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Aalders, G. J. D., 71n8 , 74n19 Abbott, K. M., 276 Abel, K., 58n18 , 58n19 , 63n32 , 173 Accius, 30 Achilles, 35 , 38 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 172 ,

199n2 , 210 Actium, 126 Adams, R. M., 161n3 addressees

in Seneca’s prose works, 54 , 55 , 56 , 59 , 61 , 64 , 65 , 219

adfectus , 174 , 177 , 183 , 193 , 228 , 229 , 231 Aebutius Liberalis, 59 , 59n23 Aedui , 101 , 104 Aeschylus, Oresteia , 166n37 aetiology, 85 , 157 Aetna , 260 affectus . See adfectus Agrippina, 17 , 20 , 20n11 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 93 , 97 ,

97n20 , 97n21 , 102 , 103 , 128 , 187 , 195 , 263 , 312 , 316

Ahl, F., 31 , 31n8 , 32n10 , 33n15 aidos , 199 , 200 , 206 Albanese, G., 279n15 , 283n49 Alexander, W. H., 138 , 138n16 , 138n18 ,

138n19 , 167n46 Allen, P. S., 284n55 , 284n56 , 284n57 altercatio , 58 , 58n15 Althoff, J., 248n46 , 248n47 , 251 Altman, J., 46 , 46n29 Ambrosius, 268 , 274n21 amicitia . See Seneca, view of friendship Andr é , J. M., 251 , 305n9 Andrew, E., 289n1 anger, 27 , 31 , 36 , 72 , 73 , 103 , 110 , 143 , 148 ,

157 , 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 , 179 , 180 , 181 , 182 , 183 , 230 , 231 , 231n34 , 232n35 , 247 , 296. See also Seneca, On anger

apatheia , 178 , 184 , 199 , 200 , 206 , 270 , 271 Appius Claudius Caecus, 101 Appius Claudius Pulcher, 100 Apuleius, 55n2 , 55n5 , 55n6 Aquinas, 291 , 291n10 Arce, J., 101n33 Areus, 62 , 111 , 115 , 163 Ariston of Chios, 213 , 214 Aristotle, 9 , 64n37 , 74 , 76 , 77 , 154 , 174 ,

176 , 177 , 179 , 181 , 202 , 203 , 204 , 207 , 209 , 211 , 213 , 214 , 215 , 226 , 229 , 230 , 237 , 243 , 272 , 279 , 280

Meteorologica , 84 Nicomachean Ethics , 44 , 44n19 , 49 , 176 ,

203 , 209 on anger, 176 on emotions, 178 on shame, 203 , 204 on the mean, 179 Politics , 71 Rhetoric , 150 , 151 , 176

Armisen-Marchetti, M., 7 , 43n10 , 43n14 , 52 , 90n21 , 124n5 , 125n8 , 133 , 134 , 146n50 , 149 , 152n6 , 153n7 , 160 , 165n26 , 189n4 , 192n12 , 193n15 , 194n19 , 265

Arnobius, 270 , 271 Artaud, A., 29 , 308 Ascanius, 116 , 117 , 118 askesis . See meditatio Asmis, E., 2 , 9 , 44n25 , 193 , 214n1 , 224 ,

240n3 , 240n9 assent, in Seneca, 225 , 230 , 232 Astyanax, 35 , 36 , 116 , 117 , 118 ,

170n64 , 171 Athenodorus of Tarsus, 78 , 79 , 80 Atreus, 30 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 38n32 , 111 , 167 ,

167n44 , 168n49 , 182 , 260

INDEX

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Attalus, 25 Atticus, 41 , 43 , 44 , 46 Augustine, St., 27 , 266 , 267 , 268 , 269 , 270 ,

275 , 275n22 , 275n23 , 303 Augustus, 6 , 26 , 62 , 70 , 73 , 78 , 97 , 98n25 ,

100 , 101n33 , 103 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 120 , 123 , 125 , 126 , 126n11 , 129 , 129n19 , 130 , 132 , 165 , 167 , 261 , 300

