ANNUAL REPORT 2007
TANGKULAP-SG. PINANGAH FOREST RESERVE – FMU 17A
FMU17A – AnnualReport2007 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Tangkulap Forest Reserve and part of Sg. Pinangah Forest Reserve forms FMU 17A
and covers an area of 50,020 hectares. FMU 17A is a degraded forest due to
intensive and unplanned harvesting in the past. It is envisaged that they will be no
harvesting for the next 20 years. Human intervention is inevitable. Aggressive
tending (silviculture) and enrichment planting is needed to speed up the recovery of
the forest and make it productive again.
FMU 17A is managed by the management of Deramakot Forestry District. It is made
up of 91 compartments of manageable sizes and prescibed with the following forest
functions.
Conservation 1,909 ha (5 compartments)
Production (NFM) 37,396 ha (66 compartments)
Production (Intensive Forest Restoration) 10,715 ha (20 compartments)
The management of FMU 17A is concurrent to an approved 10-year Forest
Management Plan (2006 – 2015), and prescription of these management activities is
operationalised according to a Annual Work Plan, prepared by the management of
Deramakot Forestry District.
The major forest management activities are:
Silviculture Tending
Forest Rehabilitation
Intensive Forest Restoration involving harvesting for site preparation
Enrichment Planting
2 private companies have been awarded licences to carry out Intensive Forest
Restoration and 1 private company, a contract to do tending (silviculture) and
enrichment planting. They are:
Lebihasil S/B (SFMLA 01/2005)
Compartments 55 (545 ha) and 56 (627 ha)
Maxland S/B (SFMLA 01/2007)
Compartments 70 (655 ha) and 71 (322 ha)
Bumi Hijau S/B
4,000 ha annually (tending)
250 ha annually (enrichmnent planting)
Under the 9th Malaysia Plan (2006 – 2010), the State Governement of Sabah has
allocated RM18,998,600 to manage FMU 17A under SFM. For the year 2007, a
budget of RM3,929,000 was approved. It is also planned for FMU 17A to be certified
under the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) in 2008. Pre-assessment is now on-
FMU17A – AnnualReport2007 2
going to address all gaps prior to major assessment by SGS (a FSC accredited
auditing agency) for certification.
FMU17A – AnnualReport2007 3
FOREST OPERATION
1. HARVESTING
Although there is no harvesting as stated in the FMP, site preparation for Intensive
Forest Restoration which involves harvesting are carried out in compartments 55, 56,
70 and 71. For the year 2007, only compartment 55 has been harvested. Detail of
harvest is provided below
TABLE 1. HARVESTING OF COMPARTMENT 55 BY LEBIHASIL S/B (SFMLA 01/2005)
Compt. Sub-block
Size (ha)
Volume (m3) Royalty (RM) Status
55
A 104 4,073.05 219,592.41
Completed
B 156 2,778.34 152,852.80
C 63 1,672.57 97,501.70
D 80 1,034.60 52,210.78
E 69 1,858.82 97,768.33
F 54 1,660.07 91,181.10
545 13,077.45 711,107.12
2. TENDING (SILVICULTURE)
The objective of silviculture tending is to liberate and enhance growth of future crop
trees and bring them to harvestable size at the shortest time possible.
As of 2007, 11,438 ha have been tended at a cost of RM4,003,250.
TABLE 2. SILVICULTURE TENDING BY BUMI HIJAU S/B
Year Compartment No Area
Treated (ha)
Contract Fee (RM)
2004 12 143 50,000
2005 12,13,14,15 2,000 700,000
2006 1,2,3,16,32,33,49 4,000 1,400,000
2007 32,33,49,50,60,51,48,52 (AWP 2007) 4,000 1,400,000
52,36,46 (addition) 1,295 453,250
TOTAL 11,438 4,003,250
FMU17A – AnnualReport2007 4
3. FOREST REHABILITATION
Forest rehabilitation is deemed necessary because about 10,000 ha of the forest is
highly degraded with insufficient stocking and natural regeneration. There are two
approach to forest rehabilitation in FMU 17A.
