Download - 5675.Noise Pollution
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
1/31
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
2/31
CONTENTS:
Defination
Characteristics of sound
Sources
Noise levels
Effects of noise pollution
Control
Noise standards adopted in India
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
3/31
WHAT IS NOISE?
Noise is unwanted,unpleasant or disagreeable soundthat causes discomfort.
Noise is the wrong sound, in the wrong place at thewrong time.
Noise is a sound without value.
Noise is subjective in nature which means aparticular sound may be musical to one but noise toanother.
Sound is measured in unit called Decibel (dB)
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
4/31
NOISE POLLUTION
Any unwanted and unpleasantsound in the atmosphere causinghealth hazards like annoyance,stress etc.
It is the unwanted sound dumpedinto environment without regard tothe adverse effects it may have.
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
5/31
SOURCES OF NOISE POLLUTION
NATURAL SOURCES:
Thunder
Cyclones
Storms in sea Volcanoes
Wind storms
Heavy waterfall
Earthquakes
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fantasy-spa.ca/Spa_Galleries/iStock_000000175963Small_WaterFall.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fantasy-spa.ca/&h=600&w=800&sz=487&hl=en&start=5&tbnid=9Adq_a01OhAK3M:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwater%2Bfall%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG -
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
6/31
contd.
MANMADE SOURCES:
1) Occupational noise
2) Transport noise
3) Neighbourhood noise
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
7/31
Transport noise
a). Road traffic noiseIncrease in number of vehicles has
increased road traffic density- which in
turn increase traffic noiseb).Aircraft noise
Noise produced when an aircraft takes
off or lands is very highDiffers from road traffic , in that it is not
continuous
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
8/31
Transport noise
Rail traffic noise
Aircraft Noise
Road traffic Noise
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/2211896/2/istockphoto_2211896_traffic_noise_pollution_welcome_to_bombay.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.istockphoto.com/file_closeup/%3Fid%3D2211896%26refnum%3D762810&h=336&w=380&sz=72&hl=en&start=25&tbnid=A8BqEF4xDR877M:&tbnh=109&tbnw=123&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dnoise%2Bpollution%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://media.nasaexplores.com/02-027/jet_takeoff.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nasaexplores.com/show2_912a.php%3Fid%3D02-027%26gl%3D912&h=366&w=472&sz=15&hl=en&start=78&tbnid=8dU4dBZB_dohOM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=129&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dair%2Bcraft%2Bnoise%26start%3D60%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Arriva_Trains_Wales_158848_at_Crewe.jpg/800px-Arriva_Trains_Wales_158848_at_Crewe.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Arriva_Trains_Wales_158848_at_Crewe.jpg&h=600&w=800&sz=133&hl=en&start=13&tbnid=3AnlZJZus-4f7M:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2Btrains%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG -
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
9/31
c). Rail traffic noise
Lower frequency than road traffic noise
Most railways track run through rural areas ,rail traffic noise does not pose greaterhealth hazards than road traffic noise
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
10/31
OCCUPATIONAL NOISE
Heavy industrial machines are source of
occupational noise
Causes hearing loss and decrease inworking efficiency and increase inprobability of accidents
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
11/31
Occupational noise
Machineries
Agricultural operations
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.bishopburton.ac.uk/downloads/images/combi.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.bishopburton.ac.uk/index.php%3FnavId%3D106%26module%3Dcontent&h=241&w=249&sz=28&hl=en&start=41&tbnid=JppimTBIhUDyCM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dharvesters%2Bused%2Bin%2Bagriculture%26start%3D40%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN -
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
12/31
Neighbourhood noise
Various noise sources that disturb and
annoy the general public by interferingwith comfort and welfare
E.g. noise from loud speakers in publicfunctions
Loud volume of T.V
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
13/31
Neighbourhood noise:
Radio Loudspeaker
Social gathering
Crackers
Music systems
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
14/31
INDOOR NOISE POLLUTION:
Crying of babies
Playing of radios
Working of machines
Banging of doors
OUTDOOR NOISE POLLUTION: Railways
Aero planes
Automobile traffic Loudspeakers
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
15/31
HOW TO MEASURE NOISE
Intensity of noise is measured in decibel units. The scaleof decibel unit is logarithmic and this scale starts from0dB,which is threshold of hearing.
The intensity of noise level varies greatly with thedistance from source.
Human ear can detect sound with in frequency rangefrom 20Hz-20KHz.
