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DE LA HDTV A LA ULTRA HD
Ing. Gabriel O. CarroGerencia de Ingeniería, Cablevisión S.A.
ATVC, Jornadas Internacionales 2013Sesiones Académicas Técnicas
La Televisión sin Límites(parte 3)
ATVC_CV_2013_UHD_v12.1‐Final.pptx25 Septiembre 2013 12:00
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Todas las imágenes son propiedad de sus respectivos autores(Ver las referencias).
Las traducciones de imágenes y textos son del autor de esteDocumento.
Publicado bajo Creative Commons.
Gabriel Carro, Septiembre 2013
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HACE 5 AÑOSJornada Digital ATVC 2008
En estos 5 años:Se afianzo el HD, “…solo veo HDTV…”¡El 3D paso…!
SujetoObjeto
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¿CÓMO MIRAMOS TELEVISIÓN?El televisor ya no tiene toda la atención
http://quibly.files.wordpress.com
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http://www.148apps.com http://koolmobile.net
http://abclocal.go.com
smartinteractionlab.com
plextouch.wnklr.de
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http://www.techindustriya.com
http://www.techindustriya.com
http://grewallevymarketing.com
http://www.techindustriya.com
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http://www.appsmylife.com
http://footage.shutterstock.com
http://www.dreamstime.com
http://www.dailyfreeman.com
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http://ignite.mehttp://www.yurtopic.com
http://www.stepbystep.com
http://www.mspy.com http://www.stepbystep.com
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http://colinbright.blogspot.comhttp://www.razbointrucuvant.ro
www.ivillage.com
http://www.theguardian.com
http://quibly.files.wordpress.com
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SE VIENE LA UHDLa TV de Ultra Alta Definición
http://hdsystems.es
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Junio 2013
Septiembre 2013
Abril/Mayo 2013
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IFABerlín, Septiembre 2013
http://b2b.ifa‐berlin.com
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IFA, Berlín 2013
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IFA, Berlín 2013
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IFA, Berlín 2013
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IFA, Berlín 2013
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IFA, Berlín 2013
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EL MERCADO DE LA UHDPerspectivas
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Tamaño de Pantalla PromedioMercado USA –STB Analógicos y Digitales Combinados
Pronósticos Actuales Sugieren un 5%del Mercado en 2016
Consumers May Buy into Ultra HD Even if Content is LackingLos consumidores compraran Ultra HdAunque no este disponible el contenido
“La UHDTV debe ofrecer con claramente un valor agregado para los consumidores sobre el HDTV” EBU Tech‐i, UHDTV: finding the facts
Issue 17 September 2013
Ultra HD Conference, CE Week, New York, June 27th 2013
Ultra HD Conference, CE Week, New York, June 27th 2013
Ultra HD Conference, CE Week, New York, June 27th 2013
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¿QUÉ ES UHD?La TV de Ultra Alta Definición
