Download - Age Of Exploration And Conquest Mckay 15 2&3
Age of Exploration and Conquest
Bozeman High School – AP European History
McKay et al., 7th ed. – Chapter 15, Section 2 & 3
Causes
Crusades by-pass intermediaries to get to Asia.
Renaissance curiosity about other lands and peoples.
Reformation refugees & missionaries. Monarchs seeking new sources of
revenue. Technological advances. Fame and fortune.
Causes
“God, Glory and Gold”-- Igor Babailov
Causes--Cartography
Waldseemuller’s (1507)
Causes--Technology
Sextant
compassAstrolabe
Causes--Ships
Exploration by Countries
Portugal
Water route to Asia Prester John Prince Henry the
Navigator (1394-1460) School of Navigation Ceuta 1415
Bartholomew Dias (1450-1500) Rounded S. Tip of
Africa
Portugal Vasco da Gama
All water expedition to India 1498
Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512) Explored Brazil “New World”
Brazil Portugal’s
Major colony in the New World
Goods and Slaves
Spain
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506)
1492 Bahamas “Indies” somewhere west
of India
Significance is it ushered in an era of European exploration and domination
Spain
Bartholomew de las Casas (1474-1566) A Brief Account of the
Destruction of the Indies (1552)
Criticized ruthless treatment with Amerindians
Writings spread ideas that Spanish treating them the worst
Spain Treaty of Tordesillas (1492)
Spain
Vasco Balboa (1475-1517)
Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521)
Spain-Conquistadores
Hernando Cortés (1485-1547)
Spain-Conquistadores
Francisco Pizarro (1478-1541)
Spanish Empire in New World
Resembled more the “New Imperialism” of late 19th and early 20th c by outright conquering entire regions and subjugating their population 1545-Potosí in Peru ushered in the “golden
age”Encomienda systemMestizosCreoles
“Old Imperialism” in Africa and Asia
Forts and Posts along the coast not penetrating inland
Alphonso d’Albuquerque (1453-1515) Foundation for Portuguese
imperialism in 16th and 17th Control Indian Ocean Francis Xavier (1506-1552)
Jesuit missionaries to Asia Dutch Republic
Dutch East India Company Expelled Portuguese
France
Northwest Passage Jacques Cartier
(1491-1557) St. Lawrence River
France’s first settlement in New World, not founded until 1608
England
Relatively Late in exploration game
John Cabot (1425-1500) Henry VII not interested in
colonization since no gold and silver
1607 Jamestown Tens of thousands of
Englishmen came to the eastern coast of North America in 17th &18th c.
Slave Trade
asiento Portugal first
introduced slavery in Brazil to farm the sugar plantations
Estimated 50 million Africans died or became slaves during 17th &18th C