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Kidnap Analysis and Hostage
Survival
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Major Philippe PACAUDChief of the French Gendarmerie Afghanistan training cell
- Abroad experience:- UNIPTF (Bjieljina District cdr) - UNMIK police (spoksman)- EUBAM Rafah (SMSO)- EULEX Kosovo (chief ops in Mitrovica)- ISAF ( POMLT/PAT cdr Kapisa)- MALI (Bamako C/P)
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
List methods to detect/avoid surveillance
List Do and Don’t during the capture phase
List Do and Don’t during the captivity phase
List Do and Don’t during the transfer
List Do and Don’t during the release phase
List Do and Don’t during an armed rescue
List What to do in case of a successful evasion
A G E N D A
1 – KIDNAPPING GENERALITY
2 – KIDNAPPING PREVENTION
3 – KIDNAPPING PHASES DESCRIPTION
1 – KIDNAPPING GENERALITY
11 – VALUE OF AN HOSTAGE RANSOM PROPAGANDA HUMAN SHIELD INFORMATION / INTELLIGENCE RELIGIOUS BELIEF POLITICAL CONCESSIONS TRADE FOR ALLIES BEING HELD CAPTIVE Etc....
12 – WHEN DO HOSTAGES GET TAKEN AFTER SURVEILLANCE AND PLANNING AFTER A FAILED CRIMINAL ACT WRONG PLACE, WRONG TIME ANY TIME - ANYWHERE
2 – KIDNAPPING PREVENTION
21 – TARGET SELECTION AND SURVEILLANCE
TARGET GENERAL SECURITY AWARENESS
TARGET RESIDENCE AND WORKPLACE
TARGET TRANSPORTION MEANS
TARGET ROUTES TO AND FROM
PLACES THE TARGET FREQUENTS
SOFT/HARD TARGET.
22 – PREVENT SURVEILLANCE
CHANGE DAILY ROUTINE
TRY NOT TO ATTRACT ATTENTION• Timings• Routes• Places
BE CONFIDENT WITH YOUR AREA
BE FAMILAR WITH WHAT IS NORMAL IN YOUR AREA
BE AWARE OF SUPPORTING LOCAL PEOPLE• Drivers• Language assistant• Guards
23 – MEASURES TO REACT TO A SURVEILLANCE
IN PUBLIC PLACE ON VEHICLE• Change the speed and observe reaction• At roudabout, drive twice around and observe• Sudden stop and observe
IN PUBLIC PLACE ON FOOT• Use crowded area and chek for followers• Sudden stop/Back and observe
ONCE YOU SUSPECT OR HAVE A CONFIRMATION• Run for a safe place• Do not face the suspected threat• Report back to HQ (duty officer, MSO, etc...)
3 – KIDNAPPING PHASES
31 – The abduction
Resist, Escape or Surrender ?• Environmental factor• Situational factor• Personal factor
Transportation:• By different means• Orientation• Benaviour
YOUR REACTION TO ABDUCTION
MAY INCLUDE• Confusion
• Anger
• Fear
SHOCK OF CAPTUREFIRST 48 HOURS ARE
THE MOST DANGEROUS
32 – DETENTION
Captivity, living condition
• The detention site
• The organization
• Intimidation and Physical attack
• Food and Water
• Hygiene
• Rest
PRESSURES EXPERIENCED IN CAPTIVITY
• System induced:
o Unaccustomed discipline
o Enforced cooperation
o Confinement
o Isolation
o Abuse, physical and mental
o Lack of sleep
o Poor diet
o Dislocation of expectation
• Self inducedo Fear
o Loneliness and despair
o Boredom
o Mistrust
DEPRESSION
YOUR GOAL IS TO SURVIVE
• Establish a rapport• Humanize yourself• Outwardly do not disagree• Find a common bond• Encourage them to appraciate you• Pretend to understand your captors
• Adopt a passive acceptance
• Survive with dignity
• Maintain a passive control
• Outwardly be cooperative
• Consider to escape
SURVIVING CAPTIVITY
• SELF DISCIPLINE• Hygiene• Fitness• Routine
• THINK ABOUT• What to talk about• What not to talk about• Negociate (food, comfort, newspapers,
etc....)
• REMAIN POSITIVE
SURVIVING CAPTIVITY
• THINGS TO DO• Be the grey man, do not stand out
• Stay focused and in control of your action
• Adjust and Adapt
• If you are with mate:• Work as a team: share responsability, protect team
member• Try to diffuse any difficult situations
• Gather information (important for further investigation after the release)
• Location: area, building, room, other details• Captors: nupber, names, description, behaviour...etc...• Weapons, equipment: type, condition, etc...
SURVIVING CAPTIVITY
• THINGS NOT TO DO
• Antagonize your captors
• Get involved in argument
• Compromise the others
• Do anything foolish or life threatening
33 – THE TRANSFER (S)
WHY ? Pressure Logistic difficulties Trade Release...
HOW Car, trucks, foot... Hooding blindfolding
COULD BE OPPORTUNITY
• Escape• Alert
EFFECT
• Dislocation of expectation
• Re-start again• Negative emotions
33 – THE RELEASE
PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO INSTRUCTION
YOU MAY LEAVE COLLEAGUE BEHIND Recall attention Don’t feel guilty Accept it
DO AS YOU ARE TOLD
CRITICAL PHASE They are loosing bargaining chip They feel exposed
34 – ARMED RESCUE
IF YOU HEAR GUNS FIRE OR EXPLOSION
• GO ON THE GROUND AND FREEZE
• HANDS VISIBLE
• DO NOT GET INVOLVED
• FOLLOW ORDERS AND INSTRUCTION
35 – ESCAPE
CHOICE TO RISK LIFE: Yours/others
IF YOU SEE CONDITIONS / OPPORTUNITY
• MOVE FAST AND BE AGRESSIVE
• PUT DISTANCE IN BETWEEN BEFORE YOU STOP
• LISTEN – WATCH – REMAIN IN COVER AND DECIDE....
• CAUTIOUS APPROACH TO PEOPLE
36 – POST RELEASE - RESCUE
INTENSIVE DEBRIEF
MEDICAL TREATMENT
PSHYCOLOGICAL ASPECT
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FINAL THOUGHTS
PAY ATTENTION TO YOUR SECURITY
SHOW THAT YOU ARE IN ALERT
REDUCE THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR HOSTAGE TAKERS
BE A HARD TARGET
STAY ALIVE
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
List methods to detect/avoid surveillance
List Do and Don’t during the capture phase
List Do and Don’t during the captivity phase
List Do and Don’t during the transfer
List Do and Don’t during the release phase
List Do and Don’t during an armed rescue
List What to do in case of a successful evasion
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DON’T BE PARANOIAC
QUESTIONS