Aulus Gellius, 42 , 55n2 , 55n3 , 99 , 138 , 138n17 , 264

Austin, R. G., 138n18 , 139n20

Bacon, Francis, 41 , 304 Bakhtin, M., 62n29 , 64 , 65n38 , 67 Bandera, C., 169n57 Barchiesi, A., 168n49 Barker, E. P., 29 Barnes, J., 222 Barthes, R., 15n1 Barton, C., 165n26 Bartsch, S., 37n28 , 43n14 , 46n28 , 53 , 54 ,

62n28 , 65n38 , 74 , 74n21 , 125n8 , 134 , 156n8 , 160 , 162 , 162n5 , 162n8 , 164n19 , 164n20 , 166n36 , 187 , 189n5 , 191 , 198 , 222 , 307n13

Barzizza, G., 283 , 295 , 295n30 , 296 , 296n31 Bauman, R., 99n26 Beacham, R. C., 165n29 , 165n31 , 166n35 ,

167n41 Benedict, R., 199n3 Benferhat, Y., 74n23 Berno, F. R., 5 , 43n15 , 48n36 , 82 , 86n16 ,

86n17 , 89n18 , 89n19 , 90n26 , 91 , 92 , 246n35 , 251

Billanovich, G., 282n42 Binns, J. W., 281n37 Bion of Borysthenes, 139 Bl ä nsdorf, J., 95n12 Bloom, H., 39 , 39n35 Bloomer, M., 163n13 Bl ü her, K. A., 278n11 , 281n38 , 283n46 , 302 ,

304n3 , 317 blushing, 207 , See shame Bobbio, A., 282n42 Boccaccio, 27 Bocciolini Palagi, L., 276 Bodin, J., 295 body, 133 , 164 , 177 , 203 , 207 , 293 , 294

depreciation of, 192 , 227 body politic, 72 , 293 , 294 , 297 , 299 Bolgar, R. R., 283n46

Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 11 , 307 Bonner, S. F., 40 , 137n9 Bourgery, A., 136n8 , 149 Boussuet, 305 Boyle, A. J., 30n6 , 33 , 33n17 , 34 , 34n18 ,

37n28 , 38n33 , 117 , 166n33 , 166n34 , 167n41 , 168n51 , 169n54 , 171n65 , 173 , 317

Boyle, Robert, 305 Bracciolini, Poggio, 298 , 298n47 , 298n48 ,

298n49 Braden, G., 281n38 , 288 , 302 , 307n14 ,

307n15 , 317 Bradshaw, J., 199n1 Braund, S., 4 , 15 , 28n29 , 43n10 , 56n10 ,

71n9 , 72n12 , 73n16 , 74n20 , 75n26 , 75n27 , 77n31 , 81 , 95n11 , 97n19 , 97n22 , 105 , 109n1 , 120 , 134 , 163n16 , 184 , 267n5 , 278n4 , 311n22

Bravo D í az, J. R., 83n9 , 84n12 , 86n16 , 90n20 , 90n22 , 92

Brennan, T., 184 , 205n13 , 211 Brescia, Alberto da, 291 Britannicus, 22 , 195 , 196 , 312 Brock, R. W., 72n13 , 74n20 Brugnoli, G., 278n4 , 278n6 Brunt, P., 44n22 , 74n18 , 79n39 Brutus, M., 70 Bruun, NW., 94n4 , 306n11 Burnyeat, M., 203 , 203n12 , 211 Burrow, C., 301n66 , 302 Burrus, Sextus Afranius, 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ,

26 , 124 , 255 , 316 Butterworth, E., 287n73 Byrne, S. N., 121 , 261n8

Caecilian Law, 99 Cairns, F., 199n3 Caligula, 2 , 4 , 10 , 94 , 103 , 111 , 138 , 187 ,

196 , 197 , 263 Calpurnius Siculus, 124 , 259 Cancik, H., 42n4 Canter, H. V., 35n21 , 152 , 152n5 , 160 Carabin, D., 284n54 , 284n58 , 285n59 ,

