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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
•Clouds are classified on the Clouds are classified on the basis of their form and heightbasis of their form and height– –
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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
•CirrusCirrus
•Feathery appearanceFeathery appearance
•CumulusCumulus
– Flat base, with rising domesFlat base, with rising domes– ““_____________” structure_____________” structure
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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
•StratusStratus
•Cloud heightCloud height– High clouds – _________ meters and High clouds – _________ meters and aboveabove
– Middle clouds – ________________ Middle clouds – ________________ metersmeters
– Low clouds – _____________ metersLow clouds – _____________ meters
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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
•High CloudsHigh Clouds– cirruscirrus– ________________________– ________________________
•All thin and white and made mostly of All thin and white and made mostly of ice crystalsice crystals
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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
•Middle cloudsMiddle clouds– Use the prefix –______Use the prefix –______
•______________________•______________________
–
•Low cloudsLow clouds– ________________________– ________________________– ________________________
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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
•________________ clouds – ________________ clouds – “thunderheads”“thunderheads”
•Fog – clouds that form at Fog – clouds that form at ground levelground level– May be caused by _________ or May be caused by _________ or ______________________
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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
• How precipitation formsHow precipitation forms– Cloud droplets must grow in volume by Cloud droplets must grow in volume by ____________________________
– Cold Cloud PrecipitationCold Cloud Precipitation• BergeronBergeron – relies on 2 processes – relies on 2 processes
– ______________ and ________________________________ and __________________– Water in liquid state below 0 degrees Celsius Water in liquid state below 0 degrees Celsius is supercooledis supercooled
– When air is at 100% humidity it is satured to When air is at 100% humidity it is satured to water, and supersaturated to icewater, and supersaturated to ice
__________________________________________
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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
•Warm cloud precipitationWarm cloud precipitation – – – ______________________ process______________________ process
•Water absorbing particles remove Water absorbing particles remove water vapor from the air at relative water vapor from the air at relative humidities _________________humidities _________________
•Drops formed are quite large, they Drops formed are quite large, they fall, and coalesce with smaller, fall, and coalesce with smaller, slower dropsslower drops
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18.3 Cloud types and 18.3 Cloud types and PrecipitationPrecipitation
• Forms of precipitationForms of precipitation– Depends on the Depends on the __________________________________________________________________________• __________: drops with a diameter of at least 0.5 __________: drops with a diameter of at least 0.5 mmmm
• __________: smaller drops of precipitation__________: smaller drops of precipitation
• __________: solid drops made of 6-sided ice __________: solid drops made of 6-sided ice crystalscrystals
• __________: falling of small particles of ice__________: falling of small particles of ice
• __________: freezing rain__________: freezing rain
• __________: begin as small ice pellets and grow by __________: begin as small ice pellets and grow by collecting supercooled droplets as they fall to the collecting supercooled droplets as they fall to the groundground
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