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Aim: How can we describe the structure of carbohydrates ?
Do NowComplete WorksheetHW due tomorrow
Quiz on Friday
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MonosaccharidesSimple sugars with 3 to 7 carbon atomsGlucose, fructose, galactose
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Monosaccharide
Milk Sugar Fruit Sugar
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Carbohydrates
FIGURE 2–11 The Formation and Breakdown of Complex Sugars.
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Carbohydrates
FIGURE 2–11 The Formation and Breakdown of Complex Sugars.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson
Benjamin Cummings
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Carbohydrates
FIGURE 2–11 The Formation and Breakdown of Complex Sugars.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
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Carbohydrates
FIGURE 2–11 The Formation and Breakdown of Complex Sugars.
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Building sugars
• Dehydration synthesis
glycosidic linkage
|glucose
|glucose
monosaccharides disaccharide
|maltose
- Bond between 2 monosaccharide's
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Building sugars• Dehydration Synthesis
monosaccharides
|fructose
|glucose
|sucrose
(table sugar)
disaccharide
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Disaccharides
– sucrose = glucose & fructose– maltose = glucose & glucose– lactose = glucose & galactose (lactose
intolerance)
Two simple sugars condensed by dehydration synthesis
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Disaccharide
Maltose is two glucose molecules; forms in digestive tract of humans during starch digestion.
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Polysaccharides
– Cellulose (a structural component of plants)
– Starch (main energy reserve in plants)
– Glycogen (energy reserve in animals)
Many monosaccharides condensed by dehydration synthesis
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Polysaccharide
Starch is straight chain of glucose molecules with few side branches.
Types of Carbs
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Starch vs. Cellulose
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Share and Pair Summary Activity
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Summary
1. Distinguish inorganic and organic compounds.
2. Why are carbohydrates important?3. Explain why glucose is a simple
monosaccharide.4. Why does synthesis and hydrolysis pertain to
carbohydrates?