285n60 , 285n61 , 285n62 , 287n72 , 287n74

care of the self, 122 , 188 , 189 Carlyle, 162n6 Cartesian mind-body relation, 207n17 Casteln é rac, B., 228n27 Castiglioni, L., 136n8 catachresis, 154 , 155

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Cato the Elder, 99 , 100n32 Cato the Younger, 16 , 16n6 , 36 , 37 , 37n31 ,

49 , 78 , 99 , 100 , 103 , 163 , 191 , 194 , 209 , 209n23 , 215 , 225 , 234 , 259 , 306

Caviglia, F., 281n31 , 281n33 Champlin, E., 165n27 , 165n28 , 165n29 ,

166n35 , 166n36 , 173 Christus patiens

Seneca as, 311 Chrysippus, 61 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 153 , 174 ,

176 , 201 , 213 , 229 , 229n29 , 229n32 , 232 , 242 , 272

Cicero, 11 , 35n21 , 41 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 50 , 52 , 55 , 55n1 , 55n2 , 55n3 , 55n4 , 58n15 , 59 , 59n23 , 63 , 64 , 64n37 , 65 , 66 , 69n4 , 70 , 71 , 72n13 , 77 , 78 , 79n37 , 80 , 82 , 138 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 150 , 151 , 153 , 155 , 158 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165n24 , 174 , 179 , 193 , 218 , 219 , 240 , 262 , 263 , 264 , 273 , 275 , 279 , 282 , 283 , 284 , 286 , 287 , 288 , 289 , 293 , 304

De amicitia (On friendship) , 44 , 50 , 52 De fi nibus (On the ends of good and evil) ,

153 , 214 , 273n17 De legibus (On the laws) , 55 De offi ciis (On duty) , 64 , 74 , 77 , 143 , 161 ,

188 , 274n21 De oratore (On the orator ), 140 , 150 ,

151 , 158 De re publica (On the republic ), 55 , 69 ,

70 , 71 , 77 Dream of Scipio , 258 letters, 43 , 46 , 145 letters from exile, 46 letters to Atticus, 43 , 46 on the statesman, 70 Orator , 64 , 142 , 150 , 151 philosophical dialogues, 51 Pro Caelio , 101 Pro Sestio , 244n26 theory of justice, 72 Tusculan Disputations , 183 , 214 , 219

Ciceronian Classicism, 139 Ciceronian dialogue, 64 Ciceronian style, 263 , 286 Cistercians, 280 Citti, F., 164n17 , 247n39 , 281n38 , 285n64 ,

286n65 , 306n12 , 308n17 , 308n18 , 311n21 , 315n25

civil theology, 269 Clark, J. R., 124n5 , 137n8 , 240n11 ,

281n33

Claudius (emperor), 6 , 18 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 30 , 68 , 73 , 93 , 93n2 , 94 , 95 , 95n10 , 96 , 96n16 , 96n17 , 97 , 97n19 , 97n22 , 98 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 102n37 , 103 , 104 , 104n39 , 104n40 , 105 , 109 , 111 , 122 , 123 , 128 , 129 , 129n19 , 148 , 187 , 197 , 305 , 312 , 316

Cleanthes, 225 , 234 , 234n54 Cocteau, J., 309 Codex Ambrosianus, 56 , 57 , 58 , 59n21 Codex Etruscus, 281 Codo ñ er Merino, C., 58n18 , 61n25 , 61n26 ,

63n31 , 63n32 , 67 Codo ñ er, C., 83n9 Coffey, M., 105 Coleman, K., 139n23 Colish, M., 141n30 , 278n7 comets, 84 , 85 , 305 community of the wise, 51 Connors, C., 98n23 , 98n25 conscience, 235 Constantine, Emperor, 271 Constitutions of Melfi , 294 Conte, G., 94n7 , 105 contentio , 143 controuersiae , 137 conversation, 47 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 135 , 135n3 ,

