Download - A GUI Tool for Plausible Reasoning in the Semantic Web Using MEBN

©2007 Rommel Novaes Carvalho –University of Brasília

A G U I T o o l f o r P la u s ib le R e a s o n in g A G U I T o o l f o r P la u s ib le R e a s o n in g in th e S e m a n t ic W e b u s in g M E B Nin th e S e m a n t ic W e b u s in g M E B N

S ess ion B-III: Intelligent Data MiningRommel Novaes Carvalho

rommel.carvalho@ gmail.com

A d v is o r : P r o f . D r . M a r c e lo L a d e i r aC o -A d v is o r : D r . P a u lo C e s a r G . d a C o s ta

Intelligent S ys tems Des ign and Applications (IS DA), UERJ – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 23/10/2007

©2007 Rommel Novaes Carvalho – University of Brasília

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Te a m

M s S tu d e n tR o m m e l N o v a e s C a r v a lh o / U n B - B r a z i l

A d v is o rP r o f . D r. M a r c e lo L a d e i r a / U n B - B r a z i l

C o -A d v is o rD r. P a u lo C é s a r G . d a C o s ta / G M U - U S A

C o m p u te r S c ie n c e S tu d e n t sL a é c io L . d o s S a n to s /U n B - B r a z i l

S h o u M a ts u m o to /U n B - B r a z i l


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A g e n d a

I n t r o d u c t io nU n d e r s t a n d in g B N l im i t a t io n sU n d e r s t a n d in g M E B N

B N + F O L = M E B NM T h e o r y a n d M F r a gM E B N + O W L = P R -O W L

B u i ld in g m y f i r s t M T h e o r yS S B N in U n B B a y e s

K B - E n t i t ie sK B - F in d in g sQ u e r yB o o to m -u p a lg o r i t h m

C o n c lu s io n s


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I n t r o d u c t io nR e p r e s e n t in g a n d c o m m u n ic a t in gR e p r e s e n t in g a n d c o m m u n ic a t in g

N e e d o f r e p r e s e n t in g a n d c o m m u n ic a t in gI n f o rm a t io n te c h n o lo g y r e v o lu t io n -> k n o w le d g e r e v o lu t io n

D a ta d r iv e n a c t iv i t ie s -> k n o w le d g e d r iv e n a c t iv i t ie s

T h e S e m a n t ic W e b (S W ) w i l l a c h ie v e i t s fu l l p o t e n t ia l w h e n i t b e c o m e s a p la c e w h e r e d a ta c a n b e s h a r e d a n d p r o c e s s e d b y a u to m a t ic t o o ls th e s a m e w a y i t is c u r r e n t ly d o n e b y h u m a n b e in g s [2 ].O n to lo g ie s c o n ta in a c o m m o n s e t o f t e rm s fo r d e s c r ib in g a n d r e p r e s e n t in g a d o m a in a l lo w in g th e S W a c h ie v e i t s fu l l p o t e n t ia l .“W h i t e ” - s y n ta c t ic <> S W <> u n c e r t a in t y S WU R W 3 -X G


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I n t r o d u c t io nU n c e r t a in t y in S e m a n t ic W e bU n c e r t a in t y in S e m a n t ic W e b

O n e o f th e m o s t p r o m is in g a p p r o a c h e s to d e a l w i t h u n c e r t a in t y in th e S W is B a y e s ia n n e tw o r k s (B N ) [6 ]H o w e v e r, B N s h a v e s o m e l im i t a t io n s o n r e p r e s e n ta t io n a l p o w e r th a t r e s t r ic t s th e i r u s e fo r t h e S W

N u m b e r o f v a r ia b le s is f ix e d

N o r e c u r s io n

U s e o f th e e x p r e s s iv e n e s s o f f i r s t o r d e r lo g ic (F O L ) to o v e r c o m e th is s h o r t c o m in g sT h is f r a m e w o r k is b a s e d o n th e p r o b a b i l is t ic o n to lo g y la n g u a g e P R -O W L [7 , 8 ], w h ic h u s e s M u l t i-E n t i t y B a y e s ia n N e tw o r k s (M E B N ) [9 , 1 0 ] a s i t s u n d e r ly in g lo g ic .


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U n d e r s t a n d in g B N l im i t a t io n sN u m b e r o f v a r ia b le sN u m b e r o f v a r ia b le s

P r o b le m : D is c r im in a te s ta r s h ip s a n d m a k e P r o b le m : D is c r im in a te s ta r s h ip s a n d m a k e d e c is io n s b a s e d o n u n c e r t a in a n d in c o m p le te d e c is io n s b a s e d o n u n c e r t a in a n d in c o m p le te in fo rm a t io n .in f o rm a t io n .


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Bayesian ReasoningBayesian Reasoning::Update old beliefs with new Update old beliefs with new evidences. All new data are evidences. All new data are

considered.considered.


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W h a t h a p p e n s i f m o r e th a n o n e s ta r s h ip s h o w W h a t h a p p e n s i f m o r e th a n o n e s ta r s h ip s h o w u p a t t h e s a m e t im e ? B u i ld a B N fo r e a c h u p a t t h e s a m e t im e ? B u i ld a B N fo r e a c h p o s s ib le c o n te x t?p o s s ib le c o n te x t?


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W h a t h a p p e n s i f m o r e th a n o n e s ta r s h ip s h o w W h a t h a p p e n s i f m o r e th a n o n e s ta r s h ip s h o w u p a t t h e s a m e t im e ? B u i ld a B N fo r e a c h u p a t t h e s a m e t im e ? B u i ld a B N fo r e a c h p o s s ib le c o n te x t?p o s s ib le c o n te x t?


