Download - 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
![Page 1: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 1/42
Chapter 12
The Cell Cycle
![Page 2: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 2/42
Cell Division
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgLJrvoX_qo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DD3IQknCEdc
Interphase Prophase Prometaphase
Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis
![Page 3: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 3/42
Cell Division
Cell Division – creation of new cells (daughter cells)
by division of pre-existing cell (parent cell)
Why do cells divide?
Do cells divide continuously?
Parent Cell
Daughter Cells
![Page 4: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 4/42
Why do cells divide?
Cell Division – creation of new cells (daughter cells)
by division of pre-existing cell (parent cell)
Purposes:
Growth of multicellular organisms
Repair of damaged tissues and
renewal of old cells
Reproduction – production of offspring
Asexual – utilizes mitosis
Sexual – utilizes meiosis
Parent Cell
Daughter Cells
![Page 5: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 5/42
Do Cells Divide Continuously?
Cell Division Stage – M (mitotic) Stage
Division of the nucleus (division of genetic material)
Mitosis – used for asexual reproduction, growth and repair
Meiosis – used for sexual reproduction
Division of the cytoplasm – Cytokinesis
Preparation Stage – Interphase
![Page 6: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 6/42
Interphase: Preparing for Cell
Division
G1 of Interphase (gap 1) - Interval of Growth
Number of organelles doubles
Materials (such as proteins) needed for DNA synthesis are
produced Stage at which normal cell functions occur
S of Interphase (synthesis) - DNA Replication
Chromosomes (DNA and proteins) are duplicated
G2 of Interphase (gap 2) - Preparation for Division
Proteins needed for cell division (such as tubulin) aresynthesized
![Page 7: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 7/42
The Cell Cycle
What is G0 ?
Stage occupied by cells that are arrested (not dividing)
Cells can perform normal functions in this stage
![Page 8: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 8/42
Mitosis & MeiosisKeeping it all straight!
The lifecycle of sexually reproducing organisms requires
two kinds of nuclear division – mitosis and meiosis
MEIOSIS
(2n n)
Egg Sperm
Gameteshaploid (n)
Fertilized eggdiploid (2n)
Cell divisionsresponsible for growth(addition of somatic cells)
In animals, meiosis occurs priorto production of eggs and sperm
Adultdiploid (2n)
The key to keeping
it all straight…
knowing the
terminology !
![Page 9: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 9/42
Genetic Material Terminology
Chromosome – single, long molecule of DNA and its
associated proteins (linear in eukaryotes); this DNA-
protein complex is called chromatin
Non-Dividing Cells (Interphase): diffuse, threadlike DNA
Dividing Cells (M phase): chromosomes are in duplicated
and condensed form
NOTE: Table 12.1 in your text is very helpful!
![Page 10: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 10/42
Chromatin
DNA
histonecore
DNA
Non-Dividing
Dividing
Length of DNA in one human cell = ~2 m!
![Page 11: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 11/42
Genetic Material Terminology
Each chromosome contains a particular set of genes
Gene – a section of DNA that carries instructions for
building a protein (influences hereditary traits)Example: flower color gene
Allele – different versions of the same gene
Example: “white” allele and “purple” allele
![Page 12: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 12/42
Genetic Material Terminology
The human genome* contains
46 chromosomes
Different species have different
numbers of chromosomes
*genome - complete set of genetic information
karyotype of human cell
SpeciesChromosome Number
(Diploid)
Human 46
Kangaroo 12
Shrimp 254
Mosquito 6
Algae 148
Pea 14
![Page 13: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 13/42
Genetic Material Terminology
The chromosomes are
arranged in pairs called
homologouschromosomes
karyotype of human cell
![Page 14: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 14/42
Genetic Material Terminology
Homologous Chromosomes – pair of same “kind” of
chromosomes – similar in size, shape, and gene
content (Note: alleles may differ)
one chromosome is inherited from mother
one chromosome is inherited from father
![Page 15: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 15/42
Genetic Material Terminology
Each chromosome may exist in…
An unduplicated form (prior to DNA replication in S phase or
after cell division), or…
A duplicated form (following S phase)
Each copy is called a chromatid
one chromosome (unduplicated)
one chromosome (duplicated)
chromatid
![Page 16: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 16/42
Genetic Material Terminology
Sister chromatids – the two chromatids
of a duplicated chromosome
Contain identical genetic information
Associated with one another along
entire length
Centromere – specialized region at which sister
chromatids are joined
Kinetochore – protein complexes on either side
of centromere; site at which spindle fibers attach
(more later…)
![Page 17: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 17/42
Homologous Chromosomes v.
Sister Chromatids
![Page 18: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 18/42
Ploidy
Ploidy – number of sets of chromosomes in a cell
Cells that have two chromosomes of each “kind” (i.e. have
homologous pairs of chromosomes) are called diploid (2n)
Example: somatic (body) cells
Cells that have one chromosome of each “kind” are called
haploid (n)Example: gametes (sperm and egg)
What is the value of n for humans?
![Page 19: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 19/42
Human Lifecycle:Diploid & Haploid Stages
![Page 20: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 20/42
DNA Replication in S Phase
How many
chromosomes are in
each cell?Count the centromeres!
4 replicatedchromosomes
4 unreplicatedchromosomes
Are these cells haploidor diploid?
How do you know?
