Download - Acceleration of Global Contact The Age of Exploration 1405-1700s The Age of Exploration 1405-1700s
Acceleration of Global ContactAcceleration of Global Contact
The Age of Exploration
1405-1700s
The Age of Exploration
1405-1700s
Indian Ocean BackgroundIndian Ocean Background
• Southeast Asia: – Sparsely populated compared to Europe,
India, China– Rice cultivation and reproductive role gave
women power and economic access. • Husbands family paid “bride wealth” which wife
controlled throughout marriage.• Married couples lived in wife’s village• Divorce resulted in equal division of property and
children.
• Southeast Asia: – Sparsely populated compared to Europe,
India, China– Rice cultivation and reproductive role gave
women power and economic access. • Husbands family paid “bride wealth” which wife
controlled throughout marriage.• Married couples lived in wife’s village• Divorce resulted in equal division of property and
children.
Early Exploration Early Exploration
• Zheng He (1370s-1453)--China
– Seven trade voyages into and around the Indian Ocean (Africa, SE Asia, Korea, India…)
• Zheng He (1370s-1453)--China
– Seven trade voyages into and around the Indian Ocean (Africa, SE Asia, Korea, India…)
Early Exploration Early Exploration
• Eric the Red and Leif Ericson--Viking
– Greenland, Iceland, Ireland.
– First Europeans to reach North America
• Eric the Red and Leif Ericson--Viking
– Greenland, Iceland, Ireland.
– First Europeans to reach North America
European ExplorationEuropean Exploration
• Factors in European Exploration– Centralized Governments
• Rise of the Monarchs--Ferdinand and Isabella
– Technology• Cannon, Shipbuilding, Magnetic Compass, Map
Making
• Factors in European Exploration– Centralized Governments
• Rise of the Monarchs--Ferdinand and Isabella
– Technology• Cannon, Shipbuilding, Magnetic Compass, Map
Making
European MotivationsEuropean Motivations
• Religious Conversion– Desire to Christianize page
world at large
• Rise of the Aristocracy– European nobles are
hording wealth and land in Europe
– Foreign opportunity for success, wealth, and status
• Religious Conversion– Desire to Christianize page
world at large
• Rise of the Aristocracy– European nobles are
hording wealth and land in Europe
– Foreign opportunity for success, wealth, and status
• Government Sponsorship
• Spice Trade– New routs needed as
traditional land routs ended.
• Profit, Profit, Profit– “I have come to win gold,
not plow the fields like a peasant.” H. Cortes.
• Government Sponsorship
• Spice Trade– New routs needed as
traditional land routs ended.
• Profit, Profit, Profit– “I have come to win gold,
not plow the fields like a peasant.” H. Cortes.
Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus
• The Problem of Christopher Columbus– What kind of man was
he?– What were his goals– What did he make of
his Discovery?
• The Problem of Christopher Columbus– What kind of man was
he?– What were his goals– What did he make of
his Discovery?
Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange
• Food, Crops, and Animals– Wheat, vines, cattle, horses,
pigs, sheep goats, and chickens to Americas.
– Maize, potatoes, beans, tomatoes, peppers, peanuts, papayas, avocadoes to Europe, Africa, Asia.
• Eurasian population growth from 425 million in 1500AD to 610 million in 1700.
• Food, Crops, and Animals– Wheat, vines, cattle, horses,
pigs, sheep goats, and chickens to Americas.
– Maize, potatoes, beans, tomatoes, peppers, peanuts, papayas, avocadoes to Europe, Africa, Asia.
• Eurasian population growth from 425 million in 1500AD to 610 million in 1700.
• Biological exchange– Diseases: Small pox,
measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, enfluenza killed as many as 90% of central Mexico
– By 1530: small pox spread from Mexico to Great Lakes region
• Biological exchange– Diseases: Small pox,
measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, enfluenza killed as many as 90% of central Mexico
– By 1530: small pox spread from Mexico to Great Lakes region
Conquest of Aztec MexicoConquest of Aztec Mexico
• Hernado Cortez landed in Veracruz 1519
• Captured Montezumma II, Aztec Emperor; took control of much of Aztec Mexico
• Hernado Cortez landed in Veracruz 1519
• Captured Montezumma II, Aztec Emperor; took control of much of Aztec Mexico
How did 600 Spanish Conquer the Aztec empire? How did 600 Spanish Conquer the Aztec empire? • Timing
– Spanish arrived in Harvest Season
– Spanish appeared to be part of religious mythology
• Spanish recruitment– enemies of the Aztec
empire
• Timing– Spanish arrived in
Harvest Season– Spanish appeared to
be part of religious mythology
• Spanish recruitment– enemies of the Aztec
empire
• Montezuma welcomed Cortes
• Warfare, Technology, and Disease – Aztec ceremonial warfare– Cannons, muskets, steel
swords, crossbows. – Small pox: Mexico pop.
Decline from 17 million to 1.3 million (90%) after 1519.
• Montezuma welcomed Cortes
• Warfare, Technology, and Disease – Aztec ceremonial warfare– Cannons, muskets, steel
swords, crossbows. – Small pox: Mexico pop.
Decline from 17 million to 1.3 million (90%) after 1519.