Download - Cambodian Holocaust
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Cambodian Holocaust
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http://www.countrywatch.com/cw_country.asp?vCOUNTRY=030
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Who is responsible for the Cambodian
Holocaust?
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Pol Pot (Soloth Sar)
• lived in Buddhist monastery for six years
• leader of the Khmer Rouge guerrillas
• tried to turn Cambodia into a self-sufficient, agrarian utopia
• took control of Cambodia in 1975
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What did Pol Pot want to do?
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Pol Pot’s Goal
•Create a Self-sufficient, agrarian, utopia (true communism)
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How did Pol Pot do this?
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He Started Over = Year Zero
Eliminate all knowledge of the past!!!!
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How did he intend to pull this off?
• By enlisting the youth (9,10, 11 year old kids) of the country in his new army known as the Khmer Rouge (the young are easy to influence).
• By wiping the country clean of traces of the past (killing those with knowledge of the past).
• By controlling all aspects of the country (politically, economically and socially)
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• By forcing all citizens into collectives to work according to age, gender and skill.
• By holding indoctrination sessions every evening to remind them all of the wonderful rewards of communism.
• By publicly murdering anyone that questioned the Khmer Rouge.
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Who are the Khmer Rouge?
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Khmer Rouge• The Communist Khmer Rouge came to power in this small Southeast Asian nation in 1975 as part of the vast upheaval caused largely by the spilling over of the Vietnam War.
• The Khmer are communist followers of Pol Pot
• Most are young and enjoy their new power
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When the Khmer took over:
• The populations of Cambodia's cities were forced to evacuate the cities, move to the countryside and engage in agricultural labor. = Communes/Collectives/Cooperatives
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• They closed most institutions (schools, banks, government buildings, churches) and vowed to provided for their needs in the countryside.
• They required absolute obedience from all Cambodians.
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Khmer Slogan
•“Keeping new people is no benefit, losing them is no loss.”
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What type of person was the most threatening to the Khmer
Rouge’s power?
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Who was murdered?
People with glasses
People who could speak another language
People whom had traveled
Foreigners
Counter-revolutionaries
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Educated Prisoner• Intellectuals and
anyone else seen as standing in the way of the new social order were mercilessly killed, while many of those who escaped execution died from overwork and starvation.
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S-21Prison (Interrogation Center)
(a former high school)
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S-21 Prison
• This building is now a museum devoted to helping those impacted by these events.
• Many Cambodians travel here to try to understand what happened to their families and friends.
• http://www.downtheroad.org/Asia/Photo/2Cambodia_Pictures/9Tuol_Sleng_Genocidal_Crime.htm
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So what brought an end to all of this?
• The Vietnamese invaded and took over Cambodia ousting the Khmer Rouge from power.
• The country remained communist for some time but not in such extreme conditions.
• Pol Pot fled into the jungle and remained in hiding until his death.
• Pol Pot denied that he had ever done anything wrong and truly believed he held the future of Cambodia in his hands.
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The Cambodian genocide of 1975-1979, eliminated approximately 1.7 million people (21% of the country's population)
A Killing Field
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• According to Yale University’s Cambodian Genocide Program
–There were over 200 killing sites–9,500 mass grave pits
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Pol Pot's death in April 1998 heralded the end of the brutal career of a man responsible for overseeing one of the worst genocides of the 20th century.
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/asia/june97/cambodia_6-18a.html
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So what is Cambodia like after Pol Pot falls from power?
• DUMB literally!!!!• For four years all they
have learned about is communism they have been shut out from the rest of the world. They farmed and read Mao’s Little Red Book. Generations of people are dead.
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/78988.stm
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Who is responsible for the Cambodian Genocide?
• Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge (communists)
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Where and when did this occur?
• Cambodia• At the end of the U.S. involvement
in Vietnam• 1975 - 1979
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Why and How?
• The communists wanted to purge the country of traces of the past and start over.
• They used young minds and brutal treatment to enforce their ways.
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Want to see a great movie on this historical event?
• The Killing Fields