Download - AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
1/25
. .
AUSTRALIAN DIGITAL TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEM
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
2/25
.
CONTENTS
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
3/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
4/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
5/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
6/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
7/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
8/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
9/25
Why
s
it important?
The
demand for international freight
transport
will
grow more slowly if shipping and aviation prices
increase. Higher international transport costs
would increase the advantage of producing goods
closer
to
their site
of
consumption
The longevity of rail equipment
will
delay the take
up
of
lower emissions fuel and technology (This
hints
at
a solution
of
accelerated depreciation for
rollingstock?
ommunity
Impact
Transport is vital
to
modern communities . It
is
essential
for accessing services. connecting people and providing
goods. Fundamentally transport occurs
as a result
of
connecting people and goods and services.Accessibility
and efficient transport systems make a significant
contribution to Australian cities being rated as amongst
the
most
liveable
in the
world.Some
of the more
serious
impacts on communities from
transport
include:
the
death
of more
than I 600 people and serious
injury
to
more than 30.000 per annum in road
crashes. resulting
in
a quantifiable
cost
of
over
20billion per annum;
the deaths
of
over 1500 people a year. and over
4.500 cases
of
asthma and other sickness from
transport emissions
enormous
unquantified travel time and
transport
costs; and
personal
transport
times and
costs
are
increasing
as a proportion
of
available time and disposable
income to the extent that
transport is
contributing
to family pressure.
Page
As for environmental impacts. many social impacts are
not
included in
transport
planning and decision making.
Rail
public transport offers many benefits to individuals
and to cities as a whole. For the majority of users it
is
cheaper, safer (rail
is
more than I0 times safer than
road transport . and
more consistent
with persona' )
values
of
sustainability.
ll Australian city
rail
transport systems
are
under
stress due to increases
in
demand caused
by
increases
in
population. fuel price and congestion. Australian
communities are being pressured by
high
mortgage
costs
and high fuel prices which
will
continue into the
future. Improved public t ransport efficiency reduces
community travel costs. providing economic respite for
consumers
.This.
in turn
allows people
to
afford more
advantageous and efficient benefits such as education .
clothes and health.
Rail
public transport urgently needs investment
to
keep
pace with increasing demand and to maintain quality
of service. A large number of major cities around
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
10/25
the world value
the
benefits of rail
tr nsport and
are
currently developing
their
systems through investment
and
other policies to enhance their cities.
Integrating pubic
tr nsport
with urban development
enhances the quality of human activity and is seen
in most modern cities s essential for vibrant cities
Unfortunately
tr nsport
and urban development are
still typically planned and provided independently.
Enhancing
the
efficiency
of
public
tr nsport
through
modern digital tr nsport control systems increases
safety reliability speed
and
capacity while at the
same
time
reducing costs.
n
doing so all the desirable
outcomes
for
cities are improved
uture Challenges and the
Opportunity
for Rail
Australia faces significant challenges in meeting a range
of
tr nsport needs:
tr nsport capacity;
greenhouse gases and other pollution;
operation and infrastructure cost escalation;
congestion and slowing urban travel speeds;
vulnerability
to
liquid fuel availability and price;
road crashes and health impacts
of tr nsport
emissions; and
deterior tion
of
urban amenity increasing funding
demands on Treasuries.
Rail
has
the potential to address many of these
significant problems for the nation. Specifically the
benefits of enhanced passenger
and
freight rail include
the following benefits
to
the Australian
community
bu siness and the environment :
supporting regional communities
reducing community health effects
minimising environmental consequences
reducing the road toll by reducing crashes
limiting local governme nt road maintenance
limiting road investmen t demands on Treasuries
improving international
agriculture
competitiveness for
reducing road infrastructure costs
for
state
government road authorities
maintaining robust tr nsport systems
to
suit a
variety
of
futures including reduced oil availability
greater use
of
both passenger and freight rail
will benefit business the environmen t and the
Australian communit y in general.