Intensive Forest Restoration
Enrichment planting
3.1 INTENSIVE FOREST RESTORATION
Four compartments totaling about 2,000 ha have been identified. They are
compartments 55 (545 ha), 56 (627 ha), 70 (655 ha) and 71 (322 ha). Fast growing
indigenous tree species such as Laran, Binuang, Batai and Sepat is used for
planting.
Only compartment 55 with a hectarage of 399 ha has been planted by the licencee,
Lebihasil S/B in 2007.
TABLE 3. INTENSIVE FOREST RESTORATION PLANTING
Compt. Sub-block
Area (ha)
Species Status
55
A 97 Batai Planted
B 134 Not planted (Nursery/Saw
mill/Camp)
C 56 Binuang Planted
D 53 Bnuang, Laran & Magas Planted
E 59 Batai Planted
F 50 Not planted (research)
3.2 ENRICHMENT PLANTING
According to the FMP, a total area of 2,400 ha is required to be enriched with mixed
dipterocarps, fruit trees and fast growing indigenous species. For the year 2007, a
total area of 53 ha has been planted.
TABLE 4. ENRICHMENT PLANTING
Compt. Sub-block
Area (ha)
Species Date Planted
47 A 37 Campuran (Dipterocarps & fast
growing indigenous) Feb., 2007
15 4
Sentul, Bako-bako, Keranji, Obah, Mata kucing, Kayu
malam, Kerudung dan Sengkuang
Nov., 2006
22 12 Bnuang, Laran & Sepat Nov., 2006
53
FMU17A – AnnualReport2007 5
4. “OCCUPATION PERMIT”
17 occupation permits were issued for the year 2007. Roads for log extraction and
log yards for temporary log storage are the two main purpose for application of OPs
in FMU 17A. A total fee of RM 260,164.08 was collected from the year 2005 to 2007. TABLE 5. REVENUE COLLECTED FROM “OCCUPATION PERMIT”
Year Fees (RM)
2005 86,914.08
2006 81,500.00
2007 91,750.00
Total 260,164.08
FMU 17A – AnnualReport2007 6
TABLE 6. OCCUPATION PERMIT ISSUED (2007)
No. OP # OP OWNER EFFECTIVE PERIOD PURPOSE AREA (ha)
1. JP(DFR) OP 04/2005 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 01.09.2007-31.08.2009 Camp Site 0.436
2. JP(DFR) OP 02/2004 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 19.08.2007-18.08.2008 Log yard 3.54
3. JP(DFR) OP 01/2004 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 12.03.2007-11.03.2008 Log extraction 37
4. JP(DFR) OP 02/2005 Kontraktor Malaysia 01.04.2007-31.03.2008 Saw mill/log yard 2.177
5. JP(DFR) OP 01/2005 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 01.01.2007-31.12.2007 Log extraction 79.5
6. JP(DFR) OP 08/2005 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 01.09.2007-31.08.2008 Log yard 1.01
7. JP(DFR) OP 01/2006 Kontraktor Malaysia 21.03.2007-20.03.2008 Nursery 1.26
8. JP(DFR) OP 03/2005 Wajakaya Sdn. Bhd. 04.03.2007-03.03.2008 Extraction of oil palm
produce 24
9. JP(DFR) OP 05/2005 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 01.09.2006-31.08.2008 Log yard 1.197
10. JP(DFR) OP 02/2006 Bumi Hijau 23.03.2007-22.03.2008 Office/Nursery 1.0
11. JP(DFR) OP 03/2006 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 20.04.2007-19.04.2008 Workshop/Camp 1.7
12. JP(DFR) OP 04/2006 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 23.03.2007-22.03.2008 G/keeper’s house 1.08
13. JP(DFR) OP 01/2007 Lebihasil S/B 11.04.2007-10.04.2008 Saw mill/Camp/Log
yard 1.99
14. JP(DFR) OP 02/2007 Lebihasil S/B 11.04.2007-10.04.2008 Nursery 0.99
15. JP(DFR) OP 02/2007 Rakyat Berjaya Sdn. Bhd. 22.05.2007-21.05.2008 Log yard 1.80
16. JP(DFR) OP 04/2007 Maxland S/B 28.05.2007-27.05.2008 Camp/Nursery 2.4
17. JP(DFR) OP 05/2007 GRM Engineering S/B 01.11.2007-31.10.2008 Camp 0.53
TOTAL 161.61
FMU 17A – AnnualReport2007 7
5. WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND HCVF
5.1 OPPORTUNISTIC SIGHTINGS
FMU 17A supports a variety of wildlife as evident in records of sightings
(Opportunistic Sightings) camera trappings and Orang utan census. Record of
sightings for the year 2007 show that the most common mammalian species are the
Pygmy elephants, Bearded pig, Samba deer and Malay civet. The long tail macaque
and pig tailed macaque are the most commonly sighted primates. There were also
sightings of Orang utans (S. Suparlan, P. Lagan & A. Ahmad, 2007) and Proboscis
monkeys (B. Taraan, 2007). As for raptors, the Crested Serpent Eagle and the Black
Eagle are most common. The Brahminy Kite was also sighted (M. Salutan, 2007).