http://es.wikipedia.org
スーパーハイビジョン用 (Super Hi‐Vision)
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HR+HFR+HDR=UHDTVHR: Alta ResoluciónHFR: Alta Velocidad de CuadrosHDR: Alto Rango Dinámico
Per Biörkman, The Ultra HD EquationEBU Tech‐i, issue 17 September 2013
Understanding Ultra High Definition, Pete LudéUltra HD Conference, CE Week, New York, June 27th 2013
Parámetro Valor
Número de pixels (Horizontal x Vertical) 3840 x 2160, 7680 x 4320
Frecuencia de cuadro 120, 60*, 50, 30*, 25, 24*
(* también se incluyen estos valores divididos por 1,001)
Profundidad de bits 10, 12 bit
Colorimetría RGB Gama ampliada
10‐bit 4:2:0 10‐bit 4:2:2
12‐bit 4:2:0 12‐bit 4:2:2 12‐bit 4:4:4 10‐bit 4:4:4
3840 2160 120 24Gbps 48Gbps3840 2160 603840 2160 503840 2160 303840 2160 253840 2160 24
Pixels Verticales
Pixels Horizontales
12Gbps
6Gbps
24Gbps
12Gbps
Total Payload (nominal)Frames por Segundo (nominal)
SMPTE, Initial Report of the UHDTV Ecosystem Study Group, Sep 16th, 2013
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4096
2160
3996
SMPTE ST 428-1-2006
2.39:1
4096
2160
3996
SMPTE ST 428-1-2006
1.85:1
2048
1080 2K
2.211.840 pixels
SMPTE ST 428-1-2006
4096
2160 4K
8.847.360 pixels
SMPTE ST 428-1-2006
1920
1080
HDTV16:9 Widescreen
1.78:1
SMPTE 274M-2008
2.073.600 pixels3840
2160
Quad HDUHDTV-1
16:9 Widescreen1.78:1
SMPTE ST 2036-1-2009
8.294.200 pixels
Cine Cine Televisión
Resoluciones y Relaciones de Aspecto
Basado en: Understanding Ultra High Definition, Pete LudéUltra HD Conference, CE Week, New York, June 27th 2013
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www.lg.com
www.sony.com Samsung, IFA Berlin, Sept 2013
1,90m
1,05m
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LA TECNOLOGÍA HOYPara UHD
www.geeky‐gadgets.com
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Televisores de pantalla plana (FPD)• 4K• OLED• Curvos• Hasta 110” (1,40m de alto)• Pantallas retina (dispositivos móviles)
Mejores tecnologías de compresión de video
• Ganancia hasta 50% de bitrate sobre H.264(basado en la calidad perceptual)
Nuevas interfaces de conexión: HDMI 2.0• Soporta UDH‐1 (4k) hasta 60 fps, color 12 bits • Hasta 18 Gbps• ¡No se necesitan cables nuevos!
asia.cnet.com
www.digitaltrends.com
http://broadcastengineering.com
H.265
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¿QUÉ TIENE EL HD?¿¡Porque se ve tan bien!?
10
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Bernard Lechner: ¡La distancia al TV es independiente del tamaño del TV! (en USA la mediana de la distancia es 2,7m)
Distancia absoluta mínima 1 mDistancia absoluta máxima 6 mDistancia absoluta mediana 2,5 mDistancia absoluta media 2,72 mDistancia absoluta más frecuente 3 m
Tamaño mínimo de pantalla 14''Tamaño máximo de pantalla 70''Tamaño mediano de pantalla 40''Tamaño de pantalla más frecuente 32''
EncuestaRespuestas: 227 casos
Correlación entre tamaño de la pantalla y distancia : 0,2
En 2005 decíamos: La distancia óptima al TV es,Para video HD 720 líneas: 4,8 veces la altura de la pantallaPara video HD 1080 líneas: 3,1 veces la altura de la pantalla
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¿Por qué un contenido HD se ve mejor que uno SD?
http://en.wikipedia.org
¡El Impacto Visual!
