Download - ARINC 424 intro
RNAV1Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
WAAS PRINCIPLES
ARINC 424
REPORTING
WAAS FLIGHT INSP
WAAS REFERENCE PLANES
PRE-FLIGHT PREPARATION
FMS LEG PROGRAMMING
WAAS
INTERFERENCE CHECKAFIS RECORDINGAFIS SET-UP
AFIS / CDU OPSNAV SOURCE CONFIG.ANNUNCIATIONS
PILOT SECTION
MISSION SPECIALIST SECTION
INTRODUCTION
TERMS
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Presented to: Flight Inspection Crewmembers
By: AJW-3310
Date: July 14, 2008
Federal AviationAdministrationWide Area
Augmentation System (WAAS)
ARINC 424
Coding
RNAV3Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
What is ARINC 424 CODING?
INITIAL FIX
RETURN
INITIAL FIX
MSG
ALT CONST
IDENTIFIER SEGMENT
COPOM
COPOM ACCEPT
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FINAL APPR
RNAV4Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
ARINC 424 Coding• A computer language leg type used in a
flight management system to define how the procedure will behave at a given time.
• The description of the leg types introduces you to the “Path/Terminator” concept. – The path logically describes how the aircraft gets to
the terminator, by flying a heading, track, course, etc.
– The terminator is the event or condition that causes the system to switch to the next leg.
RNAV5Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
ARINC 424 Coding
• The description of the leg types introduces you to the Path/Terminator” concept (cont’d). – When a clearance is issued, like, “Fly
runway heading to 2,000 feet”, you have applied the path/terminator concept.
– The path, rather obviously, is runway heading. The terminator is 2,000 feet, where the pilot will “sequence legs” and do something else.
RNAV6Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
What is ARINC 424 CODING?
RNAV7Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
What is ARINC 424 CODING?
• Each of the different legs are identified by a 2-letter mnemonic. – First letter identifies the path– Second letter identifies the terminator. – Mnemonics do get a bit obscure in some of these
cases. The example cited previously- “Fly runway heading to 2,000 feet” – would be coded in the data base as a “Heading-to-Altitude” – described as a VA leg (“V” as a “Vector”, since the letter “H” is used to describe hold legs).
RNAV8Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
What is ARINC 424 CODING?
• Each of the different legs are identified by a 2-letter mnemonic (cont’d). – There are 2 required system inputs:
• The compass and altimeters. • As a leg is implemented in the FMS, the system reads the
compass system, and provides the autopilot or flight director with a steering command that will null out any deviation from the desired heading.
• The system will also be monitoring its baro-altitude input (QNH), then sequence legs when the terminating altitude has been reached.
RNAV9Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
• The following slide depicts the sixteen enroute leg types you should familiarize yourself with.
What is ARINC 424 CODING?
RNAV10Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
Enroute Legs
(VA) Heading To Altitude
(VD) Heading To DME
(VI) Heading To Next Leg Intercept
(VM) Heading To Manual Termination (VR) Heading To a Radial
(CA) Course To Altitude
(CD) Course To a DME
(CI) Course To Next Leg Intercept
(CR) Course To a Radial
(CF) Course To a Fix (TF) Track To a Fix (DF) Direct To a Fix
(FA) Fix To Altitude (FC) Fix To a Distance on Course
(FD) Fix To a DME Termination
(FM) Fix To a Manual Termination
RNAV11Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
Enroute Legs
• However, there are primarily 5 legs that you will be using on a daily basis. – The VA, CF, TF, DF, and CA Enroute leg types.
• As Flight Procedures Standards Branch solves ARINC 424 coding issues, more legs may be used. We will discuss each of them and explain the “Path and Terminator.”
RNAV12Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(VA) Heading To Altitude
(CA) Course To Altitude
(CF) Course To a Fix
(TF) Track To a Fix
(DF) Direct To a Fix
Enroute Legs
RNAV13Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(VA) Heading To Altitude
(VD) Heading To DME
Enroute Legs
•A VA leg is typically used as the first leg in a departure. The
path is the 090º heading to the terminator (8000’).
•The VD leg Path is a 090º heading to the terminator of a unspecified point on the DME arc, that has been programmed into the database.
RNAV15Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(VR) Heading To a Radial
(CA) Course To Altitude
Enroute Legs
•The VR leg Path is the 090º heading. The terminator is a specific point on a VOR radial where the heading takes it.
