1
CRITICAL THINKING
Amy Culp, RD, LD
sCULPture Nutrition & Fitness
www.sCULPturetexas.com
Critical Thinking
A disciplineA skill
An art
Purpose & Assumptions Purpose & Assumptions Purpose -Teach critical thinking process as it applies to Purpose -Teach critical thinking process as it applies to completing WIC nutritional counseling completing WIC nutritional counseling
Assumes audience knows:Assumes audience knows:
Basic nutrition and risk factorsBasic nutrition and risk factors
Rules and requirements of WIC programsRules and requirements of WIC programs
Data collection and processing techniques used to Data collection and processing techniques used to determine eligibility and provide participants with WIC determine eligibility and provide participants with WIC benefitsbenefits
The method used enables the learner to understand critical The method used enables the learner to understand critical thinking. thinking.
ObjectivesObjectivesUpon completion of the critical thinking module you should be able to:Upon completion of the critical thinking module you should be able to:
Define critical thinking in your own wordsDefine critical thinking in your own words
Identify how critical thinking allows for consideration of Identify how critical thinking allows for consideration of multiple factors when problem-solving multiple factors when problem-solving
Describe the thought process used in the critical thinking Describe the thought process used in the critical thinking model model
Identify and apply critical thinking steps to organize and Identify and apply critical thinking steps to organize and synthesize information received. synthesize information received.
Evaluate what was received and develop and prioritize a Evaluate what was received and develop and prioritize a nutrition intervention plan. nutrition intervention plan.
Definitions Definitions
A disciplined process of organizing and A disciplined process of organizing and synthesizing information to evaluate and to synthesizing information to evaluate and to prioritize the information appropriatelyprioritize the information appropriately
Critical Critical thinkingthinking must have a purpose and must have a purpose and endend, a , a reasonreason for designing a response for designing a response
6
Elements of Critical Thinking
In all cases where critical thinking is used, the common elements are;– Analysis of
information
– Evaluation
– Creativity
Critical Thinking PathwayCritical Thinking PathwayIdentifies and extracts pertinent
information and data from all sources
Discardirrelevant information
Know when to seek additional information
and seek it
Make decisions about participant risks
Develop counselingintervention plan
Distinguish accuraterelevant information
Activity 1
Assessing the relevance – case studies 1 & 2.
9
Three year old boy with 10 mcg/dl blood lead level - Relevant Facts
Valid MRF w/blood lead result - RelevantWatches 4 hours of TV per dayStill drinks from bottlePlays outside on front lawn at least 2 hours per day - RelevantPaint chips on window sills - RelevantWants to eat cereal at every mealSometimes chews toys - Relevant
10
Mom is very concerned about weight - Relevant Facts
• Pre-Pregnant Ht. = 5’ 5”• Pre-Pregnant Wt. = 178 lbs. (valid, relevant and risk)• Date of Delivery – October 21, (valid and relevant)• Wt. on October 21 = 185 lbs. (may or may not be
relevant - may be PG weight)• Infant’s weight at birth = 10 lbs. 9 oz. (risk, valid, but
not relevant to mom’s concern)• Hgb. Result from October 14 = 10.8 (not
relevant)
11
Mom is very concerned about weight - Relevant Facts
• Diagnosis of Toenail Fungus being treated with topical ointment effects walking. (relevant)
• No longer taking prenatal vitamin (not relevant)• She states that she is allergic to eggs (not relevant)• Likes whole milk (relevant)
12
Activity 2Using critical thinking
w/participantsScenario:
You are working with a pregnant woman. You notice she looks worn out. She has a bruise under her eye and several bruises on one arm. She is underweight and acts unsure of herself. She does not make eye contact with you.
Is she HIGH RISK?
13
When participants present multiple variables we have to consider we use a WIC Thinking Process to help us
Positive Nutrition Outcome
WIC Thinking Process Thinking Process• Written material• Interview answers• Participant history• Vital statistics• Mannerisms• Observation
Information from
Participant
• Nutrition and Medical knowledge• Life Skills• Interaction ability• Critical thinking• Education and training
• Nutrition• Assumptions• Behavior• How WIC operates• What system requires for participation
Personal Knowledge
WIC Knowledge
15
Is to study our conceptual thought process How?
Consider the thought tools we use
Another way to analyze, evaluate, and create solutions
Integrating Facts
Autonomous Thinking
Observations
Informed Opinions
Active Listening
Questioning
Process of Critical Process of Critical ThinkingThinking
ReachInformedUnbiased
Conclusions
17
Tools we use in Critical Tools we use in Critical ThinkingThinking
INTEGRATING FACTS
Include all relevant facts:
Height
Weight
Hemoglobin/Hematocrit
Medical conditions
18
Tools we use in Critical Tools we use in Critical ThinkingThinking
INFORMED OPINION
It is acceptable to use opinions to form thoughts but they should be based on information you obtain from the participant not assumptions you make about them.
19
Tools we use in Critical Tools we use in Critical ThinkingThinking
ACTIVE LISTENING
Pay close attention to what the participant is telling you is going on with them so the intervention you work on is best suited to address their need.
20
Tools we use in Critical Tools we use in Critical ThinkingThinking
OBSERVATIONS
Observations assist us in making an assessment. However, they must be validated. Our observations help us formulate questions that can get to the heart of a matter.
21
Tools we use in Critical Tools we use in Critical ThinkingThinking
QUESTIONING
Good questions help us uncover important information and details needed to create and effective intervention.
Good questions also help establish facts and sort out what is relevant information.
22
Tools we use in Critical Tools we use in Critical ThinkingThinking
AUTONOMOUS THINKING
This is a reliance on your own evaluation of the information to draw conclusions and design solutions.
Activity 3Activity 3
Video Scenario:
After the video we will discuss our analysis of the situation, evaluate what we know or need to know, and create a solution for the assessment process.