Aditi Majumder, CS 213 (Spring 2010) Visual PerceptionUniversity of California, Irvine
Psychophysical Analysis of the ''Sensation of Reality'' Induced by a Visual Wide‐Field DisplayToyohiko Hatada, Haruo Sakata and Hideo KusakaJ SMPTE 1980, 89:560‐569
Inmersión = Realidad + Presencia
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¡EL OJO NO ES UNA CÁMARA!El HVS (Sistema visual humano) http://broadcastengineering.com
www.businessinsider.com
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Human Visual PerceptionGreg Zelinsky ‐ Psychology
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye
http://droualb.faculty.mjc.edu/
El Ojo Humano
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La RetinaNervio óptico
Fovea/Mácula
RetinaNasal PapilaPapila
Retinografía Gabriel CarroDr. Juan Sampaolesi, Agosto 2013
Ojo DerechoOjo izquierdo
RetinaTemporal
RetinaTemporal
Perception Lecture Notes: LGN and V1,Professor David Heeger, NYU/Center for Neural Science
Human Visual PerceptionGreg Zelinsky ‐ Psychology
How the Retina Works, Helga KolbAmerican Scientist, Volume 91, Jan‐Feb 2003
LUZ
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www.rags‐int‐inc.com
www.sportsvisionmagazine.com
Peripheral Vision: Adaptive Optics and Psychophysics, Robert Rosen. Doctoral Thesis Department of Applied Physics Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden 2013
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fovea
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Campo VisualCampo Visual
Inducido (+/‐ 30°H)
Campo VisualEfectivo (+/‐ 15°H)
Campo VisualDiscriminativo (3°)
Face Profileportraitartlessons.com
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T. Hatada, H. Sakata and H. Kusaka, Psychophysical analysis of the "sensation of reality" induced by a
visual wide‐field display, 1980, J. SMPTE, vol.89, no.8, pp.560‐569
3○
1○
15○ 15○30○ 30○
50○‐100○
Campo VisualDiscriminativo (3°)
Campo VisualEfectivo (+/‐ 15°H)(Procesa información sin
mover la cabeza)
Campo VisualInducido (+/‐ 30°H)(Reconocimiento de los estímulos visuales)
Campo Visual Suplementario(Desplazamiento de la mirada
ante cambios abruptos en los estímulos)
Understanding Ultra HD, Laurence ThorpeImaging Technologies & Communications Group, Canon USA IncUltra HD Conference, CE Week, New York, June 27th 2013And NHK Technical Research Labs
Campo Visual
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Peripheral Stimulation and its Effect on Perceived Spatial Scale in Virtual EnvironmentsIEEE Transaction on Visualization and Computer Graphics, April 2013 (vol. 19 no. 4)
Campo Visual(Medición)
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Human Visual PerceptionGreg Zelinsky ‐ Psychology
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MOVIMIENTOS SACÁDICOSEl HVS (Sistema visual humano)
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com
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Alfred L. Yarbus, Eye Movements and Vision, trans. Basil Haigh (New York: Plenum Press, 1967)Cabinet Magazine, Ways of Seeing, Sasha Archibald,Issue 30, 2008
Ilya Repin, An Unexpected Visitor, 1884
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Alfred L. Yarbus, Eye Movements and Vision, trans. Basil Haigh (New York: Plenum Press, 1967)Cabinet Magazine, Ways of Seeing, Sasha Archibald,Issue 30, 2008
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Alfred L. Yarbus, Eye Movements and Vision, trans. Basil Haigh (New York: Plenum Press, 1967)Cabinet Magazine, Ways of Seeing, Sasha Archibald,Issue 30, 2008
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¿Son posibles los subtítulos en UHD?
James Cameron. (director). (2009). Avatar.[Película]. EE. UU. 20th Century Fox.
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http://www.tobii.com
BBC R&DPrototipo Subtítulos LibresPosición basada en sistemas deSeguimiento de la mirada
http://www.gizmag.com/bbc‐rd‐subtitles/29077/
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SENSACIÓN DE PRESENCIA Y DE REALIDAD
El factor humano“La vida es un estado de la mente”
20
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Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2013 February 18 Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2013 February 18
Prescott Journal Miner ‐ 16 Ene 1920
Sensación de “Realidad”
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Sensación de “Realidad”Real Academia EspañolaRealidad: f. Existencia real y efectiva de algo.
Super Hi‐Vision'' Video Parameters for Next‐GenerationTelevision, Takayuki Yamashita, Kenichiro Masaoka, KoheiOhmura, Masaki Emoto, Yukihiro, Nishida and MasayukiSugawara, SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2012, 121:63‐68.
