When sick or recovering from illness or injury:Get plenty of fluids If have poor appetite, fix small, frequent
meals
Food intolerance - Body has trouble digesting or handling a component of food
Lactose intolerance – inability to adequately digest lactose, which is the natural sugar found in milk and milk products Symptoms: nausea, stomach pain, gas, diarrhea Drink lactose-free products Consume small servings of dairy at a time Eat milk products with less lactose like hard
cheeses and yogurt Take a supplement that will help your body
digest lactose
Food allergy – sensitivity to food that involves the body’s immune systemBody thinks of the food as an illness to fightRash, itching, stomach cramps, breathing
problems, headache, nausea, vomitingCan be life-threateningCommon foods: milk, eggs, wheat,
peanuts, soy, tree nuts, fish, shellfish If have food allergy must avoid the foods
that cause it
Diabetes – body cannot control levels of sugar in the blood properly
Two types:Body doesn’t produce enough insulinBody doesn’t use the insulin that is
produced normally Managing diabetes:
Eat regular meals and snacksMake careful food choicesBe physically activeMay need medicine or insulin injections
Diabetes develops:As a child, which will have to deal with for
the duration of their lifeAs get older, being overweight can cause
diabetes Must control sugar levels
Sugar or glucose is found in sugary items and items with carbohydrates such as pasta’s!
Modified diet – special eating plan that helps to keep a medical condition under control
May limit certain foods or choose foods for their nutrients or for texture
Examples:Low-sodium diet to help lower high blood
pressureSoft food diet for someone having difficulty
chewing
For more vitamins – add more vegetables to casseroles, pasta dishesExample: add shredded carrots and
zucchini to mashed potatoes For more calcium –
add dry milk to dishes such as mashed potatoes, meat loaf
Add grated cheese to dishes
For less fatUse reduced or low fat ingredientsUse smaller amounts of high-fat ingredients
such as butterSkim fat from soups, graviesSubstitute evaporated fat-free milk for creamUse plain yogurt or light or nonfat sour creamUse fat free or low fat milks instead of whole
milksUse extra lean meatsUse 2 eggs whites instead of 1 whole eggUse 3 T. cocoa powder plus 1 T. oil instead of
1 oz. baking chocolate
For more fiberUse whole-grain pastas and brown riceAdd dry beans to soupsMix bran into casseroles
For less added sugarUse vanilla, cinnamon, spices to bring out
the natural sweetness of many foods for less sodium
Cut down on salt in recipes by using herbs and spices to enhance flavors
Use low-sodium versions of ingredients such as broth, soy sauce, canned foods
Refuse to maintain appropriate body weight
Fear of fatDisturbance in body perceptionAmenorrhea (no period, in females, for
more than 3 months)
Recurrent binge eatingRecurrent compensatory (getting rid
of) behavior such as fasting, vomiting, exercise
Binging/purging must occur 2X a week for 3 months
Self evaluation based on weight/shape
2 sub-types of bulimia
2 types of bulimiaNon-purging bulimia
Fasting, excessive exercise, other drugs
Binge eatingBinge eatingRapid eating, not hungry but still eat,
eat alone, depressedDistressed by bingingBinge occurs 2X a week for 6 monthsNo compensatory behaviors
Muscle weakness Osteoporosis Heart failure Difficulty regulating body temperature Lanugo – growth of fuzz Skin becomes dry and flaky because dehydrated Erosion of tooth enamel
Anorexia“perfect”, loyal, stable, conflict free, nurturing
BulimiaOpen conflict, chaotic, lacks nurturance
1 male for every 10 females suffer from an eating disorder
5-10% of cases of anorexia nervosa 10-15% of cases of bulimia nervosa It is increasing!!! Sports related