Download - Building and Construction Materials for Sustainable Development

BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS FOR SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

Dr K M Soni, Chief Engineer, CPWD, Mumbai

IBC Seminar at Chnadigarh: Dr K M Soni, Chief Engineer, CPWD, Mumbai

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Sustainable Materials• Sustainable materials are

those materials that provide environmental, social and economic benefits while protecting public health and environment over their whole life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials until the final disposal.

www.sustainablematerials.org.uk

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Green Material• “A green material is one that

simultaneously does the most with the least, fits most harmoniously within ecosystem processes, helps eliminate the use of other materials and energy, and contributes to the attainment of a service-based economy.”

• Based on environmental concerns

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Environmental Concerns through regulations

• Rivers, Water Bodies and Sea - water• Ground surface - earth• Air • Inter-relation• Eco-system

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Environmental Concerns in construction

• Civil construction activities i.e. Buildings and other engineering structures

• Natural resources/materials• Water (pollution)• Air (dust)• Noise• Construction activities affects eco-system

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How to make balance between development and eco-system ?

Better we learn early as not only public but courts/tribunals are going to ask us this vital question.

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The Aarey Milk Colony is situated in Goregaon East, Mumbai, established in 1949 and officially inaugurated by the then PM in 1951, having gardens, a nursery, lakes, an observation pavilion, picnic facilities, and milk plants, cattle farms and poultry farm.

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Aarey colony, MumbaiEco-sensitive zone

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Green tribunal temporarily halts all construction work at Aarey colony in Mumbai

HT, Dec 20, 2016

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Central Poultry Development Organisation

Existing Poultry Sheds

Existing Godowns

Approach Road

Existing Office and Hatchery

Existing Lab

Scattered Residential Units

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All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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Ban constructions within 300m of Upper Lake, Bhopal: NGT3.07.2014 (ToI)

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HC bans construction on Chitlapakkam Lake, Chennai and on the bund abutting it, Hindu, 08 Feb 2017

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http://www.nyoooz.com/


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The Uttarakhand HC imposed a blanket ban on any

construction within a radius of 2 km from major lakes in

Nainital. The HC also ordered a ban on cutting of trees within a five km radius of the lake

ToI, Nov 8, 2016

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http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Uttarakhand-HC

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Uttarakhand-HC


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BUILDING MATERIALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS• As per “The Environment (Protection) Act,

1986”, environment includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro organism and property.

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other living creatures, plants, micro organism; part of eco-system

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Any filling disturbs living creatures, plants and micro-organism on ground

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Such activities also disturbs living creatures, and micro-organism in water

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And even ...............

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Smog/air pollution disturbs living creatures, plants and micro-organism

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So, please remember, these all activities are going to affect construction activities due to environmental concerns

so sustainable development is only the answerwhich is to be properly defined before the courts considering engineering

concerns

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Sustainable Building/construction Materials are part of sustainable development

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Green tribunal halts sand mining in coastal Maharashtra | Saturday 08 February 2014

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Environmental concern

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Construction concerns ?

Environmental concern

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So, what can engineers do?

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Alternative of natural sandManufactured sand

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Recycled sand7 April 2017


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Environmental concern on stone quarrying/aggregate

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Environmental concern for air pollution too

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Recycled aggregate

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Red mud

Slag

Flyash

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Sustainable Materials

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From waste plastic mining, coal and steel industries

Brick/blocks from recycled plastic, waste from industries, ceramic hardware and paper

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WasteBasedBricks, produced by a startup called StoneCycling, creates the bricks by mixing waste from nearby glass, ceramics, and insulation factories, and sometimes rejected clay from traditional brick factories and demolition waste,

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Glass

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Green Building Concept• “Green building

concept is based on relative term and green is entirely considered on relative basis”.

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Green buildings

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Green Products

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Therefore, a selection criterion is required to assess green material

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Selection criteria for assessment of green materials (Brian Milani,

2001)• Resource efficiency• Indoor air quality• Energy efficiency• Water conservation and • Affordability

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Sl. No. Parameter Weightage

1 Embodied energy 202 Waste content 103 Life cycle/durability 154 Maintainability 55 Toxicity including during fire 106 Safety during installation/use, fire,

earthquake etc.10

7 Local Availability 58 Recyclability 59 Energy requirement during its use 20

Parameters for classification a green material

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Waste materials to be used as resource materials

• Fly ash• Red mud• Slag• Unfired clay bricks• Manufactured sand• Glass • C & D Waste• And so on…..7 April 2017


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And look for alternatives to natural materials

• Paper• Artificial stones• Carbon fibres• Translucent concrete• Rubber modified asphalt• Plastic • Recycled bitumen• Silica fumes• Bagasse• Rice husk ash• Wood • Water • clothes• Special concrete7 April 2017


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Paper waste for construction Material

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Artificial Stone

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Rubber modified asphalt

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Plastic

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Recycled bitumen

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Silica fumes

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Bagasse

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Manufactured wood board

Engineered wood, or composite wood, or manufactured board, includes a range of derivative wood products manufactured by binding or fixing the strands, particles, fibres, or veneers or boards of wood, together with adhesives, or other methods of fixation to form composite materials.

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Rice husk ash

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Recycled water

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Recycled jeans

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Green technologies

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Smart Buildings, Roads, Energy, Materials and Services

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Translucent concrete(achieved by replacing aggregates with transparent alternate materials like optical

fibres/clear resins the concrete mix. Translucent concrete is a concrete based building material with light-transmissive properties due to embedded light optical elements — usually optic fibres.

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Carbon fibres

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Insulated concrete panels

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Aerogel insulationAerogels are solids with high porosity formed by removing the liquid from a gel under special drying conditions, bypassing the shrinkage and cracking experienced during ambient evaporation. This creates a solid three-dimensional nanoporous structure containing 80-99% air. Due to their high porosity, they exhibit the lowest thermal conductivity, whilst being transparent to light and solar radiation.

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Sweating rooftopFor the roofing material, the researchers used a special water-permeable membrane that fills with water when it rains. If the material becomes warmer than about 90 degrees Fahrenheit in direct sunlight, it begins to “sweat,” releasing water at the surface, where it evaporates and helps to cool the building.

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http://inhabitat.com/tag/passive-cooling


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Self healing concrete

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Insulated concrete panels/forms

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Light weight geofoam blocks

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Pervious concrete

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Heat sensitive tiles

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Robotics in construction & maintenance

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Smart & Green buildings

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Conclusions • Need to adopt smart and sustainable materials and

technologies based on environmental laws• Define sustainable materials based on local

requirements• Adopt new materials and technologies using

minimum or no natural materials• Research in the country for construction materials

and technologies based on country’s requirements and knowledge updation by engineers

• Avoid wastage and adopt quality in construction• Future is for smart and green buildings/structures7 April 2017


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(The contribution of photographs and material wherever taken from the internetfrom various sites and presented here is gratefully acknowledged)

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And then• “Quality” in works (construction and

maintenance) for durability is to be adopted• Wastage is to be adopted in all spheres of life• Knowledge needs to be updated upto field

levels• Research suiting to local requirements

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Download - Building and Construction Materials for Sustainable Development

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