Download - ART 1900-1945-ish
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ART 1900-1945-ish
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1905
EINSTEIN – Relativity
FREUD – General Theory
The sub-conscious – the ultimate challenge to The Enlightenment
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Modernism
• emphasis on materials or expression instead of illusion
• a notion of progress & evolution. “Make it new.“ – poet Ezra Pound
A hyper-acute awareness of the historical moment
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TRENDS
ABSTRACTION
FLATTENING OF PICTORAL SPACE
PRIMITIVISM
EXPRESSIONISM
CUBISM
SURREALISM
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PicassoLes
Demoiselle d’Avignon
1907
CUBISM
PRIMITIVISM
p. 389
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Picasso, Guernica, 1937
CUBISM
p. 408
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Picasso, Guernica
detail
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Braque, The Portuguese,
1911
CUBISM
p. 390
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Picasso, Dora Maar, 1945
CUBISM
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Braque, GeorgesGlass, Carafe and Newspapers1914Pasted papers, chalk and charcoal on cardboard (24 5/8 x 11 1/4 in.)
SYNTHETIC
CUBISM
COLLAGE
not in text; compare fig. 14.8, p. 392
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Boccioni,Unique Forms of
Continuity in Space,1913
Bronze43 7/8 x 34 7/8 x 15 ¾ ins.
FUTURISM
p. 393
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DuchampNude descending a staircase,
1912
p. 384
1st image in chapter 14
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Nolde, Dance Around the Golden Calf, 1910
PRIMITIVISM
p. 396
EXPRESSIONISM
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Matisse,Seated Riffian,
1912-13
EXPRESSIONISM
FAUVISM
not in text
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Matisse, The Dance II, 1909-10
not in text
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Matisse The Blue Window, 1913
p. 395
flattening of space
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Franz Marc, Fighting Forms
EXPRESSIONISM
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EXPRESSIONISM
Marc, FranzBlue Horse I (Blaues Pferd I)1911Oil on canvas112.5 x 84.5 cm
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Schiele, EgonSeated Girl1911Watercolor and pencil48 x 31.5 cm
EXPRESSIONISM
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1910
EXPRESSIONISM
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Schiele, EgonAgony1912Oil on canvas70 x 80 cm
EXPRESSIONISM
NOTE HOW COLOR &
LINE CONNECT
(AND CONFUSE)
BACKGROUND &
FOREGROUND
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Dali, The Persistence of Memory, 1931
Surrealism
p. 401
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Miro, Ciphers &
Constellations in Love with a
Woman, 1941
Surrealism
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Meret Oppenheim, Fur covered cup, saucer, and spoon, 1936 (a.k.a. The
Object)
Surrealism . . . or furrealism?
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Duchamp,La Boite en
Valide (L.H.O.O.Q.),
1919
DADA
“appropriation”
p. 395
Surrealism
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Duchamp – readymades: anti-art
Painting is "washed up," Duchamp said in 1912.
Fountain, 1917
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Duchamp – readymades: anti-art
One important characteristic was the short sentence which I occasionally inscribed on the "Readymade." That sentence instead of describing the object like a title was meant to carry the mind of the spectator towards other regions more verbal. - 1961
In Advance of a Broken Arm, 1915
Surrealism
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The only thing that is not art is inattention. – Duchamp
A new difficulty: ONTOLOGICAL – Is it art? Why?
Magritte
The Treason of Images
1928
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ABSTRACTION
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definition
Abstract –– considered apart from concrete existence; the genre of painting whose intellectual and affective content depends solely on intrinsic form (Amer Heritage Dict.)
Roots of the term: removed from (concrete reality); to pull away from
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definition
Abstract art –– art which is either completely non-representational, or which converts forms observed in reality into patterns which are read by the spectator primarily as independent relationships, rather than with reference to the original source. Thames & Hudson Dictionary of Art Terms
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian
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Mondrian – 1940s
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The Cubists retained the three-dimensional space . . . their way of seeing remains deeply materialistic; my thinking on abstraction, on the other hand, rests on the belief that such a space must be destroyed; to achieve the destruction of the object I have reached the point of using surfaces.
-- Mondrian
Objective: Destroy the Object
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Why? A universal language
We want concrete not abstract painting, for nothing is more concrete, more real than a line, a color, a surface. Once they are liberated . . . they are on their way towards the real goal of art: to create a universal language.
-- Theo Van Doesburg
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''What you see is what you see'' – Frank Stella, 1966
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Mondrian – 1940s
p. 394
BROADWAY BOOGIE WOOGIE, 1942-43
50 X 50 in.
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Other examples of ABSTRACT ART –
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Georgia O'KeeffeAmerican, 1887 - 1986Jack-in-the-Pulpit No. 3, 1930oil on canvas, 101.6 x 76.2 cm (40 x 30 in.)
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Georgia O'KeeffeJack-in-the-Pulpit No. IV, 1930oil on canvas, 101.6 x 76.2 cm (40 x 30 in.)
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Georgia O'KeeffeAmerican, 1887 - 1986Jack-in-the-Pulpit No. VI, 1930oil on canvas, 91.4 x 45.7 cm (36 x 18 in.)
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Other examples of ABSTRACT ART – KANDINSKY, 1911
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Other examples of ABSTRACT ART – KANDINSKY, 1913
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Other examples of ABSTRACT ART – KANDINSKY, 1923
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Bird in Space, 1923Constantin Brancusi (French, born Romania, 1876–1957)Marble; (with base) H. 56-3/4, Diam. 6-1/2 in.
bronze
Bird, 1940
p. 394
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BrancusiTorso of a Young Man1923
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Gunther GerzsoOpposite
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Gunther GerzsoPersonaje
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Gunther GerzsoSouthern
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Modernism in Architecture:the International Style
• Design from the inside to the outside –
FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION
• Shuns ornamentation
• features materials – glass, steel, concrete
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Gropius – Bauhaus1926
p. 405
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1950Harvard
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Mies van der Rohe Seagram Building 1957
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Frank Lloyd Wright, Fallingwater, 1936-7
p. 412
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SUMMARY – Modernism
• emphasis on materials or expression instead of illusion
• a notion of progress & evolutionpoet Ezra Pound: “Make it new." results in lots of “isms”
ARCHITECTURE, COLLAGE
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TRENDS
ABSTRACTION
FLATTENING OF PICTORAL SPACE
PRIMITIVISM
EXPRESSIONISM
CUBISM
SURREALISM
MONDRIAN
PICASSO
PICASSO
NOLDE
DUCHAMP
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Mondrian – 1940s
p. 394
BROADWAY BOOGIE WOOGIE, 1942-43
50 X 50 in.
ABSTRACTION
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PicassoLes
Demoiselle d’Avignon
1907
CUBISM
PRIMITIVISM
p. 389
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Nolde, Dance Around the Golden Calf, 1910
PRIMITIVISM
p. 396
EXPRESSIONISM
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Duchamp,La Boite en
Valide (L.H.O.O.Q.),
1919
DADA
“appropriation”
p. 395
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Gropius – Bauhaus1926
p. 405
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Modernism – Romanticism
intensified?Folk interest/exoticism primitivism
Demons Subconscious? (inner demons)
Artist as prophet Artist as prophet
Artist as outsider/rebel Artist as outsider/rebel
Nature NO
What is new? What is New? Historicism?
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Cartier-Bresson 1933
PHOTOGRAPHY
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FILM