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AMPUTATIONBY SRN REGINALD RODDY SIEFREDA&E DepartmentMahkota Medical Centre
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Amputation: the surgical removal of apart of the body, a limb or part of a limb
What is Amputattion ?
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Causative Factors of Amputations Peripheral arterial
disease Diabetes Mellitus Gangrene (due to the
complication of # &plaster cast )
Trauma (crushing,frost bite, burns)
Congenital deformities Chronic Osteomyelitis Malignant Tumor
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Peripheral Arterial DiseaseNormal Artery and Artery With Plaque Buildup
Blocked blood flow to your legscan cause pain and numbness.It also can raise your risk ofgetting an infection in theaffected limbs. Your body mayhave a hard time fighting theinfection.
If severe enough, blocked bloodflow can cause gangrene (tissue
death). In very serious cases,this can lead to leg amputation.
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Frostbite occurs when skin andother tissues are exposed to verycold temperatures.
It can happen within minutesfollowing exposure to extremetemperatures, or even in abovefreezing temperatures if there is a
strong wind (wind chill), or if theperson is wet or at a highaltitude.
Frostbite
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Frostbite usually affects thehands, feet, nose, cheeks, andears. Superficial frostbite injuresthe skin and tissues just beneaththe skin, but usually does notpermanently injure tissue.
Deep frostbite, which also affects
muscle, nerves, and bloodvessels, may result in tissuedeath, a condition known asgangrene.
Frostbite cont ..
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Below Knee
Upper Knee
Finger
Hand up to shoulder
Parts of the body Affected
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Immediate Intervention Different cause might need
different interventions foran example :
a case coming in withtrauma amputated leg dueto MVA for that case themain intervention is tocontrol the bleeding toprevent hypovolemic shock
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What To Do if the Body PartDetached ?????
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If the body part is completelydetached, control bleeding aftercleansing the site by covering thewound with a pressure dressing.
Then wrap the amputated bodypart in sterile gauze moistenedwith sterile saline solution or
sterile water
Immediate Interventions
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put it in a watertight plasticcontainer or resealable plasticbag, and label it with the
patient's name and the time Place the container in an icedsaline bath
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Freezing an amputated bodypart can damage the tissue,
So never let it come in direct
contact with ice. And neveruse dry ice to preserve it.
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In general, the ischemic timefor digits is up to eight hours,compared to four to six hours
for extremities Although cooling the
amputated body part may
prolong ischemic time, it'scrucial to evaluate the patientand attempt replantation asquickly as possible
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Nursing Care Plan
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Nursing Diagnosis Impaired physical mobility related to loss of limb
Outcomes Maintain position of function as evidence by absence
of contracture
Nx Intervention Assist with specified ROM exercise for both affected
& un affected limbs beginning in early postoperative stage
Rationale Prevents contracture from forming where it can
develop rapidly and delay prosthesis usage
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Nursing Diagnosis Risk of infection related to invasive procedure ,
environmental status
Outcomes Achieve timely wound healing, be free from
purulent drainage/erythema & be afebrile
Nx Intervention Maintain aseptic technique when changing dressing
/ caring for the wound
Rationale Minimizing opportunity for introduction of
bacteria/infection
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