Download - AP World History Closers
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SEDENTARY -Staying & farming in one spot.
AGRICULTURE Opposite of nomadic herding.
Led to the rise of cities
(Draw a pic) (What you drew and why)
NEOLITHIC -Began ~10,000 BCE with the
REVOLUTION start of sedentary agric., rise of
farming, & the domestication of
animals. Started in Middle East.
(Draw a pic) (What you drew and why)
CHINESE -Peasants were the largest group,
SOCIAL merchants were ranked below
CLASSES peasants, very patriarchal.
(Draw a pic) (What you drew and why)
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CASTE -Functioned as a political
SYSTEM institution in India by enforcing
rules of social behavior, tied in
with Hinduism; Untouchables
were at the bottom.
HINDUISM -Indias major religion,
polytheistic, believed in
reincarnation
(Draw a pic) (What you drew & why)
BUDDHISM -Founded by Siddhartha
Gautama, spread to China
HELLENISTIC -Spread of Greek ideas by
Alexander the Great. The
character, thought, culture, or
ethical system of ancient Greece.
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GREEK -Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
PHILOSOPHERS were students of each other,
the search for wisdom or
knowledge.
NOMADS -Moved from place to place,
acted as agents of contact
between sedentary peoples;
raiding & trading; example:
Huns
(pic) (what you drew & why)
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ROMAN -In the Roman republic, were
SENATE the main legislative body; 300
members, made laws.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
BEDOUINS -Arabic camel nomads
(pic) (what you drew & why)
CALIPH -The office of the political &
religious successor of
Muhammad; this issue split
Islam into Sunni & Shia sects(pic) (what you drew & why)
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UMMA -The concept of the community
of faithful that transcended
clan boundaries within Islam.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
ISLAMIC -Bedouin culture, clan identity
INFLUENCES & rivalry, desert environment,
merchants & trade.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
SALADIN -Muslim commander who
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defended the Holy Land from
western European Christian
crusaders.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
SAHEL -Grassland belt at the s. edge of the
Sahara desert.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
MANSA -Malis greatest ruler, made a
MUSA famous pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324
(pic) (what you drew & why)
IBN -The greatest Arab traveler of the
BATUTA 14th century. Traveled for nearly 30
yrs. Visited Europe, Africa, & Asia.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
TIMBUKTU -Great Islamic trading & culturalcenter in Mali during the 14th-16th
centuries.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
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JUSTINIAN -Emperor of the Byzantine empire,
known for systemizing Roman
legal code & constructing the Hagia
Sophia church.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
CONSTANTINOPLE -Capital of the Byzantine
Empire. Named after
Constantine, now known
as Istanbul. Overrun by
the Turks in 1453.
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FEUDALISM -Military & political system in
the Middle Ages in which
greater lords provided
protection & aid to others.
Serfs/peasants were on the
bottom.
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AZTEC EMPIRE -Located in present day
Mexico & C. America; highly
advanced & unified under 1
leader; capital wasTenochtitlan; taken over by
Cortes & the Spanish.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
INCA EMPIRE -Located in present day Peru;highly advanced; taken over by
Pizarro & the Spanish (Pizza
Inc); also known as
Twantinsuyu empire
(pic) (what you drew & why)SPLIT -Incan practice whereby all the
INHERITANCE political power of the ruler went
to his successor but all his
wealth & land went to his male
descendants.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
MITA -Incan practice of mandatory labor
on church & state lands for citizens.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
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FOOTBINDING -Practice in China in which
young girls feet were
restricted from growing;
subordinated women.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
JUNKS -Chinese ships that were the
best in the world; increasedChinese trade & contact with the
rest of the world.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
FEUDALISM -Took place in both Europe &Japan. Very militaristic, rigid
social class system. Peasants
made up largest group in both
Euro & Japan.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
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SAMURAI -Mounted troops who served as
professional warriors in Japan.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
ZHENG HE -Led a series of trading voyages for
the Chinese Ming dynasty from
1405-1433.
(pic) (what you drew & why)RENAISSANCE -Cultural & political
movement that began in Italy
circa 1400. A time of literary
and artistic rebirth.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
COLUMBIAN -The biological exchange
EXCHANGE between the e. & w.
hemispheres. Note: African &
Euro diseases to the Americas(pic) (what you drew & why)
FERDINAND -This explorer became the
MAGELLAN 1st to circumnavigate the globe.
Sailed westward from Europe
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around the s. tip of S. America
& across the Pacific.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
GUTENBERG -Printing press is named after
him; responsible for the
invention of movable type in the
west.(pic) (what you drew & why)
HELIOCENTRIC -Sun-centered theory of the
universe supported by
Copernicus. Countered the
geocentric (earth-centered)
idea supported by the
church.
(pic) (what you drew & why)
PREDESTINATION -Belief that Goddetermined if you were
going to heaven or hell
before you were born; key
belief in Calvinism.
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(pic) (what you drew & why)
PETER THE -Russian czar; ruled from 1689-
GREAT 1725. Imitated western
European countries.(pic) (what you drew & why)
BOYARS -Russian nobles; had less power
than their western Euro.
counterparts. Forced to
westernize by Peter the Great.(pic) (what you drew & why)
TREATY OF -1494 treaty between Spain &
TORDESILLAS Portugal that divided the
Americas into two colonial
zones (Spain ended up with
a majority of the land)
(pic) (what you drew & why)
PENINSULARES -Those living in the
Americas who were Spanish-born (from the peninsula);
the top social class
(pic) (what you drew & why)
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TRIANGULAR -Linked Europe, Africa, &
TRADE the Americas. Africans were
sent to the Americas to work
as slaves.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
MIDDLE PASSAGE - The voyage between
Africa & the Americas
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during the triangular
trade.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
SHAKA ZULU -Zulu leader in southern
Africa during the early 1800s.