143 , 191 Cooper, J. M., 71n10 , 80n41 , 222 , 229n30 ,

233n51 C ó rdoba, 25 Corneille, 12 , 301 , 303 , 307 , 309 , 310 Cornelius Nepos, 165 Cornelius Orfi tus, 128 Cornutus, Annaeus, 1 , 258 Corydon, 124 cosmos, in Stoic thought, 115 , 120 , 163 ,

167 , 214 , 220 , 221 , 242 , 250 Cremutius Cordus, 163 Crook, J., 22n13 Cugusi, P., 42n5 cupido temporis

in Seneca, 129 , 130 Currie

A. M., 137n8 Cynics, 44 , 50n41 , 140 , 194n18 , 213 ,

214

Darwin, 176 David, J.-L., 17 , 315 Davis, T. C., 173 de Botton, Alain, 307

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de Caigny, F., 307n14 , 310n19 , 317 De Lacy, P., 167n40 De remediis

spurious work of Seneca, 27 , 282 , 290 , 297

De Robertis, T., 277n2 , 283n44 , 283n48 , 283n49 , 284n52 , 288 , 302 , 316

De Vivo, A., 90n23 , 247n40 , 265 death, of Seneca, 4 , 15–17 , 16n5 , 18 , 26 ,

43 , 57 , 198n25 , 311n22 , 311n23 , 313 , 315 , 317

death, Seneca’s treatment of, 4 , 36 , 43 , 116 , 130 , 171 , 181 , 195 , 211 , 215 . See also Seneca, death scene

declamation, 40 , 137 decorum , 74 , 144 , 162 Degl’Innocenti Pierini, R., 90n25 , 93n2 dei Lovati, L., 281 Delhaye, P., 278n13 Delrius, M., 281 Demetrius, 43 , 50n41 , 166

On style , 66 , 167 Descartes, 305 dialogi , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57n12 , 58 , 62 , 62n30 ,

66 , 147 , See dialogues dialogic, 5 , 135 dialogues

Ciceronian nature of, 64 dialogic quality of, 54 , 59–62 form of, 65 , 66 , 218 terminology of, 55–58

diatribe, 63 , 139–40 , 139n23 , 200 Diderot, 8 , 289 , 303 , 305 , 315 Dido, 39 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 121 Dio Cassius, 10 , 15 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ,

93 , 93n1 , 94 , 97n20 , 122n1 , 123 , 164 , 166 , 255 , 256 , 258 , 311

Diocletian, 271 Diogenes Laertius, 48 , 77 , 141n31 , 176 ,

200n4 , 273n17 Diogenes of Babylon, 141n31 Diomedes

grammarian, 57 , 57n11 Dionigi, I., 302 Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 151 Dionysus, 167n44 Dodds, E. R., 199n3 Dodson-Robinson, E., 317 Domenico da Peccioli, 283 Dominik, W., 138n13 , 138n18 , 139n21 Domitian, 104 , 197 Donini, P., 236n70 Dressler, A., 160

Dupont, F., 166n33 , 166n36 , 171 , 171n67 Dyson, S. L., 16n5 , 17

Easterling, P., 161n1 Ecerinis

drama by Mussato, 281 Echo, 126 Edelstein/Kidd, 229n29 Eden, P. T., 94n3 , 94n6 , 96n16 , 96n18 ,

97n19 , 98n24 , 105 , 131n22 , 134 , 148n58

Edwards, C., 37n28 , 41 , 43n10 , 43n11 , 46n28 , 51n47 , 53 , 66n43 , 119n3 , 145 , 145n43 , 145n44 , 161n2 , 163n16 , 164n21 , 165n26 , 165n27 , 165n31 , 187n2 , 189n6 , 191 , 198

Eliot, T. S., 28n28 , 29 , 39 , 308 emotional appeal

in Senecan philosophy, 217 enargeia , 157 Engberg-Pedersen, T., 184 Ennius, 30 , 99 , 171 , 264 Epictetus, 1 , 140 , 140n26 , 145 , 187 , 190n7 ,

192 , 197 , 200n5 , 237 , 257 , 258 Epicureanism, 74 , 168 , 172 , 221 , 227 , 228 ,

