Download - 7 Dec China
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!!
BA#244:#Supply#Chain#Management#
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Pre%nego)a)on!
prepara)on!
Actual!
Nego)a)on!/!
Interac)on!
Post%nego)a)on!
follow!up!
IMPORTANT!*
STAGES#OF#NEGOTIATION#
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RELATIONSHIP#SPECTRUM#
Compe))ve! Collabora)ve!
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ORIENTATIONS!TO!NEGOTIATION!
Distribu2ve*Bargaining* Integra2ve*Nego2a2on*
Compe))ve! Collabora)ve!
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Best!outcome?!
RANGE!OF!NEGOTIATION!
OUTCOMES!
WIN;LOSE! LOSE;LOSE! WIN;WIN!
WIN;PERCEIVED*WIN*
Most!advantageous!
to!you!
+!rela)onship!
objec)ves!
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Buyer!
Supplier!
Range!of!Nego)a)on!
Zone!of!Poten)al!Agreement!
LAA!MFP!/MDO!
LAA! MFP!/MDO!
Price,!PHP!
Price,!PHP!
RANGE#OF#NEGOTIATION#
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BEST#ALTERNATIVE#TO#A#NEGOTIATED#AGREEMENT#(BATNA)#
• When!you!walk!away,!you!need!a!back%up!plan!
(BATNA)!
• Provides!leverage!
!
!
!
!
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! Increase!expert!and!informa)onal!power!
! Gather!Market!Intelligence!
! Increasing!legi)mate!power!
! own!legi)mate!authority!or!a!higher!authority!
! Manipula)ng!structural!factors!in!buyer%supplier!
! Aggrega)ng!volume!
! BATNA!
HOW#TO#IMPROVE#YOUR#LEVERAGE?#
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WHAT%HAPPENS%DURING%A%NEGOTIATION?%
Opening!!
Tes)ng!and!
Proposing!
Agreement!and!
Closure!
Rapport! –! developing! a! sense* of*rela2onship* or! connec2on! with!another!person!
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!
Power!Distance!
NON1VERBAL%COMMUNICATION%–%INFLUENCE%OF%CULTURE%
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Uncertainty!Avoidance!
NON1VERBAL%COMMUNICATION%–%INFLUENCE%OF%CULTURE%
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Individualism%Collec)vism!
NON1VERBAL%COMMUNICATION%–%INFLUENCE%OF%CULTURE%
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Gift#Giving#in#China#
! Steidlmeier, P. 1999. Gift Giving, Bribery, and Corruption: Ethical Management of Business Relationships in China. Journal of Business Ethics. 20: 121-132.!
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China#101#
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China#101#
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China#101#
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China#101#
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Industry#Classifications#
Encouraged*Industries!! Middle!and!West!region!
! High%end!product!manufacturing!
! Energy%saving,!Environment%
friendly!
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China#101#
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The case of China’s successful contemporary enterprises
• Founded!in!1984!with!an!ini)al!capital!outlay!of!only!2!
million!yuan!funded!by!Chinese!Academy!of!Sciences!
• On! April! 1,! 2004,! the! company! changed! its! name!
Legend!to!Lenovo
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The case of China’s successful contemporary enterprises
• A Chinese investment holding company whose subsidiaries provide mass media, entertainment, Internet and mobile phone value-added services, and operate online advertising services in China.
• Founded by Huateng MA and Zhidong ZHANG in November 1998 as Tencent Inc.
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The case of China’s successful contemporary enterprises
• Founded in 1987
• Headquartered in Shenzhen
• Ranked No. 2 in the world among ICT providers
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China’s#Economic#Transition#
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Gift#Giving#
! Prevalent!in!Filipino!Supply!Chain!Rela)onships!
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Gift#Giving#in#China#
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Cultural#Databases#
! Ar)facts!
! Things!that!can!be!seen!or!heard!
! Who%what%where%when!
! e.g.!what!gi_s!and!to!whom,!gree)ng!
! Social!Knowledge!
! Social!process!and!values!used!as!reasons!
! How!and!Why!
! Mediates!between!the!two!
! Cultural!Logic!
! Worldview!which!grounds!social!behavior!
! e.g.!harmony,!jus)ce!
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Business#Culture#in#China:#Guanxi#
! Guanxi*! Network! of! rela)onships!
among!various!par)es!that!
cooperate! together! and!
support!one!another!
! Organiza)on! minimizes! the!
r i s k s ,! f r u s t r a )on s ,! a n d!
disappointments! when! doing!
business!in!China!
! That! is! why! the! correct!
"Guanxi"! is! so! vital! to! any!
successful! business! strategy! in!
China!
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Business#Culture#in#China:#Guanxi#
! Develop! rela)onships! with!
suppliers,! retailers,! banks,! and!
local*government*officials!! They! can! indirectly! link! you! to!
new! a cqua i n t an ce s! and!
informa)on! resources,! thus!
helping! you! to! develop! other!
right!"Guanxi"!you!need!
! The! company! has! to! maintain!
the! rela)onship! if! it! wants! to!
do! more! business! with! the!
Chinese!
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Guanxi#Rank#
! Family!
! Friends!
! Other!Chinese!
! Outside!World!
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Chinese#Relationships#
! Mian!zi!
! Respect!one!owes!in!terms!of!face!
! e.g.!not!publicly!disagreeing!
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Individualism#vs.#Group#Identity#
! Standing!out!and!Individual!crea)vity!
! VS.!Defining!place!within!the!group!
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Reciprocity#
! To!approach!another!and!bring!nothing!is!unusual.!To!accept!a!gi_!and!not!reciprocate!is!perceived!as!
morally!wrong!
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Reciprocity#
! Commission!
! Pay!for!services!
! Gratuity!! Express!gra)tude!
! Bribery!! Gain!favor!
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Doing#Business#Right#in#China#
! Not!universal!across!regions!! Local!officials!have!tremendous!discre)onary!power!
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What#is#your#company#gift#policy?#
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Internal#Supply#Chain#
Procurement! Produc)on! Storage! Distribu)on! Sales!and!
Marke)ng!
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Inventory#System#
! Specifies!! How!much!stocks!should!be!maintained!
! Replenishment!Schedule!
! Replenishment!Order!Size!
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Inventory#Cost#
! Includes:!! Carrying!
! Order!Processing!
! Stock%out!
! Set%up!
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Inventory#
! Is!a!stock!of!item!or!asset!in!the!organiza)on!
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Why#keep#inventory?#
! Balances!Supply!and!Demand!
! Cushions!impact!of!demand!fluctua)on!
! Stocks!are!ready!for!sudden!requirements!
! Buffer!between!cri)cal!supply!interfaces!
! Supplier%Warehouse!
! Warehouse%Produc)on!
! Produc)on%Marke)ng!
! Allows!economies!of!scale!
! Procurement!
! Transport!
! Manufacturing!
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Carrying#Cost#
! Variable!costs!due!to!keeping!inventory!! Storage!
! Deprecia)on!
! Rental!
! Insurance!
! Handling!
! Opportunity!
! Interest!
! Obsolescence!
! Expira)on!
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Order#Processing#Cost#
! Fixed!Costs!related!to!processing!orders!for!inventory!replenishment!
! Labor!
! Inspec)on!and!Receiving!deliveries!
! Quality!Check!
! Returns!and!Reprocessing!replacements!
! Transport!
! Handling!
! Documenta)on!
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StockXout#Costs#
! Semi%variable!costs!incurred!when!stocks!are!
depleted!and!orders!are!not!served!
! Sales!and!profit!loss!
! Back!order!processing!
! Lost!Customer!goodwill!
! Penal)es!for!late!delivery!
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SetXup#Costs#
! Fixed!costs!incurred!for!changing!over!the!produc)on!set%up!to!replenish!inventory!
! Labor!
! Documenta)on!
! Lost!Produc)on!Time!
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Inventory#Systems#
! Q%model!
! Fixed!order!quan)ty!model!or!EOQ!model!
! P%model!
! Fixed!period!model,!periodic!review!system,!fixed!
order!interval!system!
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!!
End#