Refer to Table 7, Opportunistic Sightings 2007.
TABLE 7. OPPORTUNISTIC SIGHTINGS (2007)
SPECIES AND FREQUENCY OF SIGHTINGS/ENCOUNTERS
LOCALLY THREATENED
Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) 10 Pygmy Elephant 205 Tembadau / Banteng (Bos javanicus) 1 Clouded Leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) 2 Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus) 1 Borneon Gibbon (Hylobates muelleri) 3 Red Leaf Monkey (Presbytis rubicunda) 2 Helmeted Hornbill (Rhinplax vigil) 23
COMMON
Sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) 150 Bornean yellow muntjac (Muntiacus atherodes) 29 Bearded pig (Sus barbatus) 198 Lesser mouse-deer (Traulus javanicus) 67 Greater mouse-deer (Tragulus napu) 60 Flat-headed cat (Felis planiceps) 10 Leopard cat (Felis bengalensis) 23 Bay cat (Felis badia) 2 Malay civet (Viverra tangalunga ) 146 Common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) 78 Malay badger (Mydaus javanensis) 55 Oriental small-clawed otter (Aonyx (Amblonyx) cinerea) 11 Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) 41 Pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina) 48 Moonrat (Echinosorex gymnurus) 7 Thick-spined porcupine (Thecurus crassispinis) 15 Pangolin (Manis javanica) 21 Rhinoceros Hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros) 46 Pied Hornbill (Anthrococeros coronatus) 35 Argus Pheasant 30 Reticulated Python 5 Flying Lemur (Cynocephalus variegates) 6 Crested Serpent-Eagle (Spirlonis cheela) 37 Black Eagle (Ictinaetus malayensis) 8
FMU 17A – AnnualReport2007 8
Buffy Fish-owl (Ketupa ketupu) 17 Oriental darter 22 Hill Myrna (Gracula religiosa) 10 Flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus) 27 Crested Fireback 5 Black cobra 3 Monitor lizard 66 Binturong or Bear cat (Arctictis binturong) 1
5.2 ORANG UTAN The aerial census methodology (M. Ancrenaz, 2005) by counting Orang utan nests along pre-determined transects, is being used in FMU 17A. This exercise is carried out twice a year and the results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8. ORANG UTAN POPULATION (AERIAL ORANG UTAN NEST CENSUS)
Date of Census # of Individuals/km2 # of Orang-utan in Tangkulap FR
Jun-05 0.84 189
Nov-05 0.93 210
Jun-06 1.01 228
Nov-06 0.9 203
Aug-07 0.83 187
Nov-07 1.16 262
5.3 MALAYSIAN PALM OIL COUNCIL (MPOC) AND MOBILE WILDLIFE MONITORING UNIT
With the participation of the Sabah Forestry Department in the Malaysian Palm Oil
Promotional Council Seminar in London, MPOC has pledged a sum of RM300,000
for funding the setting up of a Mobile Wildlife Monitoring Unit in FMU 17A. This
include the purchase of 1 unit 4WD vehicle and employment of supporting staff.
