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April 4, 2006Noel Ryan AuditoriumMississauga Central Library
Gypsy Moth Resident Forum
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Gypsy Moth Overview
• European Gypsy Moth (Lymantria dispar) introduced to North America in the 1860s
• Considered to be the most damaging defoliating insect in Eastern North America
• In heavy infestation periods, the Gypsy Moth is devastating to most tree species not just preferred hardwoods such as oak, maple and elm
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Life Cycle
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Mississauga’s Infestation• Gypsy Moth has present in Mississauga
for more than 20 years
• Staff has worked with residents monitoring population levels and offering expert advice on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) options
• Conducted extensive research and sought advice from other levels of government in Canada, US and abroad for other options
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• 2003 and 2004 began to see an increase in Gypsy Moth population levels
• 2005 significant defoliation was reported in Gordon Woods and Mineola West.
• Detailed inspections were conducted in July/August 2005
• Results – found trees covered with egg masses, some with as many as 800.
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Time Line2003/2004 - ongoing monitoring
2005 – significant increase in population
Jan. 2006 - staff report to Council outlining issue and the need for action
• independent consultant, BioForest Technologies Inc. hired (requested to look at all viable control options)
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Mar. 2006 – treatment recommendations presented to Council (staff and consultant)
• Council approved aerial spray treatment
• Aerial Spray Contractor, Zimmer Air Services hired
April 2006 – exemption request submitted to Transport Canada for approval
May 2006 – Aerial spray treatment to begin
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• Egg mass numbers on trees streets City woodlands some private properties
• Profiled the trees type (species) size (dia. and height) health
• Collected egg mass information egg masses/tree size location
• Focused on City extents of infestations
Survey Methodology
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0 - lm9%
lm - 3m8%
10m+74%
3m -10m9%
dime19%
nickel18%
quarter31%
toonie11%
plus21%
red oak65%
white oak16%
black oak3%
spruce3%
black cherry13%
Over 70% egg masses found 10m high
MAKING EGG MASS REMOVAL DIFFICULT
Over 60% egg masses larger than a quarter
INDICATES POPULATION INCREASING
Over 80% egg masses found on oaks
POPULATION TARGETING OAK
DOMINANT AREAS
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Proposed Gypsy Moth Breakout Areas
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GYPSY MOTH
SPRAY ZONES
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Integrated Pest Management
Zones
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
• decision making process that utilizes a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health and environmental risks
• approach uses knowledge of pest, plant and environmental conditions to select the best combination for management strategies
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)• egg mass scraping
• tree skirting and banding
• pheromone scents and traps
• Insecticide application – Btk
• Plant Health Care for Urban Forests
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Integrated Pest Management
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Bacterial and Viral Natural Controls
Maimaiga Disease Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (NPV)
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Collect and destroy, apply Btk, encourage predators
CATERPILLARS
Collect and destroy
Collect and destroy, pheromone traps to capture male moths
PUPAE
EGG MASSES
MOTHS
EGG MASSES
Scrape, collect and destroy egg masses from sheltered surfaces:
trees, vehicles, outdoor equipment, and buildings
Timing of Control Measures
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Btk - Bacillus thuringiensis sub-species kurstaki
– used for over 40 years in Canada
– not considered a human health hazard - Health Canada (PMRA)
– only toxic to small group of lepidopteron insects (larva of moths and butterflies)
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Approvals
• Transport Canada – unable to proceed without their approval
• Ministry of Transportation
• Ministry of the Environment
• Police – Peel, OPP, RCMP
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What To Expect
Before The Spray
• All property owners within spray zones will receive a detailed information/notification brochure
• week prior – newspaper advertisements, road signs, web site update, posters, e-mail notification, hotline message,
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• 48 to 24 hours prior – website update, hotline message update, e-mail notification to resident associations
During The Spray• spray time is between 5 – 7:30 a.m.• will be able to hear the helicopter • may smell a musty odour• will not be able to see the spray – mist will
be too fine and concentrated on the top of the tree canopies
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Following The Spray
• Recommend staying indoors for 30 minutes
• Use regular hygiene for clean up – washing with soap and water
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Information Resources • Website
www.mississauga.ca/pestmanagement•up-to-date information and resources•Btk information and health links•Integrated Pest Management
• E-mail: [email protected]
• Hotline: 905-615-3200, ext. 7878