234 , 236n67 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 242 , 243 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 250 , 250n49 , 251 , 306 , 315

Epicureans, 74n23 , 77 , 215 , 241 , 242 , 245 , 248 , 251

Epicurus, 9 , 42 , 42n6 , 48 , 49 , 79 , 218 , 227 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 241n13 , 242 , 243 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 , 251 , 272

epigrams, Senecan, 27 , 57 , 245 , 303 , 305 , 308

Erasmo, M., 166n34 Erasmus, 8 , 75n26 , 283 , 284 , 296 , 296n32 ,

300 , 300n61 Estienne, H., 285 Euripides, 31 , 34 , 132 , 210n27 , 210n28 ,

308 , 309 , 310 exempla , 38 , 50 , 125 , 126 , 156 , 163 , 223 ,

234 , 272 , 300 exemplarity, 49 , 110 , 127 , 162 , 163 , 221 ,

304n4

fabula , 147 , 168 , 168n52 Fairweather, J., 137n9 Fantham, E., 35n22 , 39n36 , 121 , 122n1 ,

162n9 , 164n22 , 168n50 Fasce, S., 145n46 fear of death, 87 , 89 , 227 Feeney, D., 128n17 , 132n26 , 165n30

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Feldherr, A., 168n52 Ferguson, J., 28 Ferrara, S., 82n Fillion-Lahille, J., 229n30 , 229n31 , 231n34 fi rst-person voice

in the dialogues, 58 , 60 Fitch, J., 27 , 27n23 , 30 , 30n4 , 164n17 ,

167n41 , 167n42 , 172n71 , 245n30 fl orilegia

of Senecan works, 11 , 245n30 , 278 , 284 , 287

Fohlen, J., 277n3 , 279n15 , 279n17 , 282n40 , 282n41 , 283n47 , 283n49 , 288n75

fortuna , 36 , 61 , 77 , 292 , 297 , 298 , 298n45 , 299 , 301

Fothergill-Payne, L., 283n46 , 284n52 Foucault, M., 11 , 187n2 , 188 , 189 , 191 ,

191n11 , 198 , 215 , 222 , 307 , 307n13 foundation myths, 126 four personae theory, 161 , 163 , 188 Fournier, M., 163n15 Fowler, D., 172n73 Francesco da Carrara, 297 Frank, A., 199n1 Frede, M., 237 Frederick II, 294 Freise, H., 240n4 , 242n22 Freudenburg, K., 93 , 96n14 , 96n15 , 98n25 ,

104n41 , 105 Friedl ä nder, L., 278n10 Friedrich von Creutz, 17 , 314 Friedrich, H., 17 , 286n70 , 287n72 ,

310n20 Fronto, 55n2 , 138 , 138n17 , 264 , 265 Fuhrer, T., 276 furor , 38 , 159 , 243 , 262 F ü rst, A., 276 further voices

in Seneca’s prose works, 60 , 61 , 62

Gagliardi, D., 124n5 , 133 Gaius Silius, 101 Gale, M., 171n69 , 171n70 Galen, 229 , 229n29 Galileo, 305 Gasti, F., 276 Gauly, B. M., 61n26 , 65n38 , 86n17 , 90n27 ,

91 , 305n7 , 317 Gerald of Wales, 292 , 292n15 Germanicus, 21 , 128 Gesta Romanorum , 278 Gide, A., 309 Gildenhard, I., 133n27

Gill, C., 162n4 , 188n3 , 190n10 , 197n23 , 198

Giordano, L., 17 , 311 gladiators, 61 , 153 , 164 , 165n26 , 193 Goethe, 306 Goffman, E., 161n1 Goldberg, S., 34 , 34n19 , 167n41 Golden Age, 32 , 36 , 129 , 132 , 133 Goldschmidt, V., 162n7 Gottschalk, H. B., 140n27 Gowers, E., 124n7 , 127n12 Gowing, A., 120 Graci á n, Baltasar, 304 Graf, F., 96n18 Grass, G ü nter, 307 Gratwick, A. S., 99n28 Graver, M., 44n24 , 44n25 , 51n44 , 121 ,