Zulus held their power until
they were defeated in the
1870s by the British.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
SALT-WATER -Slaves that were newly arrived
SLAVES in the Americas. Known as this
because they crossed the
Atlantic Ocean.
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Tokugawa Shogunate
(picture) (what you drew & why)
JAPANS -By early 17th century Japan
ISOLATION outlawed Christianity, forbid
Japanese ships to trade or sail
overseas & banned w. books.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
JESUITS -Founded by Ignatius of Loyola.
Goals: start Catholic schools,
convert non-Christians, stop
Protestantism from spreading
MING -Restored ruling power in
DYNASTY China to the Chinese after years
of Mongol rule. Restricted trade
with foreign countries.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
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CARAVEL -Slender ships used by the
Portuguese; key to the development
of the Portuguese trade empire in
Asia.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
MERCANTILISM -Based on the idea that a
nations wealth was
measured by how much
gold/silver they had.
Countries should do all they
could to increase wealth.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
OTTO VON -Conservative prime minister
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BISMARCK of Prussia. Helped unify
Germany.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
KARL MARX -German socialist who saw
history as a class struggle
between the poor & the rich.
Preached social revolution.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
CHARLES -Biologist; developed theory of
DARWIN evolution of species
(picture) (what you drew & why)
SOCIAL -Used as a justification for
DARWINISM imperialism; Darwins ideas of
survival of the fittest to
societies.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
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SEPOYS -Indian troops, trained in
European style, serving the
French & British.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
RAJ -British political establishment
in India. Were in charge.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
WHITE -Settlement colony, such as in
DOMINIONS Australia or N. America where
Euro settlers make up the
majority of the pop.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
SETTLER -Colonies, such as in S. Africa,
COLONIES Kenya, & Hawaii where minority
European settlers live among
a majority of indigenous peoples.(picture) (what you drew & why)
TOUSSAINT -Led slave rebellion on the
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LOVERTURE island of St. Domingue; led to
the independent republic of
Haiti.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
TANZIMAT -Western-style reforms within
REFORMS the Ottoman Empire during
mid-1800s; established schools,
railways, postal system.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
YOUNG -Intellectuals & political figures in
TURKS Ottoman Empire who brought
about Tanzimat Reforms.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
SUEZ CANAL -Built to link the Med. & Red
seas; opened in 1869; British
later occupied Egypt tosafeguard their interests.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
MEIJI -Ended Shogunate; began
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RESTORATION a period of reform; Power
restored to an emperor; 1868
(picture) (what you drew & why)
SINO-JAPANESE -Fought in Korea between
WAR Japan & China; Japanese
victory demonstrated its
arrival as an industrial giant
(picture) (what you drew & why)
BOLSHEVIKS -Russian political group
backed by a minority of the
pop.; Most radical branch of the
Marxist movement; led by
Lenin.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
MATTHEW -U.S. Commodore who sailed
PERRY to Japan in 1853 & forced opentrade.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
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W. FRONT -War zone that ran from Belgium to
Switzerland during WWI; trench
warfare; massive casualties.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
TREATY OF -Post WWI conference that
VERSAILLES created the League of Nations;
also blamed & punished
Germany
(picture) (what you drew & why)
MANDATES -Treaty of Versailles established
British or French control over
territories formerly held by
Germany & the Ottoman
Empire.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
ZIONISTS -Supporters of Jewishnationalism; especially a
creation of a Jewish state in
Palestine.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
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ATATURK -Postwar leader of Turkey who
launched sweeping reforms,
including womens suffrage; also
known as Mustafa Kemal.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
KELLOGG- -Multinational treaty created
BRIAND PACT by U.S. & France that outlawed
war.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
SUN YAT- -Western-educated leader of the
SEN Chinese Revolutionary Alliance;
Known as the father of modern
China.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
CHIANG -Successor to Sun as leader of
KAI-SHEK the Nationalists; fierce opponentof Communists.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
LONG MARCH -China, 1934; led by Mao Tse
Tung, 90,000 communists
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traveled thousands of miles
to remote regions fleeing
from Nationalists.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
APPEASEMENT -Britain & Frances policy
of compromise with Hitler
& Mussolini (keep them
happy & theyll leave us
alone)
(picture) (what you drew & why)
IRON -Term coined by British P.M.
CURTAIN Churchill to describe the political
division of Europe between free (W.
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Europe) & repressed (E. Europe)
during the Cold War.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
MARSHALL -U.S. aid to W. Europe after
PLAN WWII helped it recover & also
kept the Communists away at
the same time.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
NAFTA -North American Free Trade
Agreement. Non-tariff policy between
the U.S., Canada, & Mexico that began
in the 1990s.
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(picture) (what you drew & why)
FIDEL -Communist dictator of Cuba
CASTRO since 1959. Backed up by Soviet
regime.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
NELSON -Imprisoned by S. African
MANDELA apartheid leaders; released in 1990
& elected as president of S. Africa
in 1994.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
AYATOLLAH -Religious leader of Iran
KHOMEINI following the 1979 revolution;
worked for fundamentalist
Islamic religious reform &elimination of western
influences.
(picture) (what you drew & why)
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