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2020
Product Manager, Network test solutions, Keysight
IEEE Ethernet & IP @ Automotive Technology Week, Sept 2020
Avik Bhattacharya
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LOW & DETERMINISTIC
LATENCY
GUARANTEED
DELIVERY
PRO AV AUTOMOTIVE
INDUSTRIALRADIO ACCESS
NETWORKS
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Camera Vision
Sensor
Vibration
Sensor
Controller
Reaction Latency
< 100 ns
CHIP
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AVB Bridge
AVB Bridge
AVB Bridge
AVB Talker 2
AVB Listener 1
AVB Listener 2
AVB Listener 3
AVB Listener 4
AVB Talker 1
Stream Characteristics
Talker Advertise
Stream Characteristic
Talker Advertise
Stream Characteristic
Talker Advertise
Specific Stream
Listener Ready
Specific Stream
Listener Ready
Specific Stream
Listener Ready
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Physical
Data Link
Network
Transport
Session
Presentation
ApplicationTime
Synchronization
Traffic Shaping
Redundancy
Preemption
Reservation
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Characteristics Automotive Industrial Pro AV 5G RAN
Network Size Small Medium Medium / Large Large
Network Type Static Mixed Mixed Dynamic
Interface speedsMostly <= 1GOccasionally 2.5/5/10GE
< 10GEMostly 10/40 GEOccassionally 100GE
10/25/50/100GE
Traffic Types Engineered Engineered Engineered Non-Engineered
Implementing
Redundancy is
expensive for
large networks
Eliminates
complexities from
change in configuration
over network lifetime
Gain of
preemption
diminishes with
higher link speed
Time based traffic
shaping is more
effective in
engineered networks
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Source: Ultra-Low Latency (ULL) Networks: The IEEE TSN and IETF DetNetStandards and Related 5G ULL Research
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AVB/TSN Standards Automotive Industrial
Time
Synchronization
802.1AS Adopting Adopting
802.1AS-Rev Adopting Adopting
Traffic Shaping802.1Qav Adopting Adopting
802.1Qbv Adopting Adopting
Frame
Preemption802.1Qbu Exploring Adopting
Redundancy 802.1CB Adopting Exploring
Filtering Policing 802.1Qci Adopting Exploring
Configuration
Management802.1Qcc Exploring
Pro AV
Adopting
Exploring
Adopting
Exploring
Exploring
Exploring
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Source: http://www.ieee802.org/1/files/public/docs2020/60802-abdul-hierarchical-CUC-CNC-management-model-
0520-v02.pdf
INDUSTRIAL
Dynamic Network
Variety of Devices
AUTOMOTIVE
Network mostly
static over lifetime
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Tests performed at the IIC Plugfest with a Qbv switch
https://www.ixiacom.com/resources/validating-time-sensitive-networking-tsn-iic-
plugfest-report
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5G RAN FRONTHAUL
• More stringent Latency
• End-to-end 100us over
20km
• Other Traffic not predictable
AUTOMOTIVE
• Relatively Lenient
• Traffic Engineering Possible
• Frame preemption not required
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IxNetwork tests performed by the 5G fronthaul vendors
Validate Fragmentation capability of the switch Validate Reassembly capability of the switch
1. Emulate a mix of fragmented traffic and Express radio traffic.
2. Ensure these is no loss for the fragmented traffic.
3. Validate reassembly of fragments by the receiving fronthaul switch.
1. Emulate a mix of Express radio traffic and low priority preemptable traffic
2. Validate the fragmentation done at the fronthaul switch at line rate
3. Ensure latency guarantee of the express radio traffic.
https://ixia.keysight.com/company/blog/tsn-frame-preemption-meets-stringent-latency-requirements-5g-fronthaul
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AUTOMOTIVE
• Domain based Architecture
• Internal Domain can be isolated from the
outside world
• Usage of ABR Time scale
• Multiple domain over ARB and PTP Time
scale
INDUSTRIAL / TELECOM
• Shared Network Architecture
• Need to be in sync with Global components
• Usage of PTP Time scale
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Validation method of 802.1AS2020 by Automotive engineers
• Validating Domain gateways which are
part of two different time domains
• Validating PTP enabled nodes are able to
maintain time sync based on ARB time
scale
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Automotive
• GM roles are preconfigured into ECU’s and
doesn’t change too often.
• Need for running BMCA is less as new node
addition to IVN is not a dynamic process.
• In absence of BMCA, Standby GM is best
option for maintaining synchronization in case
of a Node Failure.
Non-Automotive
• GM roles are not preconfigured in nodes that
part of an Industrial Network.
• Whenever there is need for re-electing GM,
BMCA runs across to elect the best clock as
GM.
• Multiple domains can be still used in industrial
networks, but Standby GM can be avoided.
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