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Evolution of W-European River Basin Management
Toine SMITSDept. Sustainable Management of Resources
RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN, THE NETHERLANDS
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Contents• Traditional river basin management (RBM)• Transition towards sustainable RBM• Optimising transition process; Co-creation
experiment “Wealthy Waal” – Linking short term gains with long term objectives– Engagement of local actors/stakeholders– Identify win-win situations
• Conclusions
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Drainage of The Fens (Britain)
Cornelius Vermuyden
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Renė Decartes (1596-1650)
“I think, therefore I am”
“Mastery over nature; …nature has only one purpose and that is to serve man…”
Solving complex problems by changing nature
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Traditional river management in Germany (river regulations) River regulations Germany
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Loss of hydrological resilience and biodiversity
Impact of river regulations Rhine (Weil-Breisach section)
<1860
>1860
>1965
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Hi, boss..it’s me…..perhaps we should reconsider our strategy…
Traditional approach in pictures
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“Integrated Rhine program”,Germany
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Nijmegen “embraces” the river….
City center (present)
River boulevard
City center (future)
River boulevard
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Not taking the lead… But coaching co-creation….
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Nijmegen
Main transport route;-165.000 ships/y-150 mil ton cargo/y Opening Stadswaard
Sand excavation
“Flood proof” housing
Nature, recreation& agriculture
Waal river
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“Wealthy Waal” project
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Playing rules “Wealthy Waal” project
• Focus on river system and transparent planning process
• All partners participate in a Community of Ownership (CoO).– CoO comprises representatives of entrepreneurs,
administrators, civil servants and experts.• Apply the Framework of Strategic Sustainable
Development (The Natural Step).
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Support for “Wealthy Waal” project
Partners “Wealthy Waal”
; Radboud University, Province of Gelderland, City region Arnhem-Nijmegen, Region Rivierenland, Waterboard Rivierenland, 15 cities along the Waal river, Ministry of Infrastructure & Environment, “Live with Water” grant program.
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Development group
Regional administrati
on
National
European
Co-creation; the “Wealthy Waal” project,investing in the interface “bottom-up” and “top-down”
Community facilitators
“Wealthy Waal” project
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Digital Map-Table for hydraulic assessment
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Co-creation of stakeholdersWealthy Waal experiment;Results
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Flood proof landscape (Tiel)
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Solving the nature-safety dillemma
NijmegenHydraulic resistance caused by forest
Highway A50
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Conditions for a successful co-creation process
• CoO’s; Joint visioning and common language with respect to sustainability.
• Flexible time windows for project management.• Allocate funds beyond political time windows • Strategic leadership
Vice governor Prov of GelderlandMr. Co Verdaas
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Conclusions(1)
• Attitude towards nature– Fundamental shift in environmental ethics;
“mastery over nature” towards “stewardship of nature”.
Ref: “Exploring the relationship between public environmental ethics and river flood policies in western Europe”. Mirjam de Groot et al.,
Journal of Environmental Management 93 (2011)
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Conclusions (2)
• Process of co-creation– Need of a new style of project management– Experts focus more on facilitation of joint design
and adaptation measures– Involvement of new “value” criteria; apart from
monetary also cultural and spiritual values.
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Thanks for your attention and hospitality !!!
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C1 ...concentrations of substances extracted from the Earth’s crust,
C2 ...production of persistent compounds ,
C3...degradation of the ecosystem,
C4...people are not subject to conditions that systematically undermine their capacity to meet their needs.
In a sustainable society, policies and economies are geared towards a systematically decrease of...
and, in that society...
Conditions to open the route towards sustainable development..4 sustainability principles
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Awareness
Baseline
Creative Solutions
Decide on Priorities
Present
Future
-Is it in the right direction?-Is it a flexible platform?-Is it a good return on investment?
A,B,C,D, approach..A,B,C,D steps
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Exploring the relationship between public environmental ethics and river flood policies in western EuropeMirjam de Groot et al.,Journal of Environmental Management 93 (2011) N=1811
Mastery over nature human beings stand above nature and may use it as they please, unfettered by moral restraints.
Stewardship of nature human beings have the responsibility to take care of nature towards God or future generations.
Partnership of nature is a metaphor for an equal relationship between human beings and nature: they work together in a dynamic process of mutual development
Participation in nature. Participation in nature, human beings are part of nature in the sense that the connected- ness with nature gives meaning to the Participant’s life
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“Madurodam” (The Hague)
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Most famous Dutch engineer… Hansje Brinker
Statue “Hansje Brinker”, Spaarndam
“Madurodam”The Hague
Hans Brinker
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< 1860 >1860 >1900
Overview Rhine river regulations (upper Rhine)River regulations Germany
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Resupply of bedload downstream Iffezheim
260.000 ton/y
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Lowering groynes to increase water discharge capacity
Lowering of groynes c. 2 m
Waal river
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Digital Map-Table for hydraulic assessment
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Solving the nature-safety dillemma
NijmegenHydraulic resistance caused by forest
Highway A50
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3 scenario’s for increasing water discharge capacity (Druten)