•This CA leg Path is the 080º course. The terminator is a specific altitude, in this case 6000 feet.
RNAV16Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(CD) Course To a DME (CI) Course To Next Leg Intercept
Enroute Legs
•This CD leg Path would be a 080º course. The terminator is a specified DME distance.
•The CI leg Path is the 090º course. The termination is the interception of the 070º radial.
RNAV17Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(CR) Course To a Radial
(CF) Course To a Fix
Enroute Legs
•This CR leg Path is a 090º course. The terminator is when the course crosses the 125º radial.
•The CF leg Path is a 080º course to a specified latitude and longitude.
RNAV18Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(TF) Track To a Fix
Enroute Legs
This is a “track to fix” leg. The path and terminator are latitude/longitudes. This leg type will be used for GPS approaches and airway segments. This is your “great circle track” between 2 defined waypoints. It is the easiest to implement as the only thing the pilot has to do is input lat/long’s for the database.
RNAV19Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(DF) Direct To a Fix
Enroute Legs
This is a diagram of a DF leg. The aircrafts path is the present position. The terminator is to a specific waypoint. This is used when ATC gives the clearance, “go direct” or you request present position to a specific point i.e. fix, navaid, etc.
RNAV20Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(FA) Fix To Altitude
9 NM
(FC) Fix To a Distance on Course
Enroute Legs
•This FA leg Path begins at a fix and, via a specific course (105º), will be continued until the specified altitude is reached.
•An FC leg Path begins at a defined fix with a course outbound. The fix must be in the database but can be a VOR, intersection, etc. The terminator is the specific distance on the outbound course.
RNAV21Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(FD) Fix To a DME Termination (FM) Fix To a Manual Termination
Enroute Legs
•This FD leg Path is a fix, and the terminator is DME distance. The DME does not necessarily need to be from the reference fix. The DME fix is not required to lie on the course from the path fix.
•The FM fix Path is a course from a fix. The termination is manually selected. Since you manually select the termination point there will be no automatic leg sequencing.
RNAV22Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(AF) Arc To a Fix
ARINC Legs
•We will now discuss the 2 types of arc legs that ARINC 424 coding provides:
- Arc to Fix leg (AF)
-Radius to Fix leg (RF)
-They appear redundant but, they serve two different purposes.
RNAV23Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(AF) Arc To a Fix
ARINC Legs
•The AF leg is a standard DME arc which requires a navaid. The path is the arc and the terminator is the specified radial/DME that you desire. In this case it is the 030º/8 DME.
•There are two things to remember.
- Minimum radius is 4.0 nm.
-Arc radius resolution is 0.1 nm.
RNAV24Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(RF) Radius To a Fix
ARINC Legs
The RF leg Path and terminator are “hard fixes”. However, they do not require a navaid at the arc’s origin. It is referred to as the “precision arc” leg because it’s resolution is 0.001 nm, (6’). Its primary use is for curved-path approaches.
RNAV25Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
• There are three different types of holding legs that we will be discussing. – Hold to Fix (HF)– Hold to Altitude (HA) – Hold to Manual Termination (HM)
Holding Legs
RNAV26Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
Holding Legs
• The HF leg provides one holding orbit and sequence to the next leg once it has completed one circuit. This is used when a holding pattern is used in lieu of a procedure turn on an approach.
• The HA provides for a climb in the holding pattern. Upon reaching the programmed altitude, the holding circuit will be completed and the sequenced leg will begin the course to the next waypoint.
• The HM leg requires the pilot to manually program the next sequenced leg.
RNAV27Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
(HF) Hold To a Fix
Holding Legs(HA) Hold To Altitude
(HM) Hold To a Manual Termination
RNAV28Federal Aviation
AdministrationJuly 14, 2008
WAAS PRINCIPLES
ARINC 424
REPORTING
WAAS FLIGHT INSP
WAAS REFERENCE PLANES
PRE-FLIGHT PREPARATION
FMS LEG PROGRAMMING
WAAS
INTERFERENCE CHECKAFIS RECORDINGAFIS SET-UP
AFIS / CDU OPSNAV SOURCE CONFIG.ANNUNCIATIONS
PILOT SECTION
MISSION SPECIALIST SECTION
INTRODUCTION
TERMS
Click on individual blocks to link to that training.