TOPIC 1: BUILDING SYSTEM

Construction

Residental Buildings

One-family and multi-dwellings,detached, detached and houses

Non -Residential Building

All non-residential buildings; allbuildings; office buildings foreducational, cultural religious

Civil Engineering Works

Roads, streets, highways; railroads;airports; canals waterways; pipelines forwater and sewer telephone and system;transmission oil wells, gas wells, shafts,dams, dikes

Building Elements

Structure

Is the rugged backbone of the building.It consists of the foundation, the pillars,beams and forging.

Enclosures

They provide external protection againstatmospheric agents. They are formed bythe walls of the facades and roofs

Partitions

They made internally by partitions orwalls. They sorted and distributed theinterior space

Coatings

Coverings; floors walls and ceilingsprovide a clean and pleasant finish

Parts of Structure

The superstructure (the part above ground)

Crane

a device for lifting and moving heavyobjects, typically consisting of a movingboom, beam, or gantry from whichlifting gear is suspended

Columns

A supporting pillar consisting of a base,a cylindrical shaft, and a capital.

Girders

A beam, as of steel, wood, or reinforcedconcrete, used as a main horizontalsupport in a building or bridge.

Curtain wall

A nonbearing wall, often of glass andsteel, fixed to the outside of a buildingand serving especially as cladding.

The substructure (the part belowground), that includes the foundationsand the basement walls.

Piles

A quantity of objects stacked or throwntogether in a heap

Both the substructure and thesuperstructure help to support theload (weight) of the building

Mechanical Properties of Materials

TractionThis property tells us how strong amaterial is when stretched

CompressionThis property tells us how strong amaterial is when compressed

FlexionThis property tells us how strong amaterial is when bent

Building Materials

Waterproofing prevent the passageof water: tar paper

A material, usually a membrane orapplied compound, used to make asurface impervious to water

Tar paper is a heavy-duty paper used inconstruction. Tar paper is made byimpregnating paper with tar, producing awaterproof material useful for roofconstruction

Artificial stone materials: tiles, bricks

A mixture of stone chips or fragments,usually embedded in a matrix of mortar,cement, or plaster; the surface may beto simulate stone; variously called artmarble, artificial marble, cast stone,marezzo, patent stone, andreconstructed stone.

A tile is a manufactured piece ofhard-wearing material such as ceramic,stone, metal, or even glass. Tiles aregenerally used for covering roofs, floors,walls, showers, or other objects such astabletops.

A brick is a block or a single unit of aceramic material used in masonryconstruction. Typically bricks are stackedtogether or laid as brickwork usingvarious kinds of mortar to hold thebricks together and make a permanentstructure.

Natural stone materials: granite, marble

True stone, as distinguished fromimitations. The term is a redundancy, asstone is, by definition, natural in itsoccurrence.

Granite is a common widely occurringtype of intrusive, felsic, igneous rockwhich is granular and phaneritic intexture. This rock consists mainly ofquartz, mica, and feldspar.

Marble is a non-foliated metamorphicrock composed of recrystallizedcarbonate minerals, most commonlycalcite or dolomite.

Foundations, beams and columns ofreinforced concrete

Any part of a structure that serves totransmit the load to the earth or rock,usually below ground level; the entiremasonary substructure

Binders materials: cement

A cementing material, either hydratedcement or a product of cement or limeand reactive siliceous material, forholding loose material together.

Insulating materials: polyurethane

A mixture of dry granular, fibrous, flaky,or powdery materials that develops aplastic consistency when mixed withwater, and when dried in place; forms acoherent covering that providessubstantial resistance to heattransmission.

Polyurethane is a resilient, flexible anddurable manufactured material that cantake the place of paint, cotton, rubber,metal or wood in thousands ofapplications across virtually all fields. Itcan be hard like fiberglass, squishy likeupholstery foam, protective like varnish,bouncy like rubber or sticky like glue.

Materials for decorative finishes: paint, papers

A paint which conceals the coveredsurface and provides a decorative andprotective coating

prepared by Mohd. Anis Yaziq

TOPIC 1. BUILDING SYSTEM.mmap - 12/31/2012 - Mindjet