Webvision, The Organization of the Retina and Visual System, Visual Acuity, Michael Kalloniatis and Charles Luuhttp://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/part‐viii‐gabac‐receptors/visual‐acuity/
PSY105 Visual Perception practical on Contrast Sensitivity, Professor Peter Wenderoth, Macquarie University, Sidney AUS
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Sensación de “Estar Ahí” (Presencia)
Super Hi‐Vision'' Video Parameters for Next‐GenerationTelevision, Takayuki Yamashita, Kenichiro Masaoka, KoheiOhmura, Masaki Emoto, Yukihiro, Nishida and MasayukiSugawara, SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2012, 121:63‐68.
Screen Size: The Impact on Picture and Sound, Ioan Allen, SMPTE J 1999, 108:284‐289
University of Southern California, Interactive Media Division Bloghttp://interactive.usc.edu
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XBR‐900 White Paper, Sony Electronics Inc
Sensación de “Estar Ahí” (Presencia)
http://broadcastengineering.com
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Las Dos Cosas Juntas
Super Hi‐Vision'' Video Parameters for Next‐Generation Television, Takayuki Yamashita, et al. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2012, 121:63‐68.
Super Hi‐Vision: Technology Update 2012, Yoshiaki Shishikui, NHKPBS Technology Conference, 2012
New Viewing Experience by Super Hi‐VisionYoshiaki Shishikui, NHK
New Viewing Experience by Super Hi‐VisionYoshiaki Shishikui, NHK
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EFECTOS TEMPORALES (FRAME RATE)
El factor humano
www.telegraph.co.uk
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Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2013 February 18
Motion Blur
New Viewing Experience by Super Hi‐VisionYoshiaki Shishikui, NHK
Efecto Stroboscópico
New Viewing Experience by Super Hi‐VisionYoshiaki Shishikui, NHK
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EBU Tech‐i, UHDTV: finding the factsIssue 17 September 2013
New Viewing Experience by Super Hi‐VisionYoshiaki Shishikui, NHK
Sensación de “Realidad” (bis)
La frecuencia máxima recomendada es 120 fps
ITU‐R BT.2020 & SMPTE ST‐2036
PRUEBAS SUBJETIVAS CONFIRMAN LA IMPORTANCIA DEL FRAME RATE PARA HDTV7 Ago 2013 www.ebu.ch
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COLORIMETRÍA Y MUESTREOEl factor humano
hyperphysics.phy‐astr.gsu.edu
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_high_definition_television
4K UHDTV Contribution, Matthew GoldmanSr. VP TV Compression Technology, Ericsson
http://www.hdwarrior.co.uk
Rec. 2020 (UHDTV) vs Rec. 709 (HDTV)
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¿QUÉ PASA CON EL AUDIO?Hamasaki Surround 22.2: ¿24 parlantes?
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A 22.2 Multichannel Sound System for Ultrahigh‐Definition TV (UHDTV), KimioHamasaki, Toshiyuki Nishiguchi, Reiko Okumura, Yasushige Nakayama and Akio AndoSMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2008, 117:40‐49.
SMPTE 2036‐2‐2008
Research on television systems conveyinga strong sensation of presence, 22.2 Multichannel sound systems, NHK STRL ANNUAL REPORT 2008
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EL ESTANDAR DE UHVITU‐R BT.2020 / SMPTE ST 2036
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ITUITU‐R BT.2020
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SMPTESMPTE ST‐2036
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DISCUSIÓNEscenarios de la vida real
30
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http://www.home‐designing.com/2012/11/modern‐minimalist‐decor‐with‐a‐homey‐flow
http://homedecoratorspace.com/wp‐content/uploads/2012/11/Apartment‐Living‐Room‐Colors.jpg
http://mytvwallmounts.com/nice‐led‐tv‐wall‐mount‐images/
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Escenarios de la Vida Real
CPD: Ciclos por grado
Super Hi‐Vision'' Video Parameters for Next‐Generation Television, Takayuki Yamashita, Kenichiro Masaoka, Kohei Ohmura, Masaki Emoto, Yukihiro, Nishida and Masayuki Sugawara, SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2012, 121:63‐68.
