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ALICE: Progress and Plans
Progress on
- Selected Detector Systems
- Infrastructure in Point 2
- CERN Hostlab responsibilities
6th ST Workshop, 1.4.2003 C.W Fabjan
Emphasis on the multifaceted collaboration with many CERN Technical Groups
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ALICE : AIM of RESEARCH
ALICE : A Large Ion Collider Experiment at LHCAim : through collisions very energetic nuclear matter ( Lead nuclei with Lead nuclei )→ compression and heating of nuclear matter→ induce ‘Phase Transition’ to ‘Quark-Gluon Plasma’→ create and study the properties of this new form of matter; thought to have filled all of our Universe 10-5 after Big Bang
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Implantation of ALICE in Point 2
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LAYOUT : 3D VIEW of ALICE
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ALICE Detectors : CERN ALICE Team Responsibilities
Pixels : are very small ( typically 0.05*0.2 mm2 ) silicon detection cells, used for very precise particle tracking
Alice has 10 Million such pixels in its ‘Pixel Detctor’
- Electronics Development with EP/ED
- Novel Connectivity with EST/DEM
- Consulting on metallurgical questions with EST/SM
- Cooling issues with ST/CV
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SCHEMATIC VIEW: PIXEL SENSORS coupled toREADOUT-CHIP with ‘SOLDER BUMPS’
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Pb-Sn Bump Bond
SEM Pictures(CERN, VTT)
Bonding Pad on ALICE Pixel Chip
P. Riedler
Work done in collaboration with EST/SM
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95
13.8
28
11
47
8
LASER DIODE
PILOT MCM (top view)
Laser + 2 pin diodes
DigPILOT
GOLAna
PILOTFlashADC
Space reserved for connectionsbetween mcm and extender
Space reserved for connectionsbetween pixel bus, mcm and extender
M. Morel
Novel connectivity developed by EST/DEM
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READOUT CHIP
PIXELS DETECTOR
CARBON FIBER SUPPORT
150 to 200µm
290µm
50µm
150 to 200µm
Thermal grease
glue
Aluminium
Kapton
Pixel bus connections
COOLING TUBE
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DETECTOR
PIXEL CHIPMCM
PIXEL BUS
COOLING TUBE
PIXEL BUS AND PILOT MCM CONNECTIONS (1)
SDM comp
LASER DIODE
0.28
0.50
Space reserved for connections between Pixel bus & MCM(DATA, CONTROL ,REF,JTAG)
0.430.35
0.10
0.23
PIXEL BUS POWER SUPPLY100 BONDING WIRES
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MODERN MATERIAL SUPPORT STRUCTURES NEAR VACUUM CHAMBER
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ALICE DETECTORS : CERN ALICE TEAM RESPONSIBILITIES
TPC (Time Projection Chamber) : distance of
tracks are ‘projected’ on (drift) ‘Time-Axis’ALICE is building the world’s largest ( 100 m3 ) TPC
‘Field Cage’ : Detector and Track Drift volume with 100 kV electrode
in collaboration with EP/TA2 (‘Technical Assistance)
Readout electronics : > 700,000 channels
complex signal processing detector developed in collaboration with EP/ED
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CONCEP OF THE TPC
E
B
Drahtkammer mit “Padauslese”
N–Messungen
Verbreiterung durch Diffusion
Ionization produced by charged particles is ‘projected’ under the influence of a strong electrical field on Readout planes
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ALICE TPC: Detectorspecifications
• Gas Ne/ CO2 90/10%• Driftfield 400V/cm: • Space resolution: = 0.2mm• Pads(inner): 4x7.5mm• Pads (outer): 6x15mm• Magnetfeld : bis 0.5T
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ALICE TPC:during constructionConstruction accurracy in z =250m
Drahtkammer: 40m
Endplates : 250m
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ALICE TPC READOUT CHIP (ALTRO) in EP/ED
010011010001011101010011010001011110010011010001011010
01001101000110111010110011000111001010011010 010011010001101110010 010011010001101110010 010011010001101110010
BaselineCorrection
I
+
–
TailCancellation
BaselineCorrection
II
ZeroSuppression
010011010001101110010010011010001101110010010011010001101110010
DataFormat
Memory+
Multi-EventBuffer
010011010001011101010011010001011110010011010001011010
01001101000110111010110011000111001010011010 010011010001101110010 010011010001101110010 010011010001101110010
BaselineCorrection
I
+
–
TailCancellation
BaselineCorrection
II
ZeroSuppression
010011010001101110010010011010001101110010010011010001101110010
DataFormat
Memory+
Multi-EventBuffer
MAX SAMPLING CLOCK 40 MHz
MAX READOUT CLOCK 60 MHz
HCMOS7 0.25 mm (ST)
area: 64 mm2
power: 16 mW / ch
prototype delivery: Feb ‘02
300 samples (4800 Ch) tested
delivery of 4x104 chips: Dec ‘02
10- bit20 MSPS
11- bit CA2arithmetic
18- bit CA2arithmetic
11- bitarithmetic
40-bitformat
40-bitformat
10-bitarithmetic
16-CH Signal Digitizer and Processor
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STM PRESS RELEASE
“STMicroelectronics Developes World’s Most Advanced Data Acquisition
System-on-Chip Jointly with the ALICE Experiment at CERN”
“Success in major scientific research project will benefit many aerospace,
Medical and industrial applications”
November 25, 2002
ad ALTRO
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TPC PERFORMANCE : UNDERSTANDING THE THERMAL ENVIRONMENT
• Operation of the TPC requires temperature stability at the 0.1 K level
• Collaboration with ST/CV
• Using the (probably) most advanced, public thermal simulation program to study thermal environment
- Inside L3 Volume
(led e.g. to water cooled bus bars inside L3;
to definition of air flux through L3)
• NEXT
- inside ITS (to be finished)
- inside Muon Spectrometer (also with Orsay
participation)
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Temperature map of the L3 Interior
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ALICE : Simulation of particle tracks
• Simulation of particle tracks
• Collision of Pb-Pb Ions
• Total number of particles:
• approx. 10 000/coll.
