Download - Business Analysis Fundamentals
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Fundamentals
of Business Analysis
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Objectives
1. Definition of business analysis & business analyst profession
2. Exploring the knowledge areas of business analysis
3. Definition of requirements & its types 4. Understand the difference between
requirements elicitation & requirements gathering
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In the Beginning...
• There was chaos...
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In the Beginning...
• Projects were like a battlefield
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A lot of work was being done... But it was not always productive
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A Little Later On…
Build Implement Plan Test
Organizations invested in Project Management practices
“Typical” Project Life Cycle
But it still doesn’t work
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• Only 16.2% of projects will be completed on time & on budget
• About 40-56% of project conflicts can be traced to requirement errors
• Finding and fixing requirement errors consumes 70-85% of project rework costs
• The average project exceeds its planned time schedule by 120%
• About 52.7% of projects will cost 189% of their original estimate
• About 30% of projects are cancelled before completion.
Why it doesn’t work?
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Typical project… …expends least effort on requirements analysis… …which is where most errors originate… …and whose errors cost most to fix!
Conclusion
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And That why projects doomed?
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Now .. The Picture Complete
Build Implement Plan Test Describe Define
Project Management Business Analysis
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What Do These Words Mean, Anyway?
• Systems Analyst • Systems Engineer • Architect • Business system analyst • Business Analyst • Analyst Programmer
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What Has Changed?
• International Institute of Business Analysis (IIBA) established in 2003 as is an independent non-profit professional association, serving the growing field of business analysis.
www.theiiba.org
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IIBA defines a Business Analysis
Source: International Institute of Business Analysis (IIBA®)
The set of tasks & techniques used to: 1. work as a liaison among stakeholders 2. To understand the structure, policies
and operations of an organization 3. and to recommend solutions that
enable the organization to achieve its goals.
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“A business analyst works as a liaison among stakeholders in order to elicit, analyze, communicate, and validate requirements for changes to business processes, policies, and information systems.”
A Business Analyst
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Putting the Business Analyst in context
Owner/sponsor
Solutions developers Subject Matter Experts/Users
BUSINESS ANALYST
Project Manager
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Requirements
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Requirement: IIBA’s Definition
• A Requirement is defined to be: 1. A condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve
a problem or achieve an objective; 2. A condition or capability that must be met or possessed
by a system to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed document.
3. A documented representation of a condition or capability as in (1) or (2).
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Types of Requirements
Business Requirements
• higher-level statements of the goals, objectives, or needs of the enterprise.
User Requirements
• statements of the needs of a particular stakeholder or class of stakeholders.
System Requirements
• describe the behavior and information that the solution will manage.
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Requirements 4 C’s
• Requirements Should be : – Complete – Clear – Correct – Consistent.
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Business Analysis Knowledge Areas
Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring
Enterprise Analysis
Elicitation Requirements Analysis
Solution Assessment & Validation
Requirements Management and Communication
Underlying Competencies
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Enterprise Analysis
• Feasibility Studies • High level Risk Assessments • Business Cases
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Requirements Planning and Management
• What methodology will be used on the project?
• How will requirements be elicited?
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Requirements Elicitation
• Core BA activity! • Elicited, not “gathered”! • Get ALL the REAL requirements RIGHT
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What is Elicitation? Defined…
The definition of elicitation is1:
1. To draw forth or bring out (something latent or potential)
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Requirements Elicitation
• How Can We Elicit Requirements? – Interviews – Surveys – Meetings (Focus Groups) – Observation – Prototyping
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Requirements Elicitation
• Where Can We Go to Elicit Requirements? – Users – Managers – Executives – Programmers – Other BAs – Old System – The Web
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Requirements Analysis & Documentation
• Two tasks – big knowledge area • Modeling
– ERD – Process Flow – Use Case
• Documentation – Requirements Specifications – Design Document
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Requirements Communication
• Communicate requirements back to the stakeholders
• Reviews mostly • Small knowledge area
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Solution Assessment and Validation
• Evaluate and select a solution • Assist with developers ,testing and QA • Assist with implementation • Post-Implementation Review