A Co-Citation Network for Philosophy
The graph shows co-citation patterns for just over the 500 most-cited items from 1993 to mid-2013, based on over 34,000 references in 2,262 articles
published in four leading generalist, English-language philosophy journals: Nous, Mind, the Journal of Philosophy, and the Philosophical Review. The cuto�
for inclusion is having received at least ten citations. The colors of the nodes represent the results of a community-detection algorithm applied to the
co-citation matrix. Communities are identi�ed inductively. Edge width indicates relative frequency of co-citation. The key gives an approximate
topical description of each citation community and one of its central items.
Metaphysics, David Lewis (1986), On the Plurality of Worlds
Metaphysics/Language, Saul Kripke (1980), Naming and Necessity
Philosophy of Mind, David Chalmers (1996), The Conscious Mind
Metaphysics/Causation, David Lewis (1986), “Causation”
Epistemology, Timothy Williamson (2000), Knowlege and its Limits
Philosophy of Mind, Jerry Fodor (1990), A Theory of Content
Metaphysics/Free Will, Peter van Inwagen (1983), An Essay on Free Will
Metaethics, Derek Par�t (1984), Reasons and Persons
Ethics and Political Philosophy, John Rawls (1971), A Theory of Justice
Women in PhilosophyA notable feature of the graph is the relative absence of items written by
women. Of the 520 items, 19 are by women—3.6 percent of the total. Their names and locations are shown below. By comparison, 6.3 percent of the
items are by David Lewis. There are 15 women authors in total. Three of the items are in the top 100: Ruth Millikan’s Language, Thought, and Other
Biological Categories (1984, ranked 47th), Christine Korsgaard’s The Sources of Normativity (1996, 75th), and Dorothy Edgington’s “On Conditionals” (1995,
82nd). Christine Korsgaard has three items in the dataset. Ruth Millikan and Philippa Foot have two each. The other women are Barbara Herman,
Penelope Maddy, Lynne Rudder Baker, Nancy Cartwright, Gila Sher, G.E.M. Anscombe, Susan Hurley, Sally Haslanger, L.A. Paul, Linda Zagzebski, and
Judith Jarvis Thomson.
Leading Works and Discussion Communities
Field H 1994
Watson G 1975
Huemer M 2001
Dummett M 1981
Shoemaker S 1994
Anscombe G 1957
Jackson F 1979
Fodor J 1980
Mcginn C 1983
Carnap R 1956
Evans G 1976
Wittgenstein L (10)
Hilbert D 1987
Loux M 1979
Mellor D 1995
Baker L 2000
Ryle G 1949
Schi�er S 1998
Kaplan D 1989
Peacocke C 1992
Vendler Z 1967
Mumford S 1998
Fodor J 1983
Burke M 1992
Churchland P 1989
Kagan S 1989
Field H 1986
Frege G 1884
Lewis D 2000
Lewis D 1999
Grice H 1961
Geach P 1980
Alston W 1989
Strawson P 1959
Williams B 1973
Brandt R 1979
Gettier E 1963Quine W (13)
Jackson F 1998
Lewis D 1989
Quine W 1953
Montague R 1974
Dummett M 1975
Horwich P 1990
Horn L 1989
Goldman A 1976
Lewis D 1966
Priest G 1987
Hardin C 1988
Adams R 1979
Soames S 2002
Blackburn S 1984
Hintikka J 1962
Wright C 2002
Chisholm R 1957
Unger P 1975
Wiggins D 1980
Bennett J 1988
Rawls J 1971
Quine W 1960
Fodor J 1981
Larson R 1993
Hawthorne J 2004
Munitz M 1971
Lewis D 1981
Schi�er S 1996
Korsgaard C 1986
Boyd R 1988
O'connor T 2000
Benacerraf P 1983
Russell B 1912
Lewis D 1981
Davidson D 1980
May R 1985
Margalit A 1979
Vanfraassen B 1989
Foot P 2001
Kripke S 1980
Tarski A 1956
Lewis D 1996
Gardenfors P 1988
Boghossian P 1990