Page
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
11/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
12/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
13/25
What are the impacts of these
problems?
Almost
all
indicators of transport performance
in
Australia are deteriorating
or
are not
improving,
including:
infrastructure operating and users costs
cr shes
travel times
emissions noise and
other
environmental impacts
and
health effects
Economic
osts
If
Australian railways are
not
economically efficient,
infrastructure costs and maintenance are high, as
well as operational costs.This results
in
high costs to
transport
users and subsequently
to the
community and
producers .Lower
transport
costs increases
the
capacity
for Australian businesses to be
more
productive.
The
economic effects of suboptimal
transport
systems
are widespread, including:
passenger
transport is more
expensive
road and rail traffic congestion increases
road and rail travel times are longer than
necessary
road and rail travel time reliability decreases
road maintenance costs
will
increase
rail maintenance will increase requiring additional
time,
cost
and staff
The
commercial consequences of these effects are
that
Australian
export
industries become less
competitive reducing
export
earnings,
business costs increa se resulting
in
higher
onsumer
and business costs depressing
the
economy, and
Page
households pay
more
for goods and services
resulting
in
l
ower
quality of
life
.
reater use of passenger and freight rail reduces the
need for investment
in
expensive road construction
projects and reduces road maintenance costs, for which
heavy freight
is
a major contributor. It also improves
road transport efficiency, by reducing congestion.
A
robust transport
system which makes best use of
all modes
of
transport
is
not
only efficient, but alsc
resilient
to
external changes which are evident
in
future.
The
global financial challenges, environmental
challenges, liquid fuel avai labi lity,
the
rise of China and
potentially India as economic
powers
and consumers
are all
changes which Australia needs to be prepared
to respond to with systems which can adapt to change.
Relying on fewer modes of
transport wi
restrict
Australia
's
adaptabi
lity to meet
future shocks.
Some
quantified examples of
these
effects include:
Traffic congestion costs
in
Australia
amount
to
over
10 billion annually.
Heavy vehicle congestion costs rose about 50 in
the 15
years to 2005 and are forecast to increase
an additional 120
in the
following
15
years,making
a total increase of 230% over 30 years .
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
14/25
If
Australian railways are not economically efficient.
infrastructure costs and maintenance are
high
as well as operational costs. This results
in
high
costs
to
transport
users and subsequently to
the
community and producers.
Higher road maintenance costs
Reduced trans
port
efficiency
due
to higher
congestion.
Reduced ability to respond to
transport
system
shocks such as global financial challenges.
environmental challenges. liquid fuel
avai
lability.
the
rise of China and potentially India
as
economic
powers and consumers.
Social osts
ransport
results
in
numerous community benefits
and impacts. Poor
transport
systems adversely impacts
regions. communities and cities because
transport is
vital.
he
costs
of poor transport
systems affect
the
whole
community
in
numerous ways. including:
increased travel times which reduce accessibility
to employment, schools. recreation
family
and
friends;
increased
transport
costs
put
pressure on families
reducing disposable income for
more
productive
purchases. and generally reducing quality of
life;
long
commuter
times also increase pressure on
families' recreational .
family
and personal time
in regional communities poor
transport
increases
road damage and hence vehicle
wear
and damage.
and road
comfort
;
poor
roads increase crashes and their costs.
whereas public
transport
use has much lower rash
effects
around 40% of the community
cannot
drive due to
age. infirmity
or
economic limitations . Improving
public
transport
provides access for
these
people.
which
is
particularly
important in our
aging
community
Strong exponential growth
in
urban passenger
demand
is
creating major pressure on urban
networks
Accessible and efficient transport system options
are
not
available
to
meet
this demand;
Higher than necessary road accident and emissions
related deaths and injuries which currently costs
over
$,20 billion
per
annum;
personal
transport
times and costs are increasing
as a
proportion
of available time and disposable
income to
the
extent that transport
is
contributing
to family pressure;
age 2
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
15/25
.
