1150 (1 – 0.45) 150
= 17.22 kW
6120 x 0.90
Gunakan motor dengan Power rating = 18 kW
J
umlah lembar tali baja, assume P = 2 Q, pentalian 1:1, i = 1
n
=
(1150 + 2 x 1150) 10.2
=
5.4 ~ 6 lembar dia 13 mm
6500
alt : gunakan tali 16 mm, Bp
= 10500 kg
n
=
(1150 + 2 x 1150) 10.2
= 3.35
4 lembar
10500
19. Contoh perhitungan
![Page 38: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
20. Rel pemandu (guide rails)
fishplate
Rail
M8Male
Female
F1 gaya reaksi vertikalR1 gaya reaksi horizontal
![Page 39: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
21. Balok pemisah (separator beam)
Panjang balok = L (mm)Jarak sepasang rel = D (mm)Jarak sepatu pemandu = H (mm)
Reaksi pada balok R1 = FD / 10H N (Newton)Gaya tekuk vertikal F = g (P+Q) N (Newton)
R1
(Guide Shoes)
(Sepatu Pemandu)
![Page 40: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
21.A. Sepatu Pemandu Jenis Luncur
![Page 41: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
21.B. Pemandu Jenis Roller
![Page 42: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
22.a. Pit (lekuk dasar ruang luncur)
Ruang aman 0.6 m
Kep.Men 03/MEN/1999
pasal 10
Reaksi penyangga pada lantai dasar pit = 5000 N/dm2
(= 500.000 N/m2)Penyangga
![Page 43: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
22.b. Lekuk dasar atau pit
Lekuk dasar atau pit dalamnya pit harus mengakomodasi tinggi safety plank (rangka dasar kereta), luang lari, langkahtorak (peredam) tinggi silinder dan tinggi pendukung silinder
![Page 44: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
22.c. Kamar mesin dan overhead
Ruang aman
Kep.Men 03/MEN/1999
pasal 9
0.6 m
Kereta
Tali baja
Bobot Imbang
0.6 mRuang aman
![Page 45: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
23. Gaya reaksi pesawat pengaman
F = g (P + Q) F = 1.5g (P + Q) F = 2.5g (P + Q)
![Page 46: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
24. Korelasi Faktor Tekuk dengan Koefisien KelangsinganU
ntuk profil baja 370 N/m2
Rujukan SNI 03-2190-1999 tabel 4.10.8
Keterangan :
l = jarak sepasi braket
r = radius girasi profil rel
= l / r (koef.kelangsingan) (faktor tekuk)120125130135140145
2.342.652.853.073.313.55
![Page 47: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Reaction Force
(1)
Vertikal, F
LIFT #1 LIFT #2
F
=
g (P + Q)
(N)
(2)
Horizontal, R1
DBG R1
R1
L
R1
=
FD / 10H
(N)
D = jarak kiri-kanan rel
H = jarak vertikal sepatu luncur
w
w
Moment of Inertia, Iy
= R1
L3
/48 E d (mm4
)
Modulus of Section , Zy
= R1
x ½ L/ (mm3
)
E = modulus of Inertia (st.37)
= 2.1 x 105
(N/mm2
)
d = deflection 2 ~ 3 mm (1 mm per 1.0 m bentangan)
Buckling stress = 140 N/mm2
(maksimum yang diizinkan untuk baja st.37)
25. BALOK PEMISAH (separator beams)
![Page 48: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
F = 10 (P + Q) = 10 (2000+1000) 3.31 = 99300 N
Q = 1000 kg
P = 2000 kg
Rail K-13
r = 19.0 mm
A = 1545 mm
= 140
= 3.31
Jarak rentang braket, l
l = r = 140 x 19.0 = 2.60 m
= 99300 x 1815 / 10 x 4000 = 4505 N
Modulus of Section, Zy
= R1
x ½ l/
= 4505 x ½ (2200) / 100 = 49.5 cm3
26. Contoh perhitungan balok pemisah
R1 = FD 10H
![Page 49: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
F
= 10 (2000 + 1000) 3.31 = 99.300 N
R1
= 99300 x 1815 =
4505 N
10 x 4000
Moment of Inertia, Iy
= RL3