141n33 , 184 , 200n4 , 206 , 206n15 , 211 , 231n34 , 238 , 244n28

Greenblatt, S., 161 , 161n2 , 161n3 , 172n76 Greene, G., 208 Griffi n, M., 15n3 , 18n9 , 21n12 , 25 , 25n16 ,

26n19 , 28 , 42n5 , 42n6 , 43n11 , 58n16 , 58n17 , 58n18 , 58n19 , 59n23 , 63n32 , 63n33 , 68 , 68n1 , 68n2 , 70 , 70n6 , 70n7 , 71n11 , 75n24 , 75n26 , 76n30 , 77n33 , 78n34 , 78n35 , 80n41 , 81 , 120 , 139n24 , 140n27 , 173 , 187n1 , 195 , 197 , 198 , 223 , 241n12 , 241n20 , 251 , 258n4 , 302

Griffi th, M., 30 , 30n3 Grillparzer, 310 Grimal, P., 63n32 , 198 , 228n24 Gross, N., 84 , 84n11 Grotius, H., 292 , 292n13 , 292n14 Grund, G. R., 281n32 , 281n33 , 281n35 ,

281n36 Gummere, R. M., 317 Gunderson, E., 165n25 , 165n26 Gwinne, M., 17 , 312

Habinek, T., 127n14 Hachmann, E., 42n7 Hadot, I., 215 , 222 Hadot, P., 46n26 , 136n5 , 136n6 , 189 ,

189n4 , 191 , 198 , 215 , 222 , 233n51 , 237 , 241n19

Hahm, D. E., 71n8 Hardie, P., 116 , 168n48 , 170n60 , 170n61 ,

172n72 , 172n73 , 172n74 Harris, W., 191 Harrison, S., 28n27 , 40 Ha ß , K., 100n30 , 100n31 Hay, C. H., 286n69

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Hecato, 220 Hector, 35 , 116 , 117 , 172 Hecuba. See Seneca, Trojan Women Hegel, 306 hegemonikon , 9 , 155 , 156 , 190 , 190n8 , 228 Heidegger, 306 Helvidius Priscus, 1 , 197 hemlock, 16 Henderson, J., 42n4 , 42n7 , 42n9 , 43n12 ,

43n13 , 43n15 , 46n28 , 48n36 , 53 , 138n17 Henke, R., 276 Heraclitus, 222 Herington, C. J., 29 , 29n2 , 30n5 , 39 Hess, G., 311n23 , 317 Hijmans, B. L., 149n61 Hill, T., 16n6 , 17 , 43n11 , 202n11 ,

210n26 , 211 Hinds, S., 26 , 35n22 , 112 , 124n5 , 164n18 ,

277n1 Hine, H., 40 , 83 , 83n10 , 83n5 , 83n6 ,

83n7 , 83n9 , 84n11 , 86n17 , 90n23 , 91 , 148n60 , 149 , 317

Hippolytus. See Seneca, Phaedra Hirai, H., 317 Homer, 33n13 , 74 , 100 , 129 , 159 , 171 ,

172 , 202 Horace, 34 , 40 , 43 , 112 , 113 , 121 , 169 ,

170 , 172 Ars Poetica , 34 , 171n68

Horstkotte, H., 97n21 Hostius Quadra, 87 , 89 Hoyos, D., 94 , 94n8 , 94n9 Hughes, Ted, 308 Hunter, R., 167n45

Iannucci, A, 308n18 imago, 8 , 15 , 17 , 18 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 151 ,

163 , 197 imago vitae suae , 15 , 17 , 18 , 163 , 197 imitatio , 39 impetus , 177 Innocenti, P., 90n25 , 93n2 , 240n6 , 251 interiority, Senecan, 144 , 145 , 145n46 , 147 ,

149 , 162n9 , 309 interlocutors, 31 , 155 , 158 , 163 , 191 , 200.

See also dialogues; dialogic. in Seneca’s prose works, 51 , 55 , 58 , 59 ,

60 , 61 , 61n26 , 62 , 64 , 65 , 161 , 187 Inwood, B., 42n4 , 42n8 , 43n10 , 53 , 65 ,

66n41 , 67 , 76n29 , 76n30 , 86n17 , 144 , 144n40 , 144n41 , 144n42 , 149 , 160 , 162n9 , 184 , 189 , 190n10 , 192n13 , 198 , 208 , 208n20 , 214 ,

214n2 , 222 , 236n70 , 237 , 238 , 240n7 , 241n17 , 246n37 , 251

Iphigenia, 35 , 169 , 171 , 172 ira, iusta , 11 Isocrates, 73

Jal, P., 120 James, P., 17 , 95n11 , 105 , 147 , 300 ,

300n64 Jerome, St., 17 , 266 , 267 , 267n5 , 271 , 272 ,

273 , 279 , 282 , 284 Jocelyn, H. D., 140n27 John of Salisbury, 11 , 293 , 293n18 , 294n24 Jonson, Ben, 28 , 304 Julia Livilla, 23 Julius Caesar, 70 , 74n23 , 75 , 128 , 180 Julius Victor, 47 Juvenal, 21 , 23n14 , 29 , 98n25 , 104 ,

255 , 262 Juvenalia, 20 , 164

Kamtekar, R., 206 , 206n14 , 211 Kant, I., 205 Kantorowicz, E., 295n29 Kaster, R., 200 , 200n6 , 200n7 , 200n8 , 207 ,

207n16 , 211 , 217n5 Kennedy, D. F., 32n12 Kennedy, G. A., 137n10 , 137n8 Kepler, 305 Ker, J., 15n1 , 15n2 , 16n4 , 16n5 , 17 , 19 ,

26 , 27n24 , 27n25 , 28 , 36n24 , 36n27 , 39n35 , 43n10 , 43n11 , 43n12 , 51n43 , 53 , 54 , 59n23 , 63n33 , 66 , 66n42 , 67 , 109 , 121 , 124n5 , 125n8 , 126n11 , 130n20 , 130n21 , 132n25 , 133 , 134 , 147 , 147n57 , 163n16 , 166n38 , 168 , 169n55 , 188n3 , 189 , 191 , 191n11 , 194n19 , 198n25 , 222 , 241n13 , 279n16 , 286n65 , 286n66 , 288 , 311n23 , 316n26 , 317

Kierkegaard, 306 knowledge

as the good, 212–13 , 216 Knuuttila, J. S., 184 Koeler, G. D., 83n8 Kohn, T. D., 40 Konstan, D., 44n23 , 76n28 Korzeniewski, D., 95n12 Kraft, K., 97n21 Kragelund, P., 28n27 Kraye, J., 285n59 , 285n62 , 286n67 ,

287n72 , 302 Krenkel, W., 96n17 , 99n28

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Kristeva, J., 64 , 95n12 Kuttner, A., 167n46 , 168n48 Kyd, 29 , 301 , 307

La Mettrie, 306 La Rochefoucauld, 305 Laarmann, M., 288 , 317 Lactantius, 11 , 176 , 267 , 267n5 , 268 , 269 ,

270 , 270n10 , 271 , 273 , 274 , 275 , 275n23

Laelius, 44 , 50 , 191 , 215 , 225 Lana, I., 42n4 , 42n7 , 65 , 65n39 , 66n41 , 67 ,

246n34 , 246n36 Lana, M., 65n39 Lanzarone, N., 62n27 , 63n33 , 146n52 ,

146n55 Lapidge, M., 278n14 , 280n23 , 280n24 ,

280n25 , 280n26 , 280n27 Latini, Brunetto, 290 Latinus, 167 Laureys, M., 138n13 , 138n14 , 139n20 ,

139n22 Lausberg, M., 82n2 , 82n3 , 82n4 , 91 Leach, E. W., 44n20 , 44n21 , 97n22 , 105 Leeman, CE., 137n8 , 141n32 Lef è vre, E., 59n23 , 208n21 , 317 Leibnitz, 305 Leigh, M., 163n14 , 165n26 ,

