Download - A Tomography Image Reconstruction Device
A TOMOGRAPHY IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION DEVICE
A proposal and plan of action for ELEG 490 Design I
Submitted by:
Thuraya Al-Hanaei, Undergraduate Senior Electrical student.
Fatima Al-Zaabi, Undergraduate Senior Electrical student.
Rehab Bani-Hashim, Undergraduate Senior Electrical student.
Sameya Al-Ghafri Undergraduate Senior Electrical student.
Project Supervisors : Dr. Mahmoud Meribout Dr. Khaled Al-Wahedi
December 13th ,2010 1
Problem Statement
Design specifications
Project Goals and Objective
The Project Team
Solution Approach
Background
Economics
Testing and Validation plan
Project Schedule
Facilities and Equipment needed
PROPOSAL OUTLINE
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Budget
Reporting, Documentation and
Maintenance and Upgrade Plans
Deliverables
Societal and Environmental
Impacts
Professional Engineering Ethics
Sustainability
Manufacturability
Health and Safety
PROPOSAL OUTLINE
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PROBLEM STATEMENT
Client requested to design a tomography device which performs real-time two dimensional image reconstruction of the fluid passing through a pipe.
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PROBLEM STATEMENT (CONT.) It includes some realistic constraints in the design
1. Achieve two dimensional reconstruction of the fluid passing through the device with a minimal error accuracy of 10%
2. The device should provide a standard computer interface to a General Purpose IBM-compatible computer (e.g. RS232, PCI, or parallel interfaces)
3. The delay time required for data acquisition and image reconstruction should not exceed 20 seconds
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PROBLEM STATEMENT (CONT.)
4. Provide a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to display the reconstructed image onto a screen
5. The algorithm for image reconstruction and data acquisition can be embedded into any general purpose computer having 2 GB hard disk and 256 Mbytes of memory (RAM)
6. The device should be powered with a standard power voltage
level (e.g. 24VDC and/or 220VAC)
7. The design should be operational before May 5th, 2011.
It includes some realistic constraints in the design
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DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS1. A two dimensional reconstruction image of the fluid passing
through a pipe can be constructed by manipulating the received data from the electrodes
2. Only one of the electrodes can be excited at a time which creates an induced voltage for the rest of electrodes
3. An analog multiplexer will be placed between the hardware and software in order to receive the induced voltage and send the output signal to the software
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DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS (CONT.)4. IEEE-488 control will be used as standard interface for sending
data to the computer
5. Serial interface RS232 will link the feedback provided from the computer side to the analog multiplexer
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PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The main purpose is to build a strong theoretical and
algorithmic background on Tomography
It aims to design a tomography system that consists of capacitance arrays, front end analog electronics and digital hardware architecture of the algorithm
For efficient oil development, it is necessary to accurately measure the products result from the oil wells.
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THE PROJECT TEAM
The work was distributed among the group member according to their experience, interest and their skills
Team Member Part Role Qualifications
Fatima Al Zaabi Software Proof reading Investigating Finite Element
Method Checking deadlines
Getting A grades in Calculus Expert in checking the spelling and the
grammar Design an Arabic-English translator using
Microcontroller
Rehab Bani Hashim Hardware Planning and Time Management Designing the Prototype Consulting advisor
Vice President of the Student Council Participation in designing a Weather
Station project Participation in conferences and writing a
conference papers
Sameya Hamdan Hardware
Arranging meeting Designing the Prototype Gathering information from
books Typing documents
Expert in critical reading and computer works
Participation in designing a car cooling system using solar energy
Thuraya Al Hanaei Software Distributing work Writing MATLAB codes Consulting lab instructor
Vice president women in Engineering IEEE student chapter
Participation in programming the microcontroller
Expert in writing MATLAB code and VHDL program
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SOLUTION APPROACH In order to produce efficient work:
o A schedule was designed that illustrates the tasks, assigned team member, deliverables and deadlines respectively
A meeting will be held during the project at least once a week among team members
A meeting will be conducted with the instructor once a week to ensure that the team is on the right track and solve any problem that might appear
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SOLUTION APPROACH In order to provide easy communication between the team members and the client, Data Retrieved System (DRS) is required.
o This system helps to keep in touch with the advisor and all the team members.
