Download - African Americans at Mid-Century
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African Americans at Mid-Century
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racism: prejudice based on race
discrimination: unequal treatment based on a person’s race, gender, religion, place of
birth, or other arbitrary characteristic
segregation: the social separation of groups of people,
especially by race
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19A: Working Conditions of Slaves
• Slaves work from sunup to sundown.• Some slaves worked in the fields.• Some slaves worked in the house.• Some slaves were skilled craftspeople.• Slaves began to work at age six.
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19B: Living Conditions of Slaves
• Slaves lived crowded together in crude cabins.• Few slaves went hungry. They ate cornmeal,
bacon, molasses, & food from gardens & hunting.
• Slaves wore course linen called “negro cloth.”• Medical treatment was provided, but was not
very good.
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19C: Controlling Slaves
• Beating• Whipping• Branding• Keeping slaves as ignorant & dependent as
possible• Instilling fear
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19D: Resistance to Slavery
• Slaves broke tools.• Slaves worked sloppily.• Slaves took food from their owners’ kitchens.• Slaves acted dumb or sick.• Slaves refused orders, ran away, or openly
revolted.
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19E: Slave Families & Communities
• Positive Aspects:– Most slaves grew up in families with both a father
& a mother.– Tight-knit slave families & communities helped
slaves cope with slavery.• Negative Aspects:– Laws did not protect slave families.– Owners could break up families through the sale
of one slave.
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19F: Leisure Time Activities
• Quilting bees• Corn-husking parties• Singing & dancing• Telling tales• Going to church• Playing games
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19G: Slave Churches
• The word invisible refers to the fact that slaves had to hide their religious beliefs.
• Slave masters tried to use religion to control their slaves.
• Slaves worked hard to establish their own, invisible church that expressed their own experience.
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19H: African American Culture
• Slaves used African images, such as animals, in their quilts.
• Slave spirituals used African rhythms & harmonies.
• Slaves dances were based on African traditions.
• Slaves told stories that incorporated African legends & folktales.