Biome Review
What biome is this?
• desert
http://www.nicisoft.com/images/ex/desert-pictures/desert-picture-1.jpg
What biome is this?
• Tundra
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss5/biome/images/tundra.jpg
What biome is this?
• Temperate or• Deciduous
forest
http://nebraska.sierraclub.org/movalley/images/Hitchcock-Forest.jpg
What biome is this?• Rain forest
http://rainforests.mongabay.com/0402.htm
Levels of organization of life
• Cell• Smallest unit that is alive• 2 or more working together makes• Tissue, for example, muscle tissue• 2 or more types of tissue working
together makes• Organ, for example, your heart
• 2 or more organs working together makes
• An organ system• For example circulatory system• 2 or more organ systems working
together makes• An organism… like• You, or a monkey• 2 or more monkeys of the same
species makes• Population
• Which is all of the monkeys in one area
• All the monkeys, all the trees, all the birds, and bees makes
• Community • Add in the nonliving factors in an
area, and you have• An ecosystem• Put all the ecosystems together in
one area and you have• Biomes
• Put all the biomes together and you have
• Biosphere• Earth • Our planet
ECOLOGY• Study of how living (biotic) and
nonliving (abiotic) factors interact• List 7 abiotic factors that determine if
an elephant can survive in an area:• Amt of light• Temperature• Amt of O2
• Space• Amt of water• pH (amt of acid)• Substrate (soil and rock type)
Sometimes, our world does not match the needs
of wild creatures
Niche• Pronounced NEECH OR NEESH• Niche: the role or job of an
organism in its environment• Bees have many niches,• Pollinators• Food for birds, make honey for
other organisms• Barn owl niche: • eats rodents
Habitat
• Where an organism lives• Owl habitat?• Fish habitat?• Deer?
Decomposer
• On organism that breaks down dead material into small molecules so plants can reuse the material the dead organism was made of
• Original recyclers• Saprobes, saprophytes• Write in examples: mushrooms,
mold, bacteria, worms, insects
Autotroph
• An organism that does photosynthesis to get energy
• Also called a producer or a green plant
Heterotroph
• An organism that eats for energy
• Also called a consumer
Food web
• Better than a chain, because it shows more interactions between organisms
• Always starts with the producer• Decomposers are there, but not
shown
Create a food web
• Using organisms from our biome• Put grass, trees and berries on the
bottom of the space• What eats them? Write it above,
and connect with an arrow going into the belly of the eater (consumer)
Energy pyramid
• Shows flow of energy in an ecosystem
• 90% of the energy is lost as heat• 10% of the energy is given to the
next level (it got eaten)• Source of energy is the sun• Decomposers are outside the
pyramid
Energy pyramid
decomposer
3° consumer
Producer
2° consumer
1° consumer
sun
Amount of energy available
• Bottom layer is 100%
• Write in the rest
decomposer
3° consumer
Producer
2° consumer
1° consumer
sun
Use the creatures from your food web to create a
4 level energy pyramid• Include the amount % of energy at
each level
• Work on worksheet
Limiting Factors
• things in the environment that keeps the population from exploding
• Example: frogs lay 100-300 eggs• Why are we not flooded with frogs?• Give examples:
1980
1982
1982
Dead elk movie (after eruption)
• http://faculty.washington.edu/moral/mount.html
2002- heavily pumiced slope
Lichen
SUCCESSION
• gradual change in plants and animals over a long period of time
Primary Succession • o starts with rock (no soil)….. volcano,
bedrock• o weather and erosion crack off pieces
of rock forming _soil_• o lichens and mosses grow • o called ____PIONEER___ COMMUNITY
(first ones there)• o leads to _SHRUBS AND SMALL
BUSHES• o then PINE TREES• o then HARDWOOD forest… • called the _CLIMAX__ COMMUNITY
Secondary Succession
• starts with SOIL• examples: after a farmer stops
PLOWING A FIELD, AFTER a tornado, abandoned parking lots or yards, lakes/ponds filling in
• happens faster than 1° succession