07/15/2016
Products Solutions Services
INTERNAL
Installation considerations for hazardous areas
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 1 P.Conen
07/15/2016INTERNAL
The world of hazardous classification Classification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 2 P.Conen
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ATEX / IEC Ex Device declarationClassification of Hazardous Areas
Use the deviceunder ground or above ground ?
In which Zoneyou can use the device ?
How the device is designed to avoid an explosion ?
What is the max ignitionenergy can be exposed from the device ?
What max ignition surface temp can appear on the device ? Ta & Tp !!!
In which Zone you can use the device ?
Equipment group
Equipment category
Protection Type
Gas group Temperature class
Equipment Protection Level
ATEX II 1/2G Ex de IIC T2-T6 Ga/GbIECEx - - Ex de IIC T2-T6 Ga/GbExplosion Protection
(CP00021Z)- 18 12-15 6 6 18
Explanation table based on Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
Slide 3 P.Conen
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Equipment group - ATEXClassification of Hazardous Areas
I• Under ground (mining, etc) • Special requirements to the housing, besides Ex.• E+H does not provide instruments
II • all above ground applications• E+H does provide instruments
IECEx covers this equipment class classification (e.g. Ga/Gb)
Slide 4 P.Conen
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Zone Classification according to ATEX
Zones are classified according the probability of the occurrence of explosive mixtures
Zone 0
Zone 1Zone 2
Fluid
Occurrence of explosive
atmosphere
Gas mixtures
Dust mixtures
Not likely to occur or only for short
periodZone 2 Zone 22
Likely to occur occasionally Zone 1 Zone 21
Continuously or for long periods or
frequentlyZone 0 Zone 20
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 5 P.Conen
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Equipment classification according to ATEX
Equipment category Group IMining industry
Group II(IIA/IIB/IIC)
Gas-/Dust-ExNormal level ofprotection (safe without fault)
3G/3DNormal level ofprotection (safe without fault)
High level of protection (safe with 1 fault) M2 2G/2D
Very high level of protection (safe with 2
faults)M1 1G/1D
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 6 P.Conen
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Equipment classification according to IEC
Equipment category Group IMining industry
Group II(IIA/IIB/IIC)
Gas-Ex
Group III(IIIA/IIIB/IIIC)
Dust-ExNormal level ofprotection (safe without fault)
Gc Dc
High level of protection (safe with 1 fault) Mb Gb Db
Very high level of protection (safe with 2
faults)Ma Ga Da
Ignition energyIIC>IIB>IIA
• IIIA flyings• IIIB non –conductive
dusts• IIIC conductive dusts
(IIIC>IIIB>IIIA)
Classification of Hazardous Areas
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Equipment designation to zones
Gas - Ex
Zone 0 Zone 1 Zone 2ATEX category 1G 1G or 2G 1G or 2G or 3G
IEC (EPL*) Ga Ga or Gb Ga or Gb or Gc
Dust - Ex
Zone 20 Zone 21 Zone 22ATEX category 1D 1D or 2D 1D or 2D or 3D
IEC (EPL*) Da Da or Db Da or Db or Dc
* EPL = Equipment Protection Level
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 8 P.Conen
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Classification of flammable gases, vapors, mistsClassification of Hazardous Areas
Hot surface Sparks
Ignition temperature Ignition energy
Temperature classT1 … T6
Gas-GroupA … C
Slide 9 P.Conen
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Ignition temperature – surface temperatureClassification of Hazardous Areas
Fuels Apparatus
Ignition temperature
of gas
Ignition temperature Temperature class Max. surface temperature
Surface temperature depends on:• Ambient
temperature
• Process temperature
• Internal heating sources (e.g. electrical components)
>450°C
>300°C … ≤450°C
>200°C … ≤300°C
>135°C … ≤200°C
>100°C … ≤135°C
>85°C … ≤100°C
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
450°C
300°C
200°C
135°C
100°C
85°C
Slide 10 P.Conen
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Ignition temperature – surface temperatureClassification of Hazardous Areas
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
T1>450°C
T2 >300°C ≤450°C
T3 >200°C ≤300°C
T4 >135°C ≤200°C
T5 >100°C ≤135°C
T6 >85°C ≤100°C
Ignition temperature of gas
Surface temperature of apparatus
Slide 11 P.Conen
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Minimum ignition energyClassification of Hazardous Areas
Ignition energy in relation to hydrogen and propane air/gas concentration
