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By Santiago Prez
INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO PEDAGOGICO DE CARACAS
DEPARTAMENTO DE IDIOMAS MODERNOS
INTRODUCCION A LA LITERATURA Y CULTURA DE LOS
PAISES DE HABLA INGLESA
Caracas, January 2011
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Caribbean Sea
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Capital City : Bridgetown
Land Extension: 430 sq km.
Official Name: Barbados
Coat of ArmsFlag
Population: 286,705 (July 2011 est.)
General Information
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History
Prehistoric Barbados is believed to havebeen inhabited by cavedwellers of theSiboney culture, from Florida.
Before the 1400: Arawaks arrived fromSouth America and suffered the invasions
and of the Caribs.
1500: Spanish and Portuguese sailors hadsighted the island.
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1518: Spanish colonists from Hispaniolainvaded. No Spanish settlement was made,
as there appeared to be no mineralresources.
1625: It was formally claimed for KingJames I of England.
1627: English immigrants settled there andKing Charles I granted a Barbados patent toLord Carlisle
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Between 1627 and 1640, the island wassettled by British colonists, who brought with
them indentured labour from Britain andsome enslaved Africans, to producetobacco, cotton and indigo
1639: the first house of assembly is createdand it is ruled by the plantation owners.
1650s: The introduction of sugar had led tothe development of large plantations.
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1702: Harsh working conditions led to slaverevolts in 745 plantations that were worked
by African and African-descended slaves.
1816: Slavery was abolished in the Island.
1951: Universal adult suffrage was granted.
1954: the ministerial system was createdfollowed by cabinet government in 1958.
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1966: Barbados became an independentsovereign state within the Commonwealth.
1986: the DLP led by Errol Barrow, won adecisive election victory.
1991:Erskine Sandiford became primeminister (Emergence of a new poor).
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Government
Based on the British ParliamentHead of State: Elizabeth II
Governor General : Sir CliffordStraughn Husbands (1996-October 312011)
Prime Minister: Hon. Freundel J. Stuart
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Government
The Senate: His Hon. Sen. Dr. BrandfordTaitt. 21 members. 12 chosen by PM, 7chosen by Governor General (Religion,
Social, economic and other) and 2 chosenby the leader of opposition.
The House of Assembly: 31 memberselected by adult suffrage.
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Political Parties
Barbados Labour Party(BLP) Hon. Owen S.
Arthur, M.P
Democratic Labour Party(DLP)
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Highest Point: Mount Hillaby
Lowest Point: Caribbean sea
Land Distribution
Eleven Parishes:Saint AndrewSaint JamesSaint JosephSaint LucySaint Peter
Saint ThomasChrist ChurchSaint GoergeSaint Micheal
Saint PhillipsSaint John
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People and Culture.
Population distribution
286,705. About 90% of the population
is of African descent, 4% Europeandescent, and 6% Asian or mixed
Official Languages
English (Bajan, an English-Africandialect, is widely used)
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Culture and people
Religion: Protestant 63.4% (Anglican28.3%, Pentecostal 18.7%, Methodist5.1%, other 11.3%), Roman Catholic
4.2%, other Christian 7%, other 4.8%,none or unspecified 20.6%
Education: There are 12 years ofeducation starting at age five. Primaryschool has seven years and secondary
six. It is supported by the government.
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Economy
Unemployment: 12.5% (3rd. Qtr 2011)GDP growth: $3.963 billion (2010 est.)GDP rate: 0.5% (2010 est.)
GDP per capita: $21,800 (2010 est.)CPI inflation: 8.7% (Oct. 2011)National debt: 102.1% of GDP (2010 est.)
Currency: Barbados Dollar (BDS$2 = U.S.$1.)
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Resources
Natural resources: Petroleum, fish,quarrying, natural gas.
Imports: Consumer goods, machinery,foodstuffs, construction materials, chemicals,fuel, electrical components.
Exports: Manufactures, sugar andmolasses, rum, other foods and beverages,chemicals, electrical components
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Literature
Richard LigonOliver JackmanGeoffrey Drayton
Austin Clarke
John Wickham
George LammingEdward Kamau Braithwaite
H.A. Vaughn
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Saint Kitts and Nevis
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History
1493 St Christopher (St Kitts) was sightedby Christopher Columbus on his secondvoyage.
1623 It was colonised by the English underSir Thomas Warner.
1624 Another part of the island wascolonised by the French.
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during the 17th and 18th century the twopowers fought over the island until St Kitts
was ceded to Britain by the Treaty ofVersailles (1783).
1628 Nevis was settled by the English.
1816 the islands were administered, along
with Anguilla and the British Virgin Islands,as a single colony.
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1871 the islands became part of theLeeward Islands Federation.
1967 The two islands, together withAnguilla, assumed the status of association
with the UK.
1976 The country, as the Federation of St
Christopher and Nevis, got internal self-government.
1983 The country got its independence from
the UK.
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Capital City : Basseterre
Land Extension: 261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)
Official Name: The Federation of Saint
Crhistopher and Nevis
Coat of ArmsFlag
Population: 50,314 (July 2011 est.)
General Information
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Government
Based on the British ParliamentHead of State: Queen Elizabeth II
Governor General : Cuthbert M. Sebastian
Prime Minister: Hon. Dr. Denzil Douglas
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Government
Unicameral parliament: 14 member Houseof Assembly comprises 11 elected membersand 3 nominated members (two nominated
on the advice of the Prime Minister and oneon the advice of the leader of theopposition). Nevis has its own five seat
island administration and it is guaranteedrepresentation in the House of Assembly.
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Political Parties
St. Kitts-Nevis Labour Party. Hon. Dr.Denzil Douglas
Pepoles Action Movement.Lindsay Grant.
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Highest Point: Mount Liamuiga on St.Kitts.
Land Distribution
Highest Point: Nevis Peak on Nevis
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Lowest Point: Caribbean sea
Fourteen Parishes:Christ Chruch Nochola TownSaint Anne Sandy PointSaint Goerge Basseterre
Saint Goerge GingerlandSaint James WindwardSaint John CapisterreSaint John FigtreeSaint Mary CanyonSaint Paul Capisterre
Saint Paul CharlestonSaint Peter BasseterreSaint Thomas LowlandSaint Thomas Middle IslandTrinity Palmetto Point
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People and Culture.
Population distribution
Predominantly of African origin; some of
British, Portuguese, and Lebanesedescent.
Official Languages
English (Kittisian and Nevisian, English-African dialects, are widely used)
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Culture and people
Religion: Principally Anglican, withEvangelical Protestant and RomanCatholic minorities.
Education: There are 12 years ofeducation starting at age five. Primaryschool has seven years and secondary
six. It is supported by the government. itparticipates in the regional University ofthe West Indies, which has campuses inBarbados, Jamaica, and Trinidad and
Tobago.
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Economy
Unemployment: 5.1% (2006 est)GDP growth: $531 million (2010 est.)GDP rate: -1.5% (2010 est.)GDP per capita:$13,700 (2010 est.)CPI inflation: 5.3% (2006 est)National debt:185% of GDP (2009 est.)
Currency:East Caribbean Dollar (EC$2.70= U.S. $1.)
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Resources
Natural resources: sugarcane, rice, yams,vegetables, bananas; fish
Imports: machinery, manufactures, food,fuels.
Exports: machinery, food, electronics,beverages, tobacco.
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Literature
Mr. Caryl Phillips
Ms. Carol Otteley-Mitchel
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Conclusions