The main logging road (Yayasan Sabah/Maxland OP) which runs through Tangkulap
Forest Reserve provide easy access to poachers. To curb illegal hunting, scheduled
ground patroling is carried out by the management of Deramakot Forestry District
and FMU 17A range office.
FMU 17A – AnnualReport2007 9
6. COST AND PROFIT
The actual costs of maintaining all forest management activities in FMU 17A for the
year was RM3,162,361.65 (refer Pie Chart). The government allocated budget for
the year was RM3,929,000, indicating a surplus of RM743,138.35. Returns from
Occupation Permit fees and royalties stood at RM802,857.12.
Culverts
0.2%
Purchase
heavy machinery 6%
Protection (Aerial Survey,
Boats, etc,)
0.3%Contract Fee -
Planting/Maintenance/
Nursery (4%)
Maintenance/Repair of
4WDs, Heavy Machinery,
Genset, Chain saw, etc.
10%
Buildings (New,
Maintenance & Repairs)
9%
Office (Papers, Films,
Cabinets, Camera, Phone
Bills, Copy Machine, etc,)
5%Implementation &
Supervision of AWP 2007
8%
Contract Fee
Silviculture (58%)
FMU 17A – AnnualReport2007 10
COMPARTMENT MAP OF TANGKULAP-PINANGAH FOREST RESERVE (FMU 17A)
S. Karamuak
4
1
5
8
34
16
2
7
66
22
78
17
6
3
31
60
8064
46
51
74
52
9
23
70
76
29
35
82
75
90
57
61
56
47
45
58
42
43
63
69
33
54
48
37
12
14
25
41
40
55
28
81
27
4986
72
44
20
84
62
26
10
91
39
65
30
83
67
19
36
13
77
11
15
68
38
32
50
18
24
85
89
79
59
88
21
71
53
87
73
992
939
887
870
859
849
799
772
769
761
757
753
749
745
694
655
653
652
642
638
636
635
634
628
627
625
621
616
611
602
595
587
586
574
573
565
563
550
547
546
545
544
540
536
522506
497
493
490
486
485
482
480
479
475
457
452
450
449
445
441
435
423
421
416
413
408
405
406
398
387
372
366
354
351
342
341
336
329
322
292
280
234
457
642
655
482
655 573
341
574
Sg. Milian
Sg
. Bin
alik
Sg. Karamuak
Sg. Malung
Sg
. N
um
ato
i
Sg
. L
iou
-Lio
u
Sg. N
obusu
Sg. B
an
gku
lat
Sg
. M
elia
u
Sg. Kun -Kun
Sg
. Pa
nta
ga
lua
ng
Sg. T angkulap
Sg. S enyum Sela lu
Sg. Tangkulap Besar
Sg . Ke lugu B esa r
Sg. T
ingka
Sg. Radapan
Sg. Kelugu Kecil
Sg
. Bu
ng
ka
s
Sg. P
inandu
an
Sg. Karam bituan
Sg
. Tim
ba
ng
Sg. Timbang
Sg. M
eli a
u
Sg
. K
ara
mua
k
Sg. T a
ngkulap B
esar
Sg. Milian
Sg. B
an
gkula
t
Sg. M
il ian
Sg. N umatoi
Sg. Milian
Sg. Kun-Kun
Sg. T angkulap Besar
5° 16.47'
5° 17.02'
5° 17.56'
5° 18.10'
5° 18.64'
5° 19.19'
5° 19.73'
5° 20.27'
5° 20.81'
5° 21.36'
5° 21.90'
5° 22.44'
5° 22.98'
5° 23.53'
5° 24.07'
5° 24.61'
5° 25.16'
5° 25.70'
5° 26.24'
5° 26.78'
5° 27.33'
5° 27.87'
5° 28.41'
5° 28.95'
5° 29.49'
5° 30.04'
5° 30.58'
5° 31.13'
5° 31.67'
11
7° 1
.86
'
11
7 1
4.3
2'
11
7 1
4.8
6'
11
7° 4
.03
'
11
7° 3
.49
'
11
7° 2
.95
'
11
7° 2
.40
'
11
7° 1
.32
'
11
7° 0
.78
'
11
7° 4
.57
'
11
7° 5
.11
'
11
7° 5
.65
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11
7° 6
.19
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11
7° 6
.74
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11
7° 7
.28
'
11
7° 7
.82
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11
7° 8
.36
'
11
7° 8
.90
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11
7° 9
.45
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11
7° 9
.98
'
11
7° 1
0.5
3'
11
7° 1
1.0
7'
11
7° 1
1.6
1'
11
7° 1
2.1
5'
11
7° 1
2.6
9'
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7° 1
3.2
4'
11
7° 1
3.7
8'
11
7° 1
5.4
0'
11
7° 1
5.9
4'
11
7° 1
6.4
8'
11
7° 1
7.0
3'
11
7° 1
7.5
7'
11
7° 1
8.1
1'
11
7° 1
8.6
5'
11
7° 1
9.1
9'
11
7° 1
9.7
3'
11
7° 2
0.2
7'
11
7° 2
0.8
2'
11
7° 2
1.3
6'
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7° 2
1.9
0'
11
7° 2
2.4
4'
813000
813000
816000
816000
819000
819000
822000
822000
825000
825000
828000
828000
831000
831000
834000
834000
837000
837000
840000
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843000
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846000
846000
849000
849000
852000
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855000
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ROAD MAP OF
TANGKULAP - PINANGAH FR. (FMU 17A)
Compartment boundary
Forest reserve boundaryRiver
LEGEND:
Main Road (Gravel)Secondary Road
Logging Road
N
1 0 1 2 Kilometers
Scale: 1:75,000
JABATAN PERH UTAN AN SABAH
PU SAT PEN YELIDIKAN PER HUT ANAN
REMOTE SENSIN G & GIS LAB
Map Source:d:\ frc \AVProject\.apr
Map N o.: PPP\R SGIS\0769
Tarikh:31/03/2008
Annual Work Plan Year 2008 11
INTENSIVE FOREST RESTORATION (COMPARTMENT 55 & 56-LEBIHASIL S/B-SFMLA1/2005)
#Y
56A
56C
56B
241 ha.
150 ha.
101 ha.
55B
55A
55D
55E
55C
55F
156 ha.
122 ha.
80 ha.
69 ha.
55 ha.
5° 25.16 '
5° 22.44 '
5° 22.98 '
5° 23.53 '
5° 24.07 '
5° 24.61 '
11
7° 1
0.5
3'
11
7° 1
1.0
7'
11
7° 1
1.6
1'
11
7° 1
2.1
5'
11
7° 1
2.6
9'
63 ha.
#
FIELD OPERATIONS
COMPLEX
LEGEND:
N
0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 Kilometers
Area to be cleared and planting 2008
Area to be planted 2008
Area already planted
Working Block
Compartment Boundary
River
Main Road
Secondary Road
Logging Road
Scale:1:25,000
Annual Work Plan Year 2008 12
INTENSIVE FOREST RESTORATION (COMPARTMENT 70 & 71-MAXLAND S/B-SFMLA1/2005)
5° 24.61'
5° 22.44'
5° 22.98'
5° 23.53'
5° 24.07'
11
7° 8
.36'
11
7° 8
.90'
11
7° 9
.45'
11
7° 9
.98'
11
7° 1
0.5
3'
I
GF
C
N2
J
B
H1
K
E1
A2
M3
L1
L2
D1
A1
H2
L3
E2
N1
A3
M1
D2
M2
E3
83
75
65
60
56
53
48
47
38
36
35
33
32
29
26
25
24
23
18
16
29
18
26
38
47
CP.70
CP.71
NScale: 1:25,000
0.5 0 0.5 1 Kilometers
Area to be planted in 2008
Compartment boundary
Working block
River
LEGEND:
Main Road
Secondary Road
Logging Road