![Page 1: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Even better than ripple control?
Bryan Leyland MSc, FIEE(rtd), FIMechE, FIPENZ.
![Page 2: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Ripple control• Before the electricity reforms….
• effective demand side management
• huge savings to the consumer
• Then came the reforms that did not allow lines companies to recover the cost of managing demand…
![Page 3: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The current situationDistinct
morning and afternoon peaks have returned
Demand is ~500 MW higher than it needs to be
The upper SouthIsland continues to use ripple control.
North Island lines companies obviously abandoned it.
![Page 4: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Other problems..• This is not an uncommon
scene
• In an efficient market, when the demand goes up, the price goes up and demand backs off
• Can anyone explain how we get all these wiggles?
• My smart hot water relay couldn’t fix this!
![Page 5: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The reforms• Spawned a regulation that forced lines
companies to pass through all of Transpower’s charges
• Most lines companies ran down their ripple control systems
• and made a profit..
• The upper South Island maintained its ripple system
![Page 6: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
An even smarter relay
• Current ripple relays can switch groups of water heaters off and on
• A presentation at a recent conference spawned the idea of a truly smart hot water relay..
![Page 7: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Smart ripple relay• Plug-in replacement for the thermostat on a
conventional electric water heater
• A version without the temperature sensing could control other loads.
![Page 8: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What it can do..• Transpower and the lines cos
• The retailer
• The consumer
• Replace spinning reserve
• Reduce the need for AUFLS
• Solve the over frequency problem
• Limit price spikes
• Limit constraint problems
The potential savings are enormous!
![Page 9: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Frequency management• It could operate over a range of +/-0.0 5 hertz
relative to 50 cycles
• The biggest load diversion governor in the world!
• Control ~800 MW little need for
• frequency management
• spinning reserve
• All for virtually no cost!
But the generators may not be pleased…
![Page 10: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Managing price spikes• Sometimes we get price
spikes that last only a few hours
• It would be easy to dump load rather than starting up expensive reserve plant
• And benefit everyone but the generators!
![Page 11: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Manage transmission constraints
• When a constraint occurs, it would be easy to dump load in the affected area
• But the generators might not be happy…
![Page 12: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Security• The big risk is, of course, the Wi-Fi connection
• the same for smart meters
• Hackers
• cold water
• or crash the system
• Security is important!
![Page 13: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Who benefits?
The consumer
Transpower
System operator
The lines companies
Generators
![Page 14: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
How do we aggregate the benefits?
• Under the present regime, there seems to be no way to do this
The Electricity Authority insist that there is nothing they need to do!
• One organisation should aggregate all the benefits
• How?
• The lines company
• Transpower/system operator
• The retailer
• The consumer
![Page 15: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What could be done?The simple option
• A load that can be controlled without you noticing it must be it available for load control
• less Draconian than the current AUFLS regime
• Relays funded by Electricity Authority levy
• All consumers would benefit
• No chance it will happen
• “consumer choice” is rated higher than consumer benefit
![Page 16: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
What could be done?A more complex option
• consumers with relays pay less
• two different tariffs
• for those with and without relays
• But how would you get lines companies and generators to sign up?
• Who funds the installation of the relays? The consumer or????
I suspect it would finish up being an administrative nightmare with endless arguments all aimed at minimising the apparent benefit
![Page 17: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The perfect solution?A single buyer market
• It would be obvious to the single buyer that it would be a major contributor to a “reliable and economic supply”
• So he must get on and do it
• The consumers would be delighted
• it would have no significant effect on the profits of the other players..
But a single buyer is heresy of the worst sort!
![Page 18: Better than ripple control3 · Microsoft PowerPoint - Better than ripple control3.pptx Author: aphi018 Created Date: 9/8/2015 10:03:24 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022053123/60abfd65483b9d63174cfb02/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Questions…