Strawson G 1994
Pollock J 1986
Williams B 1981
Horwich P 1998
Fine K 1994
Scanlon T 1998
Larson R 1995
Rawls J 1980
Zagzebski L 1991
Burge T 1977Russell B 1903
Simons P 1987
Plantinga A 1993
Korsgaard C 1996
Lange M 2000
Maher P 1993
Williams B 1978
Merricks T 1995
Kim J 1993
Ginet C 1990
Soames S 1988
Harman G 1990Armstrong D 1983
Stalnaker R 1975
Conee E 2004
Quine W (14)
Sider T 1997
Dancy J 2000
Bonjour L 1998
Nagel T 1979
Wallace R 1994
Rosen G 1990
Rysiew P 2001
Almog J 1989
Par�t D 1984
Merricks T 2001
Byrne A 1997
Craig E 1990
Mcdermott M 1995
Papineau D 1993
Chisholm R 1976
Unger P 1975
Jackson F 1977
Kyburg H 1961
Forbes G 1985
Derose K 2002
Je�rey R 1983
Heller M 1990
Fumerton R 1995
Byrne A 2001
Putnam H 1975
Unger P 1980
Evans G 1982
Frege G (13)
Lewis D 1984Vanfraassen B 1995
Edgington D 1995
Quine W 1966
Wright C 1991
Davidson D 1984
Evans G (10)
Gibbard A 2003
Chisholm R 1977
Dennett D 1984
Gauthier D 1986
Lewis D 1972
Block N 1995Horwich P 1998
Mcginn C 1991
Heck R 2000
Putnam H 1971
Stalnaker R 1984
Austin J 1962
Mackie J 1974
Dretske F 1995
Salmon N 1989
Hall N 1994
Leonard H 1940
Brewer B 1999
Goldman A 1967
Richard M 1983
Dummett M 1977
Dennett D 1978
Jackson F 1977
Russell B 1919Sosa E 1991
Fodor J 1974
Mcdowell J 1982
Grice H 1989
Ginet C 1975
Frankfurt H 1969
Putnam H 1981
Searle J 1995
Siewert C 1998Cappelen H 2005
Braun D 1998
Stanley J 2001
Goldman A 1979
Bonjour L 1985
Parsons T 1980
Hill C 1997
Gibson J 1979
Stanley J 2005
Tye M 2000
Dretske F 1970
Walton K 1990
Olson E 1997
Skyrms B 1980
Quine W 1981
Foot P 1978
Fodor J 1992
Mcginn C 1982
Dummett M 1991
Moore G 1903
Korsgaard C 1997
Aristotle (16)
Chalmers D 2001
Salmon N 1988
Brandom R 1994
Davidson D 1963
Chomsky N 2000
Bach K 1979
Dummett M 1991
Linsky B 1994
Hart H 1961
Menzies P 1989
Lewis D 1986
Boolos G 1984
Boghossian P 1989
Bach K 1994
Field H 1994
Williamson T 2000
Kant I (13)
Kim J 1973
Barwise J 1981
Bratman M 1987
Burke M 1994
Aristotle No Year P981a24 (10)
Hajek A 2003
Davidson D 1969
Broome J 1999
Williamson T 2007
Nozick R 1981
Mcdowell J 1994
Lewis D 1970
Lewis D 1997
Sellars W 1963
Martin C 1994
Nagel T 1974
Dummett M 1981
Burge T 1979
Dretske F 1969Hurvich L 1981
Smith M 1994
Soames S 1999
Hitchcock C 2001
Peacocke C 2004
Geach P 1965
Blackburn S 1998
Bennett J 1984
Quine W 1951
Fischer J 1994
Gibbard A 1990
Hume D 1978
Katz J 1994
Frege G 1918
Cartwright N 1983
Armstrong D 1989
Carroll L 1895
Lewis D 1969
Parsons T 1990Recanati F 1993
Lewis D 1986
Vaninwagen P 1990
Putnam H 1978
Devitt M 1996
Gibbard A 1975
Cohen S 1988
Plantinga A 1983
Harman G 1986
Jackson F 1982
Salmon N 1986
Lewis D 1986
Bennett J 2003
Sidgwick H 1907
Crimmins M 1992
Dennett D 1987
Fine K 1975
Blackburn S 1993
Burge T 1993
Merricks T 1994
Sider T 2001
Stalnaker R 1968
Kim J 1998
Lewis D 1970
Fodor J 1987
Shapiro S 1998
Rorty R 1979
Moore G 1912
Peacocke C 1999
Fine K 1985
Quine W 1970
Lewis D 1980
Nozick R 1974
Armstrong D 1973
Plantinga A 1974
Pereboom D 2001
Lewis D 1983
Frankfurt H 1988
Brink D 1989
Travis C 2004
Haslanger S 1989
Darwall S 1983
Lycan W 1987
Rawls J 1993
Russell B 1905
Vaninwagen P 1983
Lewis D 1991
Markosian N 1998
Crimmins M 1998
Jackson F 1987
Unger P 1984
Earman J 1992
Searle J 1992Derose K 1995
Chalmers D 1996
Evans G 1985
Marr D 1982
Dretske F 1981
Boolos G 1985
Gupta A 1993
Joyce J 1999
Tye M 1995
