Download - Architecture of GSM for e2 to e3.ppt
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GSM Architecture
BSS Rao
GSM Faculty
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GSM Architecture
1. What is GSM?
2.History of GSm
3.NE s in GSM
4.Physical connectivity
5.Interfaces
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GSM
Global Mobile System
A digital mobile system enabled for more
sophisticated services
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History of GSM
GSM began in 1982
GSM was a European wide project from
beginning
GSM used in more than 130 countries
Originated from 1G ->2G->2.5G->3G
3G version is named as UMTS 3G Network provide higher capacity than
the older generations
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Subsystems in GSM
BSS Base Station Subsystem
NSS Network Switching Subsystem
NMS Network Management Subsystem
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BSS
BTS (Base Tranceiver Station)
BSC (Base Station Controller)
TC (Transcoder )
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NSS
GMSC(Gateway Mobile services switching
Centre)
MSC (Mobile Services switching centre)
VLR (Visitor Location Register)
HLR (Home Location Register)
AC (Authentication centre) EIR (Equipment Identity Register)
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NMS
OMC R( R for Radio)
OMC S( S for Switch)
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Functions of BSS
Managing Radio Network
Radio Path control
Synchronization Mobility management
Speech transcoding
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Functions of NSS
Call control
Charging
Signaling Subscriber data handling
Mobility management
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Functions of NMS
Monitoring network
gives info. in the form of reports
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Mobile Station
Mobile Phone is called MS
ME + SIM= MS
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MS
Operator issues SIM card when user joins
Serial no. of the mobile Instrument is IMEI
(International Mobile equipment identity)
IMEI is unique number in universe
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SIM
SIM means Subscriber Identity Module
Data contained in the SIM Card is
1. IMSI of the subscriber
2. Location area identity of the subscriber
3. List of missed calls , Received calls and
List of SMSs etc.
4. List of operators available in the locationarea of the subscriber
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BTS Functions
Synchronization of signals of transmission
Radio resources management
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BSC Functions
Control BTSs connected to it
Performs Inter BTS Handovers
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TC Function
Conversion of 64kbps to 16kbps and vice
versa
Used to compact the signals.
Also used to reduce the data rate at which
traffic is transmitted over air interface
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Necessity of TC
The 64kbps information if transmitted on
the air interface without modification would
occupy an excessive amount of
bandwidth.
Therefore the required bandwidth is
reduced to 16Kbps.
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MSC Functions
Call Control
Routing of call
Billing
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VLR
Maintains subscriber information who are
currently in its service area.
Gives current location of the subscriber
Temporary Database
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HLR
Permanent Register of the subscribers
maintains facilities given to subscriber
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AC
Verifies SIM cards
Authentication of SIM is done using
authentication triplets
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EIR
Used for security purposes
Checks IMEI
Contains 3 Lists ( White LISTGREY LIST
Black LIST )
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Black List
List consisting of Stolen mobile
Instruments Serial nos ie., IMEIs
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BSNL Network Architecture
B
T
S
MSC VLR
HLR
PSTNISDN
Data
Networks
Air interface
OSS
B
T
S
B
T
S
MSC VLR
BSCBSC
1 MSC=16 BSC
1 BSC=1024 TRU
A Interface
A-bis interface
TC TC
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GMSC
GMSC:Call connections between PLMNs ,
routed to a GMSC.The GMSC contains the
Inter working functions to make these
connections
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Interfaces
MSC to other MSC ( E interface)
MSC to EIR ( F Interface)
VLR to other VLR ( G Interface)
THE GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS
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THE GEOGRAPHICAL AREASOF THE GSM NETWORK