![Page 21: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 21/42
Lifecycle of Sexually Reproducing Organisms:
Requires Mitosis and Meiosis
MEIOSIS(2n n)
Amount o f
hereditary m aterial
is reduced by half
Egg Sperm
Gameteshaploid (n)
Normal amount of
hereditary m aterial
is restored Fertilized eggdiploid (2n)
Cell divisionsresponsible for growth(addition of somatic cells)
In animals, meiosis occurs priorto production of eggs and sperm
Adultdiploid (2n)
![Page 22: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 22/42
Mitosis & Meiosis
Mitosis - used for growth, repair, & asexual
reproduction
duplication division
2n 2n
Meiosis - used for sexual reproduction reduction division
2n n
![Page 23: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 23/42
Mitosis: Features
Occurs in somatic (body) cells -
involved in growth and repair
Produces 2 daughter nuclei
Daughter nuclei are diploid (like
parent nucleus)
Daughter cells are clones
(genetically identical) of parent
cell and each other
![Page 24: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 24/42
Mitosis: Overview
G1 S PHASE AND G2 MITOSIS
Sisterchromatids
Parent cell:4 replicatedchromosomes
Replicatedchromosomescondense at thestart of mitosis.
Parent cell:4 unreplicatedchromosomes
Chromosom es are shown par t ia lly
condensed to make them vis ible
During mitosis, sisterchromatids separate.
Two daughter cells areformed by cytokinesis.
Daughter cells:contain thesamecomplement ofchromosomes asthe parent cell.
![Page 25: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 25/42
Mitosis
Mitosis is a continuous process, but it is typically
broken into steps for descriptive purposes
Prophase Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Remember: prior to the start of mitosis, the
chromosomes are replicated (in S phase)
![Page 26: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 26/42
Prophase
Chromatin condenses
Nuclear envelope begins to break down
Nucleolus disappears
Centrosomes move to opposite poles
Mitotic Spindle begins to form
ProphaseEarly Prophase
![Page 27: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 27/42
Mitotic Spindle
Mitotic Spindle - system of microtubules; orients chromosomes
and provides mechanical force used to separate chromosomes into
daughter cells
Forms between two centrosomes (microtubule organizingcenters)
Each contains a pair of centrioles and radiating asters
(microtubule bundles)
![Page 28: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 28/42
Mitotic Spindle
Types of Spindle Fibers:
Kinetochore (centromeric) spindle fibers
attach to kinetochores on the surface of centromeres pull chromosomes
Polar spindle fibers
spindle fibers that extend beyond midpoint of cell
push cell poles apart
![Page 29: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 29/42
Prometaphase
Nuclear envelope completely broken down
Kinetochores appear on each side of centromeres
Kinetochore microtubules contact chromosomes
Push-pull forces of the spindle apparatus - begin to align
chromosomes at center of cell
Prometaphase
![Page 30: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 30/42
Metaphase
Mitotic spindle is fully formed
All chromosomes are lined up at the metaphase plate
(spindle equator) at the end of metaphase
Metaphase
![Page 31: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 31/42
Anaphase
Centromeres divide
Sister chromatids separate
Daughter chromosomes pulled (along kinetochore spindle
fibers)/pushed (by polar spindle fibers) to opposite poles of cell
Finished when equivalent (and complete) collections of chromosomes arelocated at the two poles of the cell
Anaphase
![Page 32: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 32/42
Chromosome Movement
Motor proteins (dynein and others) on kinetochores
“walk” the chromosomes down microtubules (kinetochore
spindle fibers)
Microtubules shorten from kinetochore endMicrotubules
Fiberscontaining
motorproteins
Kinetochoreplates
Tubulinsubunits
–
+
+
Chromosome
Chromosomemovement
![Page 33: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 33/42
Telophase
(basically the reverse of prophase)
Mitotic spindle disassembles
Nuclear envelope reassembles around daughternuclei
Chromosomes decondense
Nucleolus reappears
Finished when two daughter nuclei have formed - each areclones of one another and of the parent cell
Telophase
![Page 34: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 34/42
Cell Division and the Cell Cycle
Preparation Phase – Interphase
Cell Division Phase – M (mitotic) Phase
Division of the nucleus (division of genetic material)
Mitosis – used for asexual reproduction, growth and repair
Meiosis – used for sexual reproduction
Division of the cytoplasm – Cytokinesis
![Page 35: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 35/42
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis
mechanism that splits
cytoplasm into daughtercells
usually occurs
immediately followingmitosis
![Page 36: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 36/42
Cytokinesis in Animal Cells
Formation of a cleavage furrow - due to band of actin
filaments working in association with myosin beneath
plasma membrane
Cytoplasm is pinched in two
Mitosis is over, and
the spindle is nowdisassembling.
Band of actin filaments
(contractile ring) at the formerspindle equator contracts.
The contractions
continue and cutthe cell in two.
![Page 37: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 37/42
Cytokinesis in Animal Cells
Formation of a cleavage furrow - due to band of actin
filaments working in association with myosin beneath
plasma membrane
Cytoplasm is pinched in two
Myosin
“Head” region
Actin
When myosin’s “head” attaches to actin and moves,
the actin filament slides
![Page 38: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 38/42
Cytokinesis in Plant Cells
Formation of a cell plate
Vesicles filled with wall-building material fuse along cellequator
Cell plate thickens to become a crosswall - divides the
parent cell into two daughter cells
![Page 39: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 39/42
Cytokinesis in Plant Cells
cell wall
formerspindleequator
cell plate
vesiclesconverging
![Page 40: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 40/42
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Interphase Prophase Prometaphase
Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olc/dl/120073/bio14.swf
![Page 41: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 41/42
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Animal Cell:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DD3IQknCEdc&feature=related
Plant Cell:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDAw2Zg4IgE&feature=related
Prokaryotic Cell Division: Binary
![Page 42: 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062600/55cf99c2550346d0339f09dc/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
7/22/2019 16-Cell Cycle and Mitosis Part 1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/16-cell-cycle-and-mitosis-part-1 42/42
Prokaryotic Cell Division: Binary
Fission
Prokaryotic cell
division is
often very fast!
Some
antibiotic
s inhibit
cell wall
synthesis