• Shown is ‘time slice’ of 1 %
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ALICE DETECTORS : CERN ALICE TEAM RESPONSIBILITIES
HMPID (High Momentum Particle Identification)Velocity measurement of Cherenkov light Cherenkov light emitted by medium, if velocity of particle is faster the
velocity of light in mediumcos θ (Cherenkov light) = c/(v (particle) n (refractive index))
(similar to shock wave of supersonic airplane)And momentum measurement
Allows mass (m) determination, which characterizes (‘identifies’) particle
Novel ‘ Imaging’ Technique developed in collaboration with EP/TA 1 EP/TA 2
2βγc m p
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PRINCIPLE of the ALICE RICH (HMPID) Light detection with CsI-Photocathodes on Pad-Plane
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CsI photocathode quantum efficiency
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8photon energy [eV]
CsI
ph
oto
cath
od
e Q
E
PC32 (@STAR)
PC33
PC34
PC35
PC37, PC39
PC38
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The Devil is in the DetailsThe Devil is in the Details
gold front gold front surface (0.4 surface (0.4
m)m)
nickel barrier layer nickel barrier layer (7(7m)m)
multilayer multilayer pcb with pcb with metalized metalized holesholes
CsCsII
Photocathode PCBsPhotocathode PCBssplit into two multilayersplit into two multilayercircuits (SMD connectors for FEE cards)circuits (SMD connectors for FEE cards)
GROUND PLANEGROUND PLANE40 c
m40 c
m
60 cm60 cm
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The HMPID proto-3 ( one sub-module of final detector) fully equipped with the full FEE/RO chain (3840
channels)
FEE (GASSIPLEX) cards
MCM (DILOGIC) card
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ALICE: INFRASTRUCTURE / HOSTLAB RESPONSIBILITIES
Hostlab responsibilities :formal responsibilities, such as providing
correct working environment; safe, useable Experimental Hall…
‘informal’ responsibilities : contribute to the success of visiting groups using CERN as their research facility;
- aim to cover activities, frequently not possible at outside institutes and for which CERN has the appropriate facilities and expertise
Success of CERN depends to a large degree on the perception of our outside colleagues on how well CERN manages their informal, collaborative responsibilities.
•Major engineering tasks
•Special technology groups with their expertise
•Special workshops as incubator for new technologies
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ALICE:PROGRESS ON INFRASTRUCTURE/HOSTLAB RESPONSIBILITIES
Cooling : in collaboration with ST/CV needs understood, workpackages (‘EP
definition’) established construction to start
Gas : in collaboration with EP/TA1 and ST /CV gas pipe routing essentially finished
Electricity : needs understood, workpackages established rack power distribution in collaboration with ST/EL
Cabling : major effort, for which we need to be included in the ST/EL cabling contract Detector Control: In collaboration with AT, IT,STSafety Detectors : in collaboration with ST/MACivil engineering: done by ST/CE
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Services Integration(2)
LV Bus Bars for the TPC, TRD & TOF detectors
Cooling fluid & gas pipes
DDL Fiber optic cables
Cables to CTPRB26 side of Detector
S. Maridor EST/IC & D. Gabriele EST/LEA
EXAMPLE: SERVICES THROUGH RB26 SIDE
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Pre-assembly of dipole magnet
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Muon magnet on special ST/CE base
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ALICE : Infrastructure / Hostlab responsibilities
• Transport and Cranes : collaboration with ST/HM
Transport : requirements for ALICE lees demanding
compared to ATLAS /CMS; but need availability of a 40- ton trailer for efficient
operation at Point 2
Crane operators : we have a highly professional Team at Point 2; Knowledge of experiment, environment and collaborators is essential for continued quality therefore
contracts must guarantee continuity over several years
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INTEGRATION : KEY MILESTONES FOR TECHNICAL COORDINATION IN 2003
April : Tendering of LV Bus Bars;Tendering of Muon Absorber Components
April: Muon Magnet Yoke arrives at CERN
May/June: Space frame and auxiliary Service frames assembled at CERN
July: Start of Bus Bard Installation on RB26 side
August: Muon Magnet Coils arrive at CERN
October:Power Tests of Muon Magnet
4th Q: install big support rails Close L3 RB 26 doorsConstruct Muon Spectrometer foundation
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ALICE :Conclusions
• ALICE, as the other LHC experiments, has progressed through the efficient, fruitful collaboration with ST and other CERN Technical groups
• ALICE, as the other LHC experiments, can only become reality through continued, successful collaboration with a large spectrum of CERN groups
• CERN will be judged by the quality of fulfilling its responsibility towards and expectations as Hostlab for the ~1200 ALICE collaborators
• CERN-ALICE Team is looking forward to a continued fruitful collaboration with ST Division during 2003, which will be a very critical year for ALICE