Download - 081106 computer
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Basic Troubleshooting
TechniquesFreedom High SchoolSystems Management
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ObjectivesProvide basic tools and terms used in computer troubleshootingIdentify major internal and external computer components by sightVerbalize basic troubleshooting stepsList at least three resources to enlist in identifying and resolving a problem
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AgendaIntroductionsTroubleshooting BasicsHardwareCommon ProblemsPreventative MaintenanceSummary
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Speaking the Lingo
Being able to distinguish between the “alphabet soup” known as computing acronyms is importantOnline computing terminology sites
http://www.pcwebopedia.comhttp://www.whatis.com
Online acronym sitehttp://www.acronymfinder.com
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Hardware Components
OutputInput
•CPU
•Peripherals
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Troubleshooting BasicsSeven step processEasiest to HardestOutside In
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Seven Steps in TroubleshootingAnalysisProblem replication/identificationAction PlanImplementationTestingDocumentationFollow Up
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What to include in your documentation?
Hardware - workstations, servers, printers, and network devicesSoftware - operating systems and applicationsNetwork diagram - detailing cabling and showing the location of all hardware devices
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Physical Diagram Sample
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Cabling
Parallel Cable
Serial Cable
USB Cable PS 2 Mouse/Keyboard
Audio Jack Video Cable Network Cable Modem Cable
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Boot SequencePower On
CPU Wakes up
CPU gets POST order from BIOS
POST
Check Battery
Check BIOS Check internal Devices(HD,RAM, Ports, Mouse,Keyboard, etc.)
If ok, then find and load OS
OS loads, takes over and loads device drivers, etc. and then the desktop
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Common ProblemsCablesKeyboards and miceDisk DrivesOverheatingPower problemsElectromagnetic Interference (EMI)Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)Windows errorsDevice driversSpyware/Viruses
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CablesLooseBent PinsFailuresOut of PortsOrganization
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Bad Mouse
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Keyboard doesn't respond properly
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CD-ROM/Floppy Drive Issues
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OverheatingBlocked ventsDust Cooling fansPower supplyRoom temperaturePeripheral overload
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Power ProblemsBlack Out- Complete power failureBrown Out- Power “sags” below acceptable levels causing computer to rebootSurges or “Spikes”- Sudden surge of power (i.e. lightning strikes)
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Electromagnetic InterferenceCaused by high power sources like motors, high power lines, etc.Interfere with communication in some types of cablingCauses computer screens to “wobble” or pulse
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Electrostatic DischargeStatic clingEnvironmental causesPrevention
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Error Messages
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Computer displays a disk error or non-system disk message?
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Device DriversProvide the programs that helps the computer to “talk” to a peripheralCommon point of failureCan be difficult to fixCheck the manufacturer’s websites for notification of upgrades
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VirusesDifficult to fixEasy to preventImportant to understand and be aware ofCommon typesThe best defense
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SpywareScourge of the internetPlaced on your machine without knowledge or (usually) permission
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Preventative MaintenanceCleaningHard driveUpdates
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CleaningMouseKeyboardBoxMonitorPrinterOthers
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Hard Drive- Defragmentation
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Hard Drive- Scandisk
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Hard Drive- File MaintenanceDisk cleanupArchivingBackups
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Recommended ToolsCompressed airAlcohol or screen swabsSmall flashlightWire ties
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Final Thoughts
Think simple firstOutside inGather resourcesDocumentBe patient
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Resourceshttp://www.tomshardware.comhttp://www.more.nethttp://www.microsoft.comhttp://www.gateway.comhttp://www.dell.comhttp://www.cisco.com