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U n d e r s t a n d in g B N l im i t a t io n sR e c u r s io nR e c u r s io n

L e t s s u p p o s e th a t th e r e is ju s t o n e s ta r s h ip . L e t s s u p p o s e th a t th e r e is ju s t o n e s ta r s h ip . H o w to r e a l iz e i f th e D M R is d u e to th e z o n e H o w to r e a l iz e i f th e D M R is d u e to th e z o n e n a tu r e (a le a t o r y ) o r t o th e s ta r s h ip 's c lo a k n a tu r e (a le a t o r y ) o r t o th e s ta r s h ip 's c lo a k m o d e (c o n s ta n t)?m o d e (c o n s ta n t)?


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13




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U n d e r s t a n d in g M E B NB N + F O L = M E B NB N + F O L = M E B N

M E B N is a fo rm a l is m th a t b r in g s to g e t h e r th e e x p r e s s iv e n e s s o f f i r s t o r d e r lo g ic (F O L ) w it h B N ’s a b i l i t y to p e r f o rm p la u s ib le r e a s o n in g .


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U n d e r s t a n d in g M E B NM T h e o r y a n d M F r a gM T h e o r y a n d M F r a g

ContextNodes

InputNodes

ResidentNodes

A n M T h e o r y is a s e t o f M F r a g s th a t s a t is f y c e r t a in F O L c o n s is t e n c e c o n d i t io n s t h a t g u a r a n t y t h e e x is t e n c e o f a u n iq u e J P D (J o in t P r o b a b i l i t y D is t r ib u t io n ) u n d e r i t s R V s (R a n d o m V a r ia b le s ). M F r a g c o n s is t s o f b o t h a s e t o f C P Ts a n d F O L lo g ic a l c o n s t r a in t s t h a t f ix e d th e ir v a l id a t in g c o n d i t io n s .


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U n d e r s t a n d in g M E B NM E B N + O W L = P R -O W LM E B N + O W L = P R -O W L

P R -O W L w a s p r o p o s e d a s a n e x te n s io n to th e O W L la n g u a g e b a s e d o n M E B N , w h ic h c a n e x p r e s s a p r o b a b i l is t ic d is t r ib u t io n u n d e r a n y a x io m a t ic F O L th e o r y m o d e l.


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B u i ld in g m y f i r s t M T h e o r yR e s id e n t n o d e sR e s id e n t n o d e s


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B u i ld in g m y f i r s t M T h e o r yI n p u t n o d e s a n d r e c u r s io nIn p u t n o d e s a n d r e c u r s io n


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B u i ld in g m y f i r s t M T h e o r yC o n te x t n o d e sC o n te x t n o d e s


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B u i ld in g m y f i r s t M T h e o r yD in a m ic ta b le a n d n u m b e r o f v a r ia b le sD in a m ic ta b le a n d n u m b e r o f v a r ia b le s


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B u i ld in g m y f i r s t M T h e o r yS a v in g th e u b f a n d p r -o w l f i leS a v in g th e u b f a n d p r -o w l f i le

UBF PR-OWL

UnBBayesSave


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S S B N in U n B B a y e sK B - E n t i t ie sK B - E n t i t ie s


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S S B N in U n B B a y e sK B - F in d in g sK B - F in d in g s


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S S B N in U n B B a y e sQ u e r yQ u e r y

HarmPotential(!ST4, !T0) = ?HarmPotential(!ST4, !T0) = ?


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S S B N in U n B B a y e sB o t t o m -u p a lg o r i t h mB o t t o m -u p a lg o r i t h m


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C o n c lu s io n s

A G U I w a s d e v e lo p e d to fa c i l i t a t e th e c r e a t io n o f p r o b a b i l is t ic o n to lo g ie s b u i l t o n b o th M F r a g s a n d M th e o r ie s .

A M E B N C P T fo rm u la e d i t o r w a s d e v e lo p e d to d e a l w i t h p r e v io u s ly u n k n o w n n u m b e r o f n o d e s .

F a c i l i t ie s w e r e p r o v id e d to c r e a t e , lo a d , a n d s a v e M E B N m o d e ls in th e P R -O W L f i le fo rm a t .

P o s s ib ly , th e f i r s t M E B N f r a m e w o r k im p le m e n ta t io n in th e w o r ld .

I t m a k e s e a s ie r t h e ta s k o f m o d e l l in g r e a l d o m a in b a s e d o n M E B N a n d P R -O W L .

G o o d fo r r e s e a r c h a s U n B B a y e s is a n o p e n s o u r c e s o f tw a r e .

T h is r e s e a r c h r e p r e s e n t s a c o n t r ib u t io n to th e S W c o m m u n i t y a n d , m o r e s p e c i f ic a l ly , t o th e c u r r e n t w o r k o f th e U R W 3 -X G .


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Q & A – th a n k y o u !


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U n B B a y e s C u r r e n t S ta t e

A lp h a v e r s io n s c h e d u le d to J a n u a r y 2 0 0 8 , in c lu d in g :

S S B N a lg o r i t h m

a c o m p le t e to y c a s e s tu d yS ta r t r e k

A r e a l c a s e s tu d y s c h e d u le d t o J u ly 2 0 0 8C o m p le t e u s e r g u id e in J u ly 2 0 0 8

C o n ta c t :

r o m m e l.c a r v a lh o @ g m a i l .c o m

p c o s ta @ g m u .e d u

mailto:[email protected]

Download - A GUI Tool for Plausible Reasoning in the Semantic Web Using MEBN

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