Slide 12 P.Conen
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Explosive concentrations of flammable mixturesClassification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 13 P.Conen
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Classification of flammable gases and dusts in groups Classification of Hazardous Areas
Gas groupEurope/IEC North America Min. ignition energy Examples
CA > 10 μJoules Acetylene,
Carbon disulphide
B > 20 μJoules Hydrogen
B C > 60 μJoules Ethylether,Ethylene
A D > 160 μJoulesAcetone, Ammonia, Benzene, Butane,
Cyclopropane, Ethanol, Gasoline, Hexane, Methanol Naphtha, Propane
Dust groupEurope/IEC North America Kind of dust Examples
- E Metal dusts -
- F Coal dusts -
- G Others -
Slide 14 P.Conen
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Classification of flammable gases, vapors, mists
Classification of gases and vapors inexplosion groups and temperature classes
Gas-group T1(>450°C)
T2(>300°C ≤450°C)
T3(>200°C ≤300°C)
T4(>135°C ≤200°C)
T5(>100°C ≤135°C)
T6(>85°C ≤100°C)
I Methane
II A AcetoneEthaneAmmoniaBenzeneEthanic acidEthylacetateKohlenoxydMethanolPropaneToluol
Ethyl alcoholi-Amylacetatn-Butanen-Butylalkohol
GasolineDiesel fuelAircraft fuelHeating oiln-Hexane
AcetaldehydeEther
II B Lighting gas EthylEthyl oxyd
Ethyl glycol Ethyl ether
II C Hydrogen Acetylene Carbon disulphide
Ex IIB T3
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 15 P.Conen
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Protection typesClassification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 16 P.Conen
Protection measures Gas-Ex marking example
air
pPressurized apparatus EEx p T5electrical parts are purged and pressurized with a protective gas (air or inert gas)Installation: purge and pressure control/shut down device
powder
Powder filling EEx q T4electrical parts are submersed in a quartz powder
oil
Oil immersion EEx o T3electrical parts are submersed in oil
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Protection typesClassification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 17 P.Conen
Increased safety Ex e T4prevention of ignition sources by fail safe design (only simple electric components)Intrinsic safety Ex ia IIC T4Limitation of the energy stored in the electrical circuits„simple“ apparatus, „associated“ apparatus, safety barriersInstallation: safety values (Uo, Io, Po, Lo, Co) and clearences
Advantage: Hot plugging for Ex ia, ib, ic without permission in the hazardous area!
Flameproof enclosure Ex db IIC T6internal explosion is confined by solid and flame tight enclosureInstallation: Ex d cable entry or conduit systems or Ex e terminal
Protection measures Gas Ex marking example
07/15/2016INTERNAL
Types of protection of electrical apparatus
Type of protectionGas atmosphere
(Equipment category / EPL)Dust atmosphere
(Equipment category / EPL)1G / Ga 2G / Gb 3G / Gc 1D / Da 2D / Db 3D /Dc
Flameproof enclosures da db dcIncreased safety eb ecIntrinsically safety ia ib ic ia ib icEncapsulation ma mb mc ma mb mcOil immersion obPowder filling qbPressurized enclosures pxb/pyb pzc pb pcProtection by enclosure ta tb tcEnergy limited apparatus nLRestricted breathing enclosures nRNon sparking apparatus nASparking apparatus nC
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 18 P.Conen
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Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)Classification of Hazardous Areas
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Slide 19 P.Conen
Cover sheet
07/15/2016INTERNAL
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)Classification of Hazardous Areas
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Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)Classification of Hazardous Areas
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Slide 21 P.Conen
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Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)Classification of Hazardous Areas
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Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)Classification of Hazardous Areas
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Slide 24
07/15/2016INTERNAL
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)Classification of Hazardous Areas
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Slide 24 P.Conen
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07/15/2016INTERNAL
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)Classification of Hazardous Areas
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