Addressing dan SubnettingIr. S.N.M.P. Simamora, MT.
Laboratorium JaringanJurusan Ilmu Komputer
F-MIPABandung 2006
Referensi:
1) Shinde, S. 2006. Computer Network. New Age International Ld, Pubsh.
2) Simamora, S.N.M.P. 2003. JaringanKomputer. Departemen SistemKomputer, Fak.Teknik, ITHB. Bandung
IP Address
• Terletak pada lapisan ke-2 TCP/IP• Bertindak sebagai identifikasi pada jaringan
komputer saat komunikasi data berlangsung• Terdiri dari 4 class:
– Class A: 255.0.0.0– Class B: 255.255.0.0– Class C: 255.255.255.0– Class D: untuk multi-casting– Class E: untuk keperluan khusus
• Saat ini menggunakan v4, dikembangkan v6 dengan alasan keterbatasan ‘stock’ nomor IP.
Subnet IP Address
• Misalkan:185.212.23.23/16Artinya: IP Address tersebut berada padasubnet-mask: 255.255.0.0255.255.0.0 = 11111111.11111111.0.0 16bit
• Misalkan:110.165.25.47/8Artinya: IP Address tersebut berada padasubnet-mask: 255.0.0.0255.0.0.0 = 11111111.0.0.0 8 bit
Subnetting IPv4
Konsep ini disebut Classless Inter-Domain Routing(CIDR)
Point-to-Point IPv4: Class A
125.162.24.30255.0.0.0
125.163.24.30255.0.0.0
Point-to-Point IPv4: Class B
190.162.24.30255.255.0.0
190.162.30.24255.255.0.0
Point-to-Point IPv4: Class C
196.162.24.20255.255.255.0
196.162.24.30255.255.255.0
Range Class IP Address
• Class A: 1 – 126• Class B: 128 – 191• Class C: 192 – 223
Hal utama dalam keterkaitanSubnetting IP Address
• Jumlah subnet• Jumlah host per subnet• Blok subnet• Alamat host dan broadcast valid
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.128.0.0
11111111 10000000 00000000 00000000
9 bit, dituliskan: 255.128.0.0/9
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.192.0.0
11111111 11000000 00000000 00000000
10 bit, dituliskan: 255.192.0.0/10
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.224.0.0
11111111 11100000 00000000 00000000
11 bit, dituliskan: 255.224.0.0/11
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.240.0.0
11111111 11110000 00000000 00000000
12 bit, dituliskan: 255.240.0.0/12
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.240.0.0
11111111 11110000 00000000 00000000
12 bit, dituliskan: 255.240.0.0/12
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.248.0.0
11111111 11111000 00000000 00000000
13 bit, dituliskan: 255.248.0.0/13
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.252.0.0
11111111 11111100 00000000 00000000
14 bit, dituliskan: 255.252.0.0/14
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.254.0.0
11111111 11111110 00000000 00000000
15 bit, dituliskan: 255.254.0.0/15
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.0.0
11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000
16 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.0.0/16
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.128.0
11111111 11111111 10000000 00000000
17 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.128.0/17
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.192.0
11111111 11111111 11000000 00000000
18 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.192.0/18
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.224.0
11111111 11111111 11100000 00000000
19 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.224.0/19
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.240.0
11111111 11111111 11110000 00000000
20 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.240.0/20
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.248.0
11111111 11111111 11111000 00000000
21 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.248.0/21
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.252.0
11111111 11111111 11111100 00000000
22 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.252.0/22
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.254.0
11111111 11111111 11111110 00000000
23 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.254.0/23
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.0
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
24 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.0/24
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.128
11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000
25 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.128/25
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.192
11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000
26 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.192/26
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.224
11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000
27 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.224/27
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.240
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000
28 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.240/28
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.248
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111000
29 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.248/29
Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.252
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111100
30 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.252/30
Kasus: Lakukan perencanaan subnetting 198.20.15.20/27
255.255.255.224
11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000
a) Jumlah subnet: 2x ; x = 3 bit23 = 8 subnet
27 bit = 8 bit + 8 bit + 8 bit + 3 bit
Kasus: Lakukan perencanaan subnetting 198.20.15.20/20
b) Jumlah host per subnet: 2y - 2 ; y = 8-3= 5 bit25 – 2 = 30 host
c) Blok subnet: 256 - z ; z = desimal subnet tersisa ; z = 128+64+32 = 224256 – 224 = 32
255.255.255.224
Blok subnet: 0,32,64,96,128,160,192,224
Kasus: Lakukan perencanaan subnetting 198.20.15.20/20
d) IP Address host dan broadcast yang valid, disajikan berikut: