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Alexander’s Conquests
• Lead him Further East: – More interested in expanding the Empire than ruling it – Crosses the Indus River and defeats the Persians
• Why is expansion East so important?
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Alexander’s Legacy• United Greece
– After his death, empire fell apart• Divided into 3 kingdoms
– Macedon, Egypt, & Syria
• Hellenism: Spread into Asia– Greek culture blended with Egyptian, Persian, & Indian
influences• Alexander spread Greek technology and ideas throughout his
empire
– He brought to the Persians the Greek way of life• cities were placed on trade routes: goods b/w East & West
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The Roman Coliseum has a strong Hellenistic influence.
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What buildings in the USA have a Hellenistic influence?
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Lincoln Memorial
BBC - Schools - Ancient Greece Theatre
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GREEK CULTURE
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Phidias’ AcropolisPhidias’ Acropolis
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The Acropolis TodayThe Acropolis Today
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Classical Architecture
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Types of Columns…Doric Columns of the
Parthenon
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Ionic columns Corinthian-style
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Classical Greek Art
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Balance, symmetry, harmony
Showing the proportionate human form was of importance.
Most famous sculptor: Phidias
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Greek Drama
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Theatre
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Hellenism
The East Meets The West
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Alexandria, Egypt• Center of all Hellenistic culture.
– Thriving commerce– Mixture of eastern/western cultures
melded
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Hellenistic Science & Tech
• Astronomy: Aristarchus v. Ptolemy– Aristarchus = sun is 300x larger than
Earth & heliocentric theory– Ptolemy = geocentric theory
– Eratosthenes = circumference of earth is between 28-29,000 mi. Actual circumference is 24,860!
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Hellenistic Mathematics
• Geometry: Euclid– The Elements– Theorems/postulates are unchanged today!
• Physics: Archimedes– 3.14…..... Importance? – Law of the lever– Compound pulley
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Hellenistic Art• Qualities: Display emotion & action
– Meant to commemorate heroes, honor gods.
– Ordinary people served as inspiration too
vs.
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Hellenistic Art
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Hellenistic Art
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Hellenistic Art Cont’d
vs.
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Classical or Hellenistic?