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ADOPTING A STANDARD: A MORE AGILE APPROACH
Edwina LuiInformation Architect, Kaplan Publishing
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KAPLAN TEST PREP
Graduate ProgramsPreparation for business, medical, law, and
graduate admissions exams
Precollege ProgramsTutoring/test prep for K-8 state test readiness,
college prep, and K12 teacher resources
Health ProgramsProfessional licensing preparation programs for
doctors and nurses
Bar ReviewComprehensive and Multi-State bar review for
aspiring lawyers
Kaplan PublishingPrint and digital course and retail materials for KTP’s
strategic business units (SBUs)
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KAPLAN PRODUCTS (SOME OF THEM...)
Print Books EPUBs
Mobile Apps Qbanks
iBooks
Online Tests
Courses
Tutoring
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DITA XML
- Darwin Information Typing Architecture
- current official release: 1.2; upcoming release: 1.3
- open XML standard with large, active community
- free DITA Open Toolkit (DITA-OT) provides base publishing pipelines to many outputs
- open DITA for Publishers (D4P) project provides publishing pipelines and specializations specific to publishing industry
- mature model with broad existing tool support
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SHOPPING LIST
✓ specialized DITA 1.2 + DITA-OT
✓desktop XML editor
✓web-based XML editor
✓enterprise CCMS
✓custom XSLTs
✓digital asset management system
✓consultants (x5)
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SOUNDS GREAT, BUT...
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IS A STANDARD STILL A STANDARD IF YOU CUSTOMIZE IT?- 3 separate implementations of specialized DITA across Kaplan Inc.:
- Kaplan Test Prep: DITA 1.2
- Kaplan University: DITA 1.2 + QTI 2.1
- Kaplan Professional Education: DITA 1.3 + Learning & Training
- version management:
- DITA 1.2 released Dec 2010
- DITA 1.3 in development, release date TBD
- DITA 2.0 proposals being drafted, release date TBD
- specialization away from the open standard will mandate customization of tools, etc.
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“If you build it, they will come...right?”
- user onboarding is often more challenging than anticipated; e.g., varying levels of XML familiarity
- stakeholder readiness may be low due to current business requirements, legacy infrastructure, etc.
- midstream transitioning to new systems and standards is complex (to say the least)
- large-scale change can lead to crippling user fatigue, especially if multiple tools/processes/standards are introduced at once
- in eyes of stakeholders, long-term benefits may not outweigh short-term pain of transition
FIELD OF DREAMS
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THE KEY: EFFECTIVE CHANGE
MANAGEMENT
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MAINTAIN THE STANDARD
- internal governance of implemented standard with major stakeholders, including variants of standard
- active participation in open standard community
- regular reviews of standard against current business requirements
- ongoing training for active users, either as trainees or trainers themselves
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PACE YOURSELF
- don’t ignore “curmudgeons” in favor of early adopters
- fewer users left behind, more successful transition
- retain adequate support for existing processes if clean break not possible
- consider smaller improvements as part of the larger leap
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LOOK FOR MORE OPPORTUNITIES
- authoring style guide
- content model for authoring and/or storage
- legacy content files; e.g., InDesign
- bug reports and reporting process
- training documentation
- instructional design and pedagogy
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ONGOING FEEDBACK
- solicit feedback throughout implementation of new standard, not just at end
- actively seek out both positive and negative comments
- adjust training, documentation, implementation, etc. (easier if it’s done in increments)
- feedback is more constructive if it’s based on actual use of the new standard or system
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SEE? SIMPLE.*
Edwina LuiInformation Architect, Kaplan Publishing
*Not really.
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