Schi�er S 1987
Dancy J 1993
Schi�er S 2003
Lewis D 1983
Lewis D 1992
Goldman A 1970
Block N 1986
Burge T 1986
Lewis D 1973
Wright C 1992Widerker D 1995
Putnam H 1975
Wittgenstein L (31)
Perry J 1979
Dowe P 2000
Lewis D 1994
Hume D (10)
Jackson F 1986
Frege G 1979
Searle J 1980
Armstrong D 1978
Ramachandran M 1997
Hume D (38)
Adams E 1975
Mcginn C 1989
Davidson D 1972
Margalit A 1979
Crimmins M 1989
Field H 1972
Armstrong D 1978
Forbes G 1989
Stanley J 2000
Johnston M 1992
Paul L 2000
Campbell J 2002
Dummett M 1973
Wright C 1985
Zimmerman D 1995
Boolos G 1998
Moore G 1903Evans G 1977
Ross W 1930
Kane R 1996
Schi�er S 1992
Unger P 1979
Vanfraassen B 1984
Davidson D 1986
Pettit P 1990
Millikan R 1984
Field H 1980Goldman A 1986Sosa E 2007
Armstrong D 1989
Dretske F 1971
Benacerraf P 1965
Kaplan M 1996
Evans G 1978
Stalnaker R 1978
Dretske F 1977
Putnam H 1994
Block N 1999
Feldman R 1985
Derose K 1996
Bratman M 1999Thomson J 1983
Mele A 1995
Hazen A 1979
Burge T 1986
Harman G 1977
Locke J (35)
Quine W 1986
Clark A 1998
Lepore E 1986Searle J 1969
Dummett M 1978
Yablo S 1987
Herman B 1993
Cohen S 2002
Braun D 1993
Strawson P 1950
Putnam H 1975
Pollock J 1999
Maddy P 1990
Vaninwagen P 1981
Lewis D (10)
Derose K 1991
Salmon N 1989
Barwise J 1983
Levine J 1983
Chisholm R 1989
Black M 1952
Lewis D 1983
Dretske F 1988
Perry J 1977
Noe A 2004
Vaninwagen P 1990
Sher G 1991
Lycan W 1996
Hurley S 1998
Lewis D 1976
Salmon N 1981
Wright C 1983
Lewis D 1979
Vaninwagen P 1980
Derose K 1992
Williamson T 1994
Lewis D 1968
Kuhn T 1970
Campbell K 1990
Burge T 1988
Lewis D 1986
Davidson D 1967
Peacocke C 1983
Pryor J 2000
James W 1890
Field H 1973
Searle J 1983
Richard M 1990
Williams B 1985
Benacerraf P 1973
Lewis D 1973
Martin M 2004
Nagel T 1970
Dennett D 1991
Neale S 1990
Quine W 1969
Lewis D 1999
Fodor J 1990
Fischer J 1998
Mcgee V 1991
Kripke S 1963
Railton P 1986
Sche�er S 1982
Wiggins D 1968
Byrne A 2003
Woodward J 2003
Keynes J 1921
Johnston M 1992
Davies M 1980
Soames S 1989
Adams R 1974
Davidson D 1990
Martin M 2002
Salmon N 1998
Wiggins D 1987
Bach K 1997
Ginet C 1996
Frege G 1984
French P 1979
Salmon W 1984
Lewis D 1979
Kavka G 1983
Mele A 1992
Stalnaker R 1999
Mcdowell J 1979
Audi R 1993
Goodman N 1951
Williams D 1953
Frege G 1892
Hare R 1952
Braddon-mitchell D 1996
Davies M 1981
Quine W 1953
Nagel T 1986
Sorensen R 1988
Foley R 1987
Grice P 1989
Haji I 1998
Harman G 1999
Schi�er S 1972
Yablo S 1992
Frankfurt H 1971
Kripke S 1975
Tarski A 1983
Plantinga A 1993
Williams B 1981
Frege G 1879
Arntzenius F 2003
Bealer G 1982
Harman G 1973
Armstrong D 1968
Field H 1989Armstrong D 1997
Hyde D 1997
Stanley J 2000
Kant I (22)
Stroud B 1984
Tooley M 1977
Bird A 1998
Shoemaker S 1984
Wright C 1975
Lewis D 1979
Millikan R 1989
Velleman J 2000
Donnellan K 1966
Frege G 1893
Mackie J 1977
Vanfraassen B 1980
Hempel C 1965
Fantl J 2002
Fodor J 1975
Kripke S 1982
Kaplan D 1989Tye M 1990
Wittgenstein L 1953
Anscombe G 1957
Baker L 2000
Korsgaard C 1986
Foot P 2001
Zagzebski L 1991
Korsgaard C 1996
Edgington D 1995
Korsgaard C 1997
Cartwright N 1983
Haslanger S 1989
Paul L 2000Millikan R 1984
Thomson J 1983
Herman B 1993
Maddy P 1990
Sher G 1991
Hurley S 1998
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Data Visualization: A Practical Introductionis published by Princeton University Press.
Data: Web of Science.
