Download - ANIMAL KINGDOM
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ANIMAL KINGDOMPgs. 294-302
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All members of the Kingdom Animalia have the following
characteristics: Type of cells: EUKARYOTICCellular organization: MULTICELLULARType of reproduction: ASEXUAL/SEXUALFood production: HETEROTROPHIC BY INGESTION
The Aye-Aye is a nocturnal animal that lives in Madagascar.
The angler fish The Kiwi bird, although only the size of a chicken lays an egg that weighs about 1 pound!.
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Animals are Multi-CellularLet’s Review:
Cells: basic unit of structure and function in living things are arranged into…..Tissues: similar cells that perform a specific function are arranged into……Organs: group of several different tissues are arranged into…...Organ systems: groups of organs that perform a broad function
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All animals, no matter their size, appearance or habitat they live in carry out
the SAME functions.• Get food and oxygen
• Keep internal conditions stable
• Move
• Reproduce
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Animals EAT!• Animals have certain
adaptations that allow them to eat a certain diet.– Ex. fangs. talons, claws,
pinchers, sharp teeth, etc.
• Being heterotrophic gives an animal energy for breathing and moving.
• Digestion is internal– Food is broken down
INSIDE the body.
Manatees are herbivores and can fill 90% of their lungs with oxygen. This allows them to stay under water for 20 minutes feeding on plants.
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Animals and Homeostasis• Animals MUST
maintain a stable environment inside their bodies in order to survive.– Body temperature– Levels of oxygen in
blood– Levels of sugar in the
blood
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Animals Move!• All animals move AT
SOME POINT IN THEIR LIVES.
• Animals move to meet their basic needs– Make and maintain a
shelter– Find food– Get water– Find a mate
Coral is an animal that is stationary during its adult life but moves during its early stage of life.
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Animals Reproduce!
• Sexual reproduction: the fertilization of an egg by sperm – (2 sex cells join)
• Asexual reproduction: a new organism reproduces another organism similar to itself– (one parent)
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Classification of Animals• The animal kingdom
is divided in to phyla.• All vertebrates are
divided into one phylum, while all the other invertebrates make up the remaining animal phyla.
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Animals are classified by their body structure, DNA, and how it develops.
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BASIC BODY CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS
Body symmetry - the way body parts are arranged around a point or central axis. Directions on the body - used to describe areas on the body of an animal. Pattern of body development - a sequence of developmental steps. Formation of germ layers - layers of specialized cells in the early development.
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BODY SYMMETRY BILATERAL - THE BODY CAN BE
DIVIDED INTO TWO IDENTICAL HALVES BY ONLY ONE SPECIFIC PLANE THROUGH THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS.
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BODY SYMMETRY RADIAL -
THE BODY CAN BE DIVIDED INTO TWO IDENTICAL HALVES BY ANY PLANE THAT PASSES THROUGH THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS.
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BODY SYMMETRY ASYMMETRICAL -
THE BODY HAS NO DEFINITE SHAPE AND CANNOT BE DIVIDED INTO TWO IDENTICAL HALVES.
Sea sponge is asymmetrical
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DIRECTIONS ON AN ANIMAL BODY
DORSAL -TOP SURFACEANTERIOR -
FRONT END
VENTRAL -BOTTOM SURFACE
POSTERIOR -HIND END
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Developmental Stages1.ZYGOTE-THE FERTILIZED EGG.
2. EMBRYO-THE DEVELOPING FERTILIZED EGG.
3. FETUS-THE EMBRYO HAS DEVELOPED TO THE POINT THAT IT BEGINS TO RESEMBLE THE MATURE ORGANISM.
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Vertebrate embryos look alike in their early development
1.
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GERM LAYERS• WHAT IS A GERM LAYER?
•Specialization of body tissues in common animals.•2 or 3 germ layers may develop while the animal is forming•These cell layers become specific structures and organs in the animal.
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a.ECTODERM-CELLS ON THE OUTSIDE THAT BECOME THE BODY COVERINGBODY COVERING.
b.MESODERM-A MIDDLE LAYER OF CELLS THAT FORMS MUSCLES AMUSCLES AND INTERIOR ORGANSND INTERIOR ORGANS.
c.ENDODERM- INSIDE CELLS THAT FORM THE GUTGUT