Modulus of section, Zy
48 Ed
Zy = R x ½ L/
=
4505 x (2200)3
=
158 cm4
= 4505 x 0.5 x 2200/140
48 x 2.1 x 105
x 3
= 35 cm3
< 37
Pilih :
Hollow metal
100 x 100 x 4.5 mm
dimana
Zy = 49.9 cm3
profil H
150 x 150 x 6.0 mm
Iy = 249 cm4
T
egangan tekuk rel
T
= 10 (2000 + 1000) 3.31/1545 = 64.3 N/mm2
< 140 (OK)
27. Contoh perhitungan balok pemisah
![Page 50: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
27.A. Daftar Penggunaan Separator Beam sebagai Pedoman
lift duty
F, at safety application
Separator beam, L
DBGSeparator beam
Hoist way dimensi dalam mm (kg/m)
kg @ m/s kg (Newton) depth mm mm hollow type (Square)
Wide flangeH beam
1800 @ 3.5 12890 (126,320) 2500 2515 125 x 125 x 4.5(16.6)
150 x 150 x 7.0(31.5)
1600 @ 5.0 12900 (126,420) 2400 2515 125 x 125 x 4.5(16.6)
150 x 150 x 7.0(31.5)
1350 @ 5.0 12180 (119,360) 2400 2215 125 x 125 x 3.2(12.0)
150 x 150 x 7.0(31.5)
1150 @ 3.5 11000 (107,800) 2250 2000 100 x 100 x 4.5(13.1)
125 x 125 x 6.5(23.8)
1000 @ 2.5 9000 (88,200) 2200 1815 100 x 100 x 3.2(9.5)
150 x 100 x 6.0(21.1)
900 @ 1.5 8000 (78,400) 2100 1815 100 x 100 x 2.3(6.9)
100 x 100 x 6.0(17.2)
600 @ 1.5 5700 (55,860) 1800 1800 75 x 75 x 2.3(5.14)
140 x 100 x 4.3(12.65)
450 @ 1.5 4300 (42,140) 1700 1610 75 x 75 x 2.3(5.14)
140 x 100 x 4.3(12.65)
![Page 51: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Asumsi : Lift kapasitas 1000 kg
Berat kereta = 2Q = 2 x 1000
= 2000 kg
Rel jenis K16, 16 kg/m, r
= 23 mm (lihat daftar)
A
= 2098 mm2
(lihat daftar)
Koef. kelangsingan = 130 = 3000 / 23 = 130 = 2.85 (lihat daftar)
T
EGANGAN TEKUK (buckling stress)
a. Luwes : T
= 1.5 x 9.81 (2000 + 1000) 2.85 = 60.5 N/mm2
< 140 (OK)
2078
b
. Kejut : T
= 2.5 x 9.81 (2000 + 1000) 2.85 = 100 N/mm2
< 140 (OK)
2078
28. Contoh perhitungan rel pemandu
T = 1.5g (P+Q) / A
![Page 52: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
28.A. Petunjuk Pemilihan Rel PemanduKapasitas maksimal
lift
Berat rel nominal (kg/m)Untuk kereta
Jarak rentang Untuk bobot imbang
Braket maks (m)
* Keterangan : T dalam N/mm2
type pesawat pengaman#1 atau #2
450 8.608.60
8.60 2.208.60 2.40
#1 T = 95#2 = 49
600 8.609.309.30
8.60 2.208.60 2.208.60 2.50
#1 140#2 55#2 56
750 10.6512.3012.30
10.65 2.609.30 3.0010.65 3.30
#1 122#2 87#2 78
1000 9.309.30
12.3012.3012.30
8.60 2.2010.65 2.4010.65 2.608.60 2.6010.65 3.0
#1 138#1 102#1 101#2 131#2 86
1350 17.8017.8022.70
13.50 3.6013.50 3.8018.00 4.00
#1 140#2 62#2 53
1600 18.022.7022.70
18.00 3.8013.50 3.8018.00 4.00
#1 146#2 76#2 63
![Page 53: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
28.B. Sifat-sifat Fisik Rel PemanduJenis Berat luas Momen inersia
Radius putaran(girasi)
rel (kg/m) irisan(cm2)
sumbu X = Ix
(mm4 x 104)sumbu Y = Iy
(mm4 x 104)rx
(mm)ry
(mm)
T 40/A *T 45/AT 50/A *T 50-6/A*T 75-3/B *T 70-3/BT 80/A *T 89/BT 90/AT 125/BT 127-1/BT 127-2/B *T 140-1/BT 140-2/BT 140-3/B
2.673.343.734.458.639.30
10.6512.3013.5018.0017.8022.7027.5032.7047.60
3.404.254.755.70
10.9911.5413.5615.7017.2022.9022.5028.9035.1043.2257.35
5.358.0811.2412.7740.3527.5080.0059.60102.50153.00187.00200.00403.00452.00946.00
2.173.845.256.33
26.4925.8038.8352.5057.80173.00151.00234.00310.00365.00488.00
7.959.50
14.90149015.515.0
16.9218.3024.4027.4826.5028.50297029.2029.20