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
16/31
NOISE LEVELS OF ROUTINE ACTIVITIES
Activities Noise leveldB(A)
Heart beat 12
Normal talking 40Normal traffic 40-45
Truck / bus 80
Heavy traffic 80-85
Shouting 100
Train 100
Horns 120
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
17/31
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
18/31
EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION
Auditory effects: Impairing of hearing Permanent deafness
Non auditory effects: Interference with speech communication AnnoyanceMental disorientationGiddiness
Hypertension Fatigue Violent behaviour
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
19/31
Direct
1) Annoyance : Feeling of displeasure
Restlessness
Irritation Various types of visible, mental
and physical disturbances
Anger
Effects may be:
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
20/31
2) Effect on general health:
Dilation of pupil of eye High blood pressure Damage to heart, kidneys, liver Increases rate of heart beat
Change in hormone content of blood Hurts to children Upsets the chemical balance of the
body Nervous breakdown
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
21/31
Hypertension
Increase in sweating Reduction in work efficiency
Emotional & behaviour stress
Concentration loss
Temporary hearing loss
Permanent hearing
3) Psychological disorders:
4) Hearing loss:
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
22/31
5) Speech interference
6) Sleep interference
7) Habitat loss
8) Effects on environment
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://bancannons.tripod.com/nosleep1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://bancannons.tripod.com/&h=193&w=144&sz=41&hl=en&start=250&um=1&tbnid=wHpYjxBPb6jkEM:&tbnh=103&tbnw=77&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dimpacts%2Bof%2Bnoise%2Bpollution%26start%3D240%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN -
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
23/31
Value of propertydecreases in noise proneareas.
High health cost to thepeople living in noise
prone areas.
Indirect:
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://rudycouvreur.files.wordpress.com/2007/03/bonnbusbahnhofdsc_0518-01462x310.jpg&imgrefurl=http://rudycouvreur.wordpress.com/2007/03/&h=316&w=468&sz=58&hl=en&start=44&um=1&tbnid=g7-ocahoSFTI8M:&tbnh=86&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dhouses%2Bnear%2B%2Brailway%2Bstations%26start%3D40%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.vrom.nl/pics%255Cexterneveiligheid%255Cschiphol.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.vrom.nl/pagina.html%3Fid%3D22558&h=350&w=350&sz=22&hl=en&start=6&um=1&tbnid=LcosGE-bdHo5MM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dhouses%2Bnear%2B%2Bairports%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://rudycouvreur.files.wordpress.com/2007/03/bonnbusbahnhofdsc_0518-01462x310.jpg&imgrefurl=http://rudycouvreur.wordpress.com/2007/03/&h=316&w=468&sz=58&hl=en&start=44&um=1&tbnid=g7-ocahoSFTI8M:&tbnh=86&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dhouses%2Bnear%2B%2Brailway%2Bstations%26start%3D40%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN -
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
24/31
PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF NOISEPOLLUTION
Noise pollution can be minimised by taking following
measures:
Reduction of noise at source
Reduction of population exposed
Duration of noise exposure
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
25/31
MEASURES FOR CONTROL ON NOISEPOLLUTION:
Using ear protective aids
Proper designing of doors and windows
Improving in working methods
Tree planting Providing enclosures
Town planning
Use of silencers
Vibration damping Treatment of walls, floors and ceiling
Through laws
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
26/31
INDUSTRIAL NOISE CONTROL:
Control of Noise at source
By using sound proofing materials around machines
By using protecting devices
By planting trees Through laws
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
27/31
COMMUNITY NOISE CONTROL:
Airport noise can be reduced by:
Reducing noise at its source.
Zoning the area around the airport.
Road traffic noise can be reduced by:
Restricting Unnecessary blowing of horns.
Old vehicles producing lot of noise should be denied
licences.
Noise control through laws.
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
28/31
CONTROL OF OTHER TYPES OF NOISE
Use of loudspeakers should be banned.
Use of crackers should be banned.
By growing more trees in urban areas and along theroads.
Keeping volumes of radios, TVs etc. low.
Noise pollution can be controlled by promoting educationand research.
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
29/31
NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL IN INDIA
CPCB have conducted noise pollution surveys in Delhi,Madras, Kolkata, Kanpur, Bombay, Hyderabad,
jaipur,banglore in 1989 and found that noise levels in
these cities is much above the prescribed standards.
Recently Govt. of India have prescribed noise limits for
vehicles, domestic appliances and construction
equipments.
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
30/31
AMBIENT NOISE STANDARDS ADOPTED ININDIA(MOEF,1989,1999,2000)
Sr.No. Area Day time
dB(A)
Night time
dB(A)
1 Industrial area 75 70
2 Commercial area 65 55
3 Residential area 55 45
4 Silence zone 50 40
-
8/6/2019 5675.Noise Pollution
31/31
VEHICULAR NOISE EMISSION STANDARDSADOPTED IN INDIA(MOEF,1990,2000)
*Brackets indicate levels for diesel vehicles
Motor vehicle Noise limits indB(A) 1999
Noise limits indB(A) 2002
Moped/scooter 77 73
Motorcycle 80 75-80
3-wheeler 80 77
Passenger car 70 74(75)*
Truck / bus 82-86 77(78)*