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Want to reinvent TV? Don’t forget the TVhttp://gigaom.com/2012/05/10/modular‐ambient‐tv‐future/
Cisco/NDS
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prysm.com
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UHD‐2 (8k)
1080p
UHD‐1 (4k)
Normalmente (si el presupuesto lo permite) es mas fácil cambiar el tamañodel televisor que la distancia visual, que viene dada por el ambiente:
Reglas Prácticas (error 5%+)
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Juegos multi‐jugador
Otros usos de los TV UHD
www.sony.com
www.lg.com
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3DTV HD 1080p Real
www.lg.com
www.sony.com
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http://ignorethecode.net/blog/2012/03/16/ipad_screen_microscope/ Lukas Mathis
Super Hi‐Vision'' Video Parameters for Next‐GenerationTelevision, Takayuki Yamashita, Kenichiro Masaoka, KoheiOhmura, Masaki Emoto, Yukihiro, Nishida and MasayukiSugawara, SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2012, 121:63‐68.
PantallasRetina
HDTV: 1920x1080UHD‐1: 3840x2160
Datos tomados de: http://www.apple.com
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CONCLUSIONES
40
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• En un ambiente hogareño predomina la sensación de realidad frente a la de presencia (El TV esta demasiado lejos)
• La TV UHD, en el corto plazo 4k, puede permitirles hasta 4 personas ver un contenido full HD en la misma pantalla. Video o juegos. (o hasta dos contenidos 3D Full HD)
• Es muy difícil que las soluciones de audio propuestas para UHD se puedan llevar a cabo en un ambiente doméstico
• El frame rate afecta mucho a la sensación de realidad, sobre todo para valores altos de FOV. Hay estudios que sugieren que para 4K es necesario un frame rate de 120 fps. HDMI 2.0 solo soporta hasta 60 fps para 4K.
• ¿Qué va a pasar con los subtítulos?
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ANEXOS
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REFERENCIAS
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‒ The New Muli‐screen World: Understanding Cross‐platform Consumer Behavior. Google, Sterling Brand, Ipsos, U.S., August 2012. http://www.google.com/think/research‐studies/the‐new‐multi‐screen‐world‐study.html
‒ Screens, Turner International Argentina. Noviembre 2012. http://www.turnerargentina.com/turner‐argentina‐presenta‐screens‐una‐investigacion‐sobre‐los‐nuevos‐habitos‐en‐el‐consumo‐de‐contenidos/
‒ Televisión de Alta Definición, La Televisión sin Límites, Ing. Gabriel Carro, Jornada Digital ATVC 2008, 10 Septiembre 2008‒ EBU Tech‐i, UHDTV: finding the facts, Issue 17 September 2013‒ The Current State of UltraHD, Shawn DuBravac, CFA Chief Economist & Sr. Director of Research. Consumer Electronics
Association. Ultra HD Conference June 27th, 2013‒ Understanding Ultra High Definition, Pete Ludé . Ultra HD Conference, CE Week, New York, June 27th 2013‒ SMPTE, Initial Report of the UHDTV Ecosystem Study Group, Sep 16th, 2013‒ Human Visual Perception. Greg Zelinsky ‐ Psychology‒ How the Retina Works, Helga Kolb American Scientist, Volume 91, Jan‐Feb 2003‒ Perception Lecture Notes: LGN and V1, Professor David Heeger, NYU/Center for Neural Science‒ Peripheral Vision: Adaptive Optics and Psychophysics, Robert Rosen. Doctoral Thesis Department of Applied Physics Royal
Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden 2013‒ Understanding Ultra HD, Laurence Thorpe Imaging Technologies & Communications Group, Canon USA Inc Ultra HD
Conference, CE Week, New York, June 27th 2013‒ Peripheral Stimulation and its Effect on Perceived Spatial Scale in Virtual Environments IEEE Transaction on Visualization and
