Roman Republic in 241 B.C.

Expansion to 44 B.C.

Battle site

A T L A N T I C

O C E A N

M E D I T E R R A N E A N S E A

Rome

Alexandria

Carthage

Zama 202

Saguntum218

Messana264

Magnesia190

Cannae 216Pydna168

B L A C K S E A

RE

D S

EA

C R E T Ec a . 6 7

C Y P R U S5 8

S I C I LY2 4 1

S A R D I N I A2 3 8

C O R S I C A2 3 8

S P A I N

I T A L Y

C I S A L P I N EG A U L

2 2 5 – 11 0

G A U L5 1

T R A N S A L P I N EG A U L

c a . 1 2 0

FA RT H E R1 9 7

N E A R E R1 9 7

P R O T E C T O R AT EO F I L LY R I A

2 2 9

M A C E D O N I Ac a . 1 4 7

A C H A E Ac a . 1 4 7

A S I A1 2 9

C I L I C I A8 1

B I T H Y N I A -P O N T U S

7 4 – 6 3

S Y R I A6 4

A F R I C A1 4 6

N U M I D I A4 6

New Carthage