Download - Biology II - Ecology - Ecosystem Energy Flow
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Energy FlowThrough anEcosystem
Food Chains, Food Webs,Energy Pyramids
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Begins with the SUNPhotosynthesis
6CO2+ 6H2O + sunlight & chlorophyll
C6H12O6+ 6O2
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PhotosynthesisChemical reaction where green plants
use water & carbon dioxideto store thesuns energy in glucose
ENERGY is stored in glucose
Glucose is stored as starch in plants
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Organisms that can
make glucose duringphotosynthesis arecalledPRODUCERS.
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Producers usemost of the
energy they makefor themselves.
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Producers use
cellular respirationto supply the energythey need to live.
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CELLULARRESPIRATION is
the chemicalreaction thatreleases the
energy in glucose.
6O2+ C6H12O6--> 6H2O + 6CO2+ energy
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The energy that is notused by producerscan
be passed on toorganisms that cannotmake their own energy.
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Organisms that cannotmake their own energy
are calledCONSUMERS.
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Consumers that eat producers
to get energy:Are first order (1st)or
primary consumers
Are herbivores(plant-eaters)
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Mostof the
energy theprimary consumergets from the
producer is usedby the consumer.
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Someof the
energy moves intothe atmosphere as
heat.
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Some energy in theprimary consumer is
STORED¬ lostto the atmosphere or
used by theconsumer itself.
This energy isavailablefor anotherconsumer (predator).
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A Consumer that Eats AnotherConsumer for Energy:
Is called a secondary or2nd order consumer
May be a carnivoreoran omnivore
May be a predator
May be a scavenger
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Mostof the
energy thesecondaryconsumer gets
from the primaryconsumer is used
by the secondaryconsumer.
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Someof the
energy is lost asheat, but someenergy is storedand can passed on
to another
consumer.
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A consumer that eats aconsumer that already ate a
consumer:Is called a 3rd orderor
tertiary consumerMay be a carnivore or
an omnivore
May be a predatorMay be a scavenger
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Consumers that eat producers
& other consumersAre calledomnivoresOmnivoreseat plants
andanimals
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Consumers that hunt & kill
other consumers are calledpredators.The animals that are
hunted & killed are calledprey.
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Consumers that eat other
dead consumers are calledscavengers
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The transfer of energyfrom thesunto producerto primary
consumer then to higher orderconsumerscan be shown in a
FOOD CHAIN.
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Food Chains Show Available Energy
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More Food Chains
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Another way of
showing thetransfer of
energy in anecosystem is theENERGY
PYRAMID
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Energy Pyramids ShowAmount of available
energy decreasesforhigher consumersAmount of availableenergy decreasesdown the
food chainIt takes a large numberof producersto support asmall number of primary
consumersIt takes a large numberof primary consumerstosupport a small number of
secondary consumers
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Food Webs:
Are interconnectedfood chains
They show the
feeding relationshipsin an ecosystem
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How Many Chains are in
this web?
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Identify the
Producers,Consumers, &
Decomposers:
Count the
Food
Chains!
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The End?