12.5413.7815.4010.5419.2015.2024.2919.5018.3325.8428.6026.3033.8032.5040.60
![Page 54: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Jenis-jenis :A. Massive, synthetic rubber V < 30 m/mB. Spring buffer 45 < V < 75 m/mC. Hydraulic buffer 90 < V < 420 m/mD. Hydraulic + N-gas V > 420 m/m
Pit reaction, R = 4 g (P + Q)Contoh = 4 x 9.81 (2000 + 1000) = 120.000 N
29. PENYANGGA (buffer)
![Page 55: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
29.A. Daftar Jarak Langkah Peredam Hidrolis Kelajuan nominal
Dalam (m/s)Kelajuan lift
115%(m/m)
Langkah minimal(cm)
60 (1.0) 68 (1.1) 76 (1.3) 90 (1.5)
697887
103
6.98.9
10.815.8
105 (1.7) 120 (2.0) 140 (2.3) 150 (2.5)
120138160172
21.028.035.043.0
180 (3.0) 210 (3.5) 240 (4.0) 300 (5.0) 360 (6.0) 420 (7.0)
207240276345410480
63.084.0111.018.0
249.0340.0
![Page 56: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
30. Penyangga pegas untuk kecepatan maksimum 75 m/m
![Page 57: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
31. Hidrolik buffer untuk kecepatan diatas 420 m/m Menggunakan gas N
![Page 58: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
32. Gaya TumbukR
umus Newton
Isaec Newton (England, 1642-1727)
R
=
m (g + Vt2
/2s)
m
=
massa benda jatuh membentur
Vt
=
kecepatan tumbuk = 1.15% V nominal
s
=
stroke sesaat = 0.05 m
C
ontoh: Vn
= 90 m/m, Vt
= 103.5 m/m = 1.725 m/s
R
= 3000 9.81 + (1.725)2
/ 2 x 005
= 119.000 N
= ~ 120.000 N
![Page 59: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
33. Reaction pada lantai dasar pitR
=
120.000 N pada beton bertulang
Cosentrated load pressure, P
P max
=
300 lb/4 in2
=
53.000 kgf/m2
=
500.000 N/m2
L
uas bearing plate = 120.000 / 500.000 = 0.24 m2
Gunakan plat baja 50 x 50 cm atau
Profil kanal 2.0 m x 0.15 m, luas = 0.30 m2
> 0.24 m2
![Page 60: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
34. Pesawat Pengaman
Overspeed Governor
![Page 61: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
34.A. Pesawat Pengaman
![Page 62: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
35. Mesin Traksi Gearless
![Page 63: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
35.A. Mesin Traksi Geared
![Page 64: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
36.
(OTIS)
![Page 65: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
37. Variable Speed Geared (Schindler)
![Page 66: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
38. Mesin Traksi, Teknis : Geared
Roda gigi reduksi jenis ulir
(worm gear)
![Page 67: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Kecepatan Liftm/m
Kecepatan saatgovernor bekerja
m/m (m/s)
Kemerosotan keretadan jarak tempuh yang
dizinkan minimal-maksimal(m)
s/d 45s/d 90
s/d 105s/d 150s/d 210s/d 300s/d 360s/d 420
63 (1,05)118 (1,98)126 (2,1)200 (3,33)270 (4,55)360 (6,0)432 (7,2)500 (8,4)
0,25 - 1,100,20 -1,0
0,22 - 1,130,50 - 1,801,00 - 3,002,00 - 5,602,70 - 8,003,70 - 9,40
39. Daftar Jarak Tempuh Perhentian Kereta saat Pesawat Pengaman Bekerja
Sumber : SNI 03.2190 Rev 1999 dan ASME 17.1
![Page 68: 01.desain stvg](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102717/55c7c6f3bb61eb9b108b47f2/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
TERIMA KASIH atas PERHATIAN
PARA HADIRIN
Untuk Tanya Jawab, hubungi :
Ir. Sarwono Kusasi Hp.0818.0615.5187