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
16/25
- - - - -
How did these problems come about
Specifically Australia is lacking
a strategic plan describing the intended future for
integrated and multi modal t ransport intentions
and solutions;
a comprehensive policy agenda describing
the
directions
to
meet future requirements; and
adequate data and information from which to base
. strategic and specific activities.
) ithout this clear context there is a significant risk
that individual projects, while appearing beneficial at
the micro level, are counterproductive
to the
desired
objectives of the land transport system as a whole.
Furthermore , there is a risk that key elements which
might provide integrated benefits for the various modes
may
be overlooked.
Governments appear
to
have no substantial principles
grounding their
support
of any mode, resulting
in
haphazard policy focussed on narrow, short term and
incremental objectives. Rather, the clear strengths
of
each mode and categories within modes) should
be identified
so that
policy and tangible
support
are
directed co-operatively
to
enhance strengths and
discourage inefficient operations.
age 4
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
17/25
How might these problems be
addressed
ptions
The
significant lack of rail capacity and thereby lack
of
significant potential improvement in national
productivity. is a crucial national issue which can be
resolved. Three possible options are:
review the policy framework and settings to
optimise the environment within which rail can
increase its capacity and productiVity for the
movement
of
people and goods.
Review Policy ramework and
Settings
t
is essential that the desired system for land transport
be clearly defined and described as the goal towards
which all transport policy decisions are aimed. This can
be achieved through:
better planning systems and methodologies;
using better data and information;
r:)
major infrastructure works t increase rail capacity }
by duplicating existing tracks.
with
the consequent
related infrastructure changes including
other
major engineering works such
as
tunne ls
broadening the perspective some decisions are
currently based on
narrow
views.
eg
from a road
system perspective based on the infrastructure.
not taking other factors into account); and
installation of a national digital rail traffic
control
system
in
urban. regional and inter-capital networks
to optimise existing tracks
age
5
conducting analysis on a holistic basis
One important element of strategy is to take account
of a variety of futures to develop robust plans. Plans for
the future need to consider reasonable possibilities such
as
dramatically increasing fuel prices. emissions trading.
constraints caused by public demands. skills availability
and so on. Optimising use of existing infrastructure
should be pursued as the
first and
preferable option
before embarking on other major system changes.
The Australian Rail Industry recommends that )
transport policy
be
further developed.The policy should
consider at least the following elements relevant to rail
infrastructure:
Federal funding
for
infrastructure should include
contributions
to
all
modes
of
infrastructure
Congestion charging to encourage public transport
usage
Incremental pricing as a forerunner to
mass
distance charging
Planning transport infrastructure and land change
with a horizon
of
40 years or more.
Strategic policy to be coordinated across all modes
.
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
18/25
with a single body
in
each state and territoriy
to
be
responsible for transport policy and coordination
across
the transport
portfolio.
National service delivery agencies should be
established
so that
each
is
responsible for a single
mode
.
Pricing
structures shou ld
take account
of
such
factors as distance travelled, mass
of
cargo
) especially for trucks)
Major Infrastructure
Works
It is
recognised
that
a number
of
major projects
tunnel ,extra track
etc are
being proposed by different
ju risdictions as a means
of
increasing rail system capacity,
and this is
supported
.
However
,
in
addition
to
hard
infrastructure,
there
are other projects
that
also need
to be focused on
to
produce infrastructure benefits.
Installation of igital ail Traffic
ontrol
Systems
At
an international level , rail traffic
control
technology
has evolved
to the
stage
whereby
excellent control
over
train movements
is
feasible providing the ability
to
continuously
monitor
train location, and
to
override
train
operation ie stop
a train
if
necessary, when
that
train has
exceeded
safety margins. Further,
the
technology can reduce
the
gaps
between
trains, safely
thereby
increasing capacity and productivity significantly,
without the
need for very expensive building works
such as additional
rail
tracks.