A website will be prepared with all project documents for easy access by the team members and the client
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DESIGN’S BACKGROUND
Tools of solving:o Forward methods (example: ECT)o Inverse methods
Previous solutions for monitoring pipelines:o Optical sensors to distinguish gas flowo Ultrasonic sensors to distinguish water and oil
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ECONOMICS
Our project does not cost a lot because it needs:
o Few instruments o Software codes (will be built by the team)
Improving the project in a future stage can help the device to work as an early detector of fluid leakage save the company’s money
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TESTING AND VALIDATION PLAN
Hardware Testing
Software Testing
Software & Hardware Interface Testing
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TESTING AND VALIDATION PLAN Hardware Testingo Initial testing to match the practical results with the
theoretical concepts
o Make sure that the instrument is not affected by any external interference and if it does, an screen layer has to be provided
o Checking the instrument ability to withstand high temperature and pressure
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TESTING AND VALIDATION PLANSoftware Testingo Software interconnection with the hardware
o Two software programs interface which are MATLAB LabView programs
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PROJECT SCHEDULE Different matrix and chart that set the details of the deliverable of this project and their deadline have been produced
The Percent Complete Matrix designed to represent the responsibility of each team member and help in keep track of the project accomplishments
The Gant Chart
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FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT For experimental purposes, we are using impedance analyzer to measure the capacitance effect into two parallel plates
In the hardware part:
o Pipe o Number of electrodeso Electrode multiplexer or analog multiplexer
In the software part:
o Labview programo Matlab program
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BUDGETThe cost of the project will consist of two budgets
The research budget which will almost cost of 100 $ will be funded by Electrical Engineering department at the Petroleum Institute
The products/equipment ordered from some vendors companies
*This equipment will provided by Electrical Engineering department at the Petroleum Institute 20
REPORTING, MAINTENANCE AND UPGRADE PLANS Submitting a weekly work-in-progress report (mints) to update the client once the project has startedo Date of the conducted meetingo Topics and the issues discussed during the meetingo Tasks distributed with deadlineso Brief description of each tasko Next topic to be prepared and meeting dateo Comments and important notes
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REPORTING, MAINTENANCE AND UPGRADE PLANS Having maintenance and upgrade plans report
o Details about changes made in case of any replacements in certain parts with reasons of replacements, and how effective these changes are
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DELIVERABLES Full description of how each product will be produced and handed for the client
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SOCIETAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS The design will help the oil industry to recover a huge amount of oil savings
Since we are using AC power to turn on our device, we can use one of the renewable energy sources to minimize the effect on the environment by using DC to AC convertor
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PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING ETHICS Engineering ethics is one of the most important issues in any engineering project
Ethics’ codes were produced as a reference during the project
The only main highlighted ethical issue that is involved in this project is the “copy-right” issue since this project will include different software programs from different companies
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SUSTAINABILITY
All the documents, that include the technical descriptions of the hardware and the software as well as the prototype results, will be saved in a CD as a softcopy backup for both the client and the group
Two softcopies can be uploaded in both a special EE program webpage and internet blog
Another way of documenting is by installing the prototype in one of the workshop with a hardcopy manual
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MANUFACTURABILITY
The final report will include all the product specifications, conditions and the operation method
The operator health and safety which is considered as a very important document in manufacturability
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HEALTH AND SAFETY
Each member should fully understand the lab safety rules document written by EE department
The presence of the project supervisor is required when implementing the design at the first time
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MANAGEMENT Formal and informal meetings with the Project
Supervisor
Formal report Dr. Abdurrahim El-Keib, Professor and Program Director.Dr. Mahmoud Meribout and Dr. Khaled Al-Wahedi , Project SupervisorMr. Wael El Sokary, Communication Instructor
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CONCLUSIONSTeam members: Thuraya Al-Hanaei, Fatima Al-Zaabi, Rehab Bani-Hashim, Sameya Al-Ghafri
Task: design a tomography device which performs real-time two dimensional image reconstruction of the fluid passing through a pipe
Time Frame: October 1, 2010 -May 5th , 2011
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REFERENCES [1] P. TSOURLOS, J. E. SZYMANSKI and G. N. TSOKAS, “A generalized iterative back-projection algorithm for 2-D reconstruction of resistivity data: application to data-sets from archaeological sites”, Journal of Balkan Geophysical Society, Vol.8, No.2, May, 2005.
[2] J. Mirkowski, W. Smolik, M. Yang, T. Olsezewski, R. Szabatin, D. Radomski and W. Yang, “A New Forward Problem Solver Based on a Capacitor Mesh Model for Electrical Capacitance Tomography”, IEEE, 2008.
[3] J.C. Gamio, C. Ortiz-Aleman and R.Martin, “Electrical capacitance tomograpghy two-phase oil-gas pipe flow imaging by the linear back-projection algorithm”, Geofisica International (2005), vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 265-273.
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