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Bench and Pilot Scale Testing of Novel Treatment Media
StormCon Portland, OR
August 7th, 2014
Stephanie Bianco, E.I.T.
[email protected] Nathan Ward, E.I.T.
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The Agenda
• Why Treat Stormwater?
• Port of Tacoma Case Study
• Media Selection and Bench Scale Column Test Results
• Pilot Study
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Why Treat Stormwater?
• Regulatory Pressures
• Environmental Responsibility
• Economic Benefits
Parameter Benchmark
Turbidity (NTU) 25
pH (SU) 5 - 9
Oil & Grease (mg/L) No visible sheen
Zinc (ug/L) 117
Copper (ug/L) 14
Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 100
Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) 120
Industrial Stormwater General Permit (ISGP)
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Port of Tacoma Case Study
West Hylebos Log Yard • 25 acres
• Log handling, storage, debarking
• Issues with Zinc and Copper
Project Goal • Design a staged media
filtration stormwater treatment system to meet ISGP benchmarks
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Filtration Media Selection
Select an “amendment” media for second stage sand filtration basin
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Bench Scale Column Tests – Part of the Solution?
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Log Yard Stormwater
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Bench Scale Column Test Schematic
Peristaltic Pump
(3) Pump Heads
Clear Sch. 40 PVC w/ Machined Lids
30” L x 2.5” ID
5-gal Bucket Influent
Sample Collection
Flexible Tubing
Flow Rate Measurement 100 mL/min
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Round I Media Selection
• Activated Peat
• Oyster Shells
• Crushed Concrete
• Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
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Round I Results
• Zn below benchmark (117 μg/L)
• Cu above benchmark
(14 μg/L)
• GAC removed the most metals and COD
Influent Peat Oyster Concrete GAC
Shells
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Bench Scale Column Test Objective
GAC = Amendment?
Sand to amendment ratio?
Cheaper GAC alternatives?
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Round II Media Selection
Sand + GAC vs. Sand + Biochar
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• Marginal benefit from increasing GAC content
• Increased Cu removal with increased biochar content
• Not much difference between GAC and biochar
Round II Results
Influent BC5% BC20% GAC1% GAC5% GAC10%
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Bench Scale Column Test Objective
Biochar Amended Sand Filtration
More amendment?
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Round III Results
• Sand removed the most metals
• Increased metals removal with more biochar
• Increased COD removal with biochar
Influent Sand BC30% BC50%
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Pilot Study Objective
50% Sand + 50% Biochar?
What about hydraulic
performance?
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Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
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Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Stormwater Storage Tank
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Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Head Box
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Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Distribution System
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Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Flow Meters
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Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Totes
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Pilot Study
Step 1: Place Media
24” Media
2” Pea Gravel
4” Drain Rock
12” Freeboard
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Pilot Study
Step 2: Collect Stormwater
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Pilot Study
Step 3: Test Infiltration Rate
• Application rate = 72 inches/hour (8.4 gallons per minute)
• Factor of safety = 1.5
• Duration = 1 to 2 hours
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Pilot Study Results
• 50% Biochar, 50% Gravelly Sand
FAILED!
• 30% Biochar, 70% Gravelly Sand
SUCCESS!
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Full Scale Implementation
30% Biochar
70% Sand
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Benefits of Bench and Pilot Scale Testing
• Low cost and efficient
• Flexible testing configurations
• Guides important design decisions
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Thank You!
Stephanie Bianco
253.835.6462
Nathan Ward
253.835.6415
Check out our NEW stormwater blog at:
KennedyJenks.com/blog