Digital
rai
l traffic
control
systems can be utilised
in
all rail
environments namely, urban/metro, regional
and inter-capital. The
technology
is
well proven being
already
in operation in
Europe, recently been mandated
in the
US and is being
adopted in
India and South East
Asia.
The
Rail
Industry
strong
ly
recommends
this
option
as a
very effective small footprint capacity-multiplier which
will
transform the Australian rail
network
into a
high
capacity, technologically
current
and safer
network
.
It
will not require the level
of
major engineering works
that
is required
to
duplicate tracks although
in
same
cases this duplication may still be
warranted
.
age 6
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
19/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
20/25
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
21/25
What should be done first
afety
prevent train collisions/crashes
like
Glenbrook,
Waterfall
by
automated intervention
increased track
worker
protection
level crossing safety - system communication to
motor
vehicles a possibility
emergency communications systems across
network especially
at
platforms
Security
enhanced security via CCTV which is supplied by
digital communications system
Business benefits
net reduction in cost of ownership
improved asset / resources utilisation
improved customer satisfaction
client - customer
attraction through improved
travel experience
reduced infrastructure costs
lower cost of ownership
negates replacing
outmoded
train control
technologies with similar technologies
Page 9
Note - Train
operators
will face some increased costs
associated with
the
installation of on-train equipment
to create the operational interface with the TMS
system.
overnance
Industry proposes
that
governance would be provided
by
the new organisation known as the Australian
Rail Network
Authority ARNA) which would be
established
under the
auspices of
the
ARA much )
like the successful Rail Industry Safety and Standards
Board which is established, receiving co-funding from
overnment and Industry).
The ARNA would be
an
incorporated body established
by the ARA and its brief would be:
oversee
the
project management
of the
Scoping
Study
ensure engagement of appropriate stakeholders
ensure timely reporting of progress and
outcomes
recommend
to
Government the way forward after
the Scoping Study
Its membership would comprise senior Industry )
representatives of both rail operators, infrastructure
managers from all jurisdictions, with representation from
overnment and Industry.
It
would also incorporate
technical expertise from Industry.
This organisation would report to both the ARA
Executive as well as Senior Commonwealth and State /
Territory
overnment
representatives .
Project
management
ARA proposes that
the
first stage in this Project would
comprise a scoping project
to
be completed
by
end
2009, to examine:
the
technical elements of the proposed ADTCS,
.
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
22/25
its potential application to networks around
Australia,
the budget for such a roll-out over I 0
to
I 5 years,
and
the costs and benefits of the project.
The scoping would be informed
by
experience ofARTC,
RailCorp, Victorian Government and Queensland Rail
all
of whom are undertaking ADTCS type evaluations
in one form or another, as well as
the
initiation of the
RTMS project in Europe.
The Project
is
anticipated to
cost
in the order of
20M.
utputs
Outputs of
the
Scoping Project would include:
estimated costs and benefits
to
provide effective
cost
benefit analysis
technology options
development
of
detailed plan using ARTC and
RailCorp trials pilots and experience
in
Europe
RTMS as starting point
application of an
open
standards approach to
ensure effective competition for
the
supply of
components and systems (6 suppliers already
operating
in
Australia)
research into interoperability between GSM-R and
Next
G data and other technology options
requirements for radio spectrum allocation
governance
structure
based on the idea of a
proposed Australian Rail Network Authority
(ARNA) which would be established under the
auspices of the ARA (much like
the
successful
Rail Industry Safety and Standards Board which is
established, receiving co-funding from Government
and Industry)
expansion
of
freight terminals
to cope
with
increased rail system capacity.
age 1
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
23/25
. ....
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
24/25
List of Appendixes
Appendi x I
Appendix 2
AClL Tasman assessme
nt
o economic impact
ETCS
Diagram and brief overview
Page
-
7/23/2019 AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY ASSOCIATION.pdf
25/25