Computer Graphics, April 2013 (vol. 19 no. 4) ‒ Alfred L. Yarbus, Eye Movements and Vision, trans. Basil Haigh (New York: Plenum Press, 1967)‒ Cabinet Magazine, Ways of Seeing, Sasha Archibald,Issue 30, 2008‒ Prototype system from BBC R&D sets subtitles free, Darren Quick, Gizmag September 16, 2013.‒ Aditi Majumder, CS 213 (Spring 2010) Visual Perception. University of California, Irvine‒ Psychophysical Analysis of the ''Sensation of Reality'' Induced by a Visual Wide‐Field Display Toyohiko Hatada, Haruo Sakata
and Hideo Kusaka J SMPTE 1980, 89:560‐569
Referencias
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‒ Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2013 February 18‒ Webvision, The Organization of the Retina and Visual System, Visual Acuity, Michael Kalloniatis and Charles Luu‒ Super Hi‐Vision'' Video Parameters for Next‐Generation Television, Takayuki Yamashita, Kenichiro Masaoka, Kohei Ohmura,
Masaki Emoto, Yukihiro, Nishida and Masayuki Sugawara, SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2012, 121:63‐68‒ XBR‐900 White Paper, Sony Electronics Inc‒ New Viewing Experience by Super Hi‐Vision Yoshiaki Shishikui, NHK‒ Super Hi‐Vision'' Video Parameters for Next‐Generation Television, Takayuki Yamashita, et al. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2012,
121:63‐68.‒ 4K UHDTV Contribution, Matthew Goldman Sr. VP TV Compression Technology, Ericsson‒ ITU‐R Recommendation ITU‐R BT 2020, 08/2012. Parameter values for ultra‐high definition television systems for production
and international programme exchange‒ ITU‐R Recommendation ITU‐R BT.1769, 06/2008. Parameter values for an expanded hierarchy of LSDI image formats for
production and international programme exchange‒ ITU‐R Report ITU‐R BT.2246‐2, 11/2012. The present state of ultra‐high definition television‒ ITU‐R Report ITU‐R BT.2216, 05/2011. A perspective of the hierarchy of digital television image systems based on human
viewing behaviour‒ SMPTE ST‐2036‐1 Ultra High Definition Television Image Parameter Values for Program Production‒ Research on television systems conveying a strong sensation of presence, 22.2 Multichannel sound systems, NHK STRL
ANNUAL REPORT 2008‒ A 22.2 Multichannel Sound System for Ultrahigh‐Definition TV (UHDTV), Kimio Hamasaki, Toshiyuki Nishiguchi, Reiko
Okumura, Yasushige Nakayama and Akio Ando SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2008, 117:40‐49‒ Screen Size: The Impact on Picture and Sound, Ioan Allen. SMPTE J 1999, 108:284‐289.‒ Research on Human Factors in Ultrahigh‐Definition Television (UHDTV) to Determine Its Specifications, Masayuki Sugawara,
Kenichiro Masaoka, Masaki Emoto, Yasutaka Matsuo and Yuji Nojiri. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2008, 117:23‐29‒ A Biological Framework for Perceptual Video Processing and Compression, Sean McCarthy. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2010,
119:24‐32
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‒ High‐Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC): The Next‐Generation Compression Technology, Matthew S. Goldman. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2012, 121:27‐33.
‒ The New High‐Efficiency Video Coding Standard, Benjamin Bross, Heiko Schwarz and Detlev Marpe. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2013, 122:25‐35
‒ 1080p50/60, 4K and Beyond: Future Proofing the Core Infrastructure to Manage the Bandwidth, John Hudson. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2013, 122:39‐48.
‒ Quantitative Evaluation of Human Visual Perception for Multiple Screens and Multiple Codecs, Sean McCarthy. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2013, 122:36‐42
‒ High Frame Rates and Human Vision: A View Through the Window of Visibility, Andrew B. Watson. SMPTE Mot. Imag. J 2013, 122:18‐32.
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