![Page 1: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Acids and BasesThe pH scale
![Page 2: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in
common?
![Page 3: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Characteristics of Acids
• Taste Sour• React with
metals• Often produce
hydrogen gas• Can burn your
skin
![Page 4: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What do milk, Comet, and Tums have in common?
![Page 5: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Characteristics of Bases
• Taste Bitter• Feel Slippery• Neutralize
Acids– Antacids
• Dissolve grease
![Page 6: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
But, what exactly are acids and
bases?
![Page 7: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
•Substance that ionizes in water to give hydrogen ions (H+)
Acid
![Page 8: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Examples of Acids
• HCl
• H2SO4
• HNO3
• HF• Juices
![Page 9: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
•Substance that ionizes in water to give hydroxide ions (OH-)
Base
![Page 10: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Examples of Bases
• NaOH
• Ca(OH)2
• KOH• Soap,
Ammonia, Baking Soda
![Page 11: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The pH Scale
•Measurement system that indicates the concentration of H+ ions in solution.–The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.
![Page 12: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The pH Scale
•pH = “power of hydrogen”–Each step increases by a power of ten
![Page 13: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
pH Scale
![Page 14: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Acidic Solutions
• Solutions with a pH below 7 are called acidic because they have more H+ ions than OH- ions.
• The lower the pH, the greater the acidity.
![Page 16: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Basic Solutions
• Solutions with a pH above 7 are called basic because they have more OH- ions than H+ ions.
• The higher the pH, the more basic the solution.
![Page 18: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
pH
Sca
le
![Page 20: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
pH and Water
• Why does water have a pH of 7?– Hydronium ions = hydroxide ions – (H+) = (OH-)
H20 H+ + OH-
![Page 21: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
pH paper
![Page 22: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Litmus paper
![Page 23: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Litmus paper
![Page 24: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Interesting fact…
Water can act as an acid or a base!!!
![Page 25: Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f2b5503460f94c46a83/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Video Clip