167n40 Lentulus, L. Cornelius, 6 Leo, F., 34 , 34n20 Lessing, 8 Lethem, J., 39 , 39n35 letters

vs. dialogues, 66 lex naturalis , 292 , 293 , 295 libertas , 98 , 105 , 196 , 296 Lipsius, J., 8 , 11 , 285 , 286 , 287 , 288 , 291 ,

291n12 , 300 , 301 , 302 , 303 , 311 , 312 , 317

Littlewood, C. A. J., 32n12 , 37n28 , 40 , 122n2 , 194n17 , 208n18

Livia, 62 , 97n20 , 111 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 120 , 163

Livy, 43 , 57 , 58n15 , 293 Lo Moro, F., 251 Logan, G. M., 161n3 logical arguments

Seneca’s attitude to, 214 Long, A. A., 46 , 46n27 , 62n28 , 139n25 ,

140n26 , 187n2 , 188n3 , 189 , 198 , 201n9 , 222 , 247n41 , 248n43 , 285n62 , 305n8

Lotito, G., 145n46 , 146n49 , 160 Lowrie, M., 170n59 Lucan, 24 , 124 , 165n26 , 166n34 , 255 , 258 ,

260 , 262 , 265 Lucas, F. L., 307n15 , 317 lucifugae , 130 Lucilius, 3 , 4 , 6 , 18 , 27 , 31 , 41 , 42 , 42n3 , 45 ,

46 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 60 , 60n24 , 77 , 83 , 87 , 88 , 91 , 98 , 98n25 , 99 , 99n28 , 100 , 100n29 , 100n31 , 103 , 103n38 , 104 , 119 , 120 , 123 , 131 , 132 , 135 , 136 , 141 , 142 , 151 , 179 , 181 , 182 , 187 , 191 , 200 , 212 , 216 , 218 , 222 , 232n39 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 244 , 260 , 269 , 304

Lucilius (satirist), 98 , 99 , 100n30 , 103 , 103n38 , 104

Lucretius, 10 , 82 , 84 , 85 , 87 , 90 , 144 , 171 , 172 , 217 , 221 , 227 , 239 , 240 , 242 , 246 , 246n34 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250

Lund, A., 94n4 , 105 Lupus, 98 , 98n25 , 99 , 100n29 , 101 , 103 ,

104n39 luxuria , 86 , 87 , 89n18 Lydus, J., 83 Lyne, R. O. A. M., 62n29

Macbeth, 301 , 302 , 307 Machiavelli, N., 11 , 289 , 298 , 298n50 ,

298n51 , 298n52 , 299 , 299n53 , 299n54 , 299n56 , 299n57 , 299n59 , 299n60 , 300 , 301

Machielsen, J., 281n31 Madvig, N., 207n17 Maecenas, 120 , 121 , 140 , 141 , 151 , 170 ,

245 , 261 Magnien, M., 287n73 Maguiness, W. S., 113 , 121 Malaspina, E., 81 Malcovati, E., 99n27 Malebranche, 305 Manilius, 82 Mannelli, L., 278 Manuwald, G., 173 , 317 Marc Antony, 166 , 167 , 167n40 , 167n46 Marcellus, 114 , 115 , 117 Marchesi, C., 240n5 Marcus Aurelius, 1 , 145 , 192 , 197 , 200n5 ,

257 , 258 Marino da Caramanico, 294 Marino, R., 239n2 , 294 Maritain, Jacques, 11 , 307 Marlowe, 28 , 172n76 , 301 , 307 Martellotti, G., 302

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Marti, B., 36n24 , 208 , 208n19 Martin of Braga, 266 , 268 , 271 , 272 ,

274 , 275 Martina, A. P., 276 Marx, F., 100n30 , 100n31 Mastronarde, D., 32n11 Maurach, G., 42n4 maxims. See epigrams Mayer, R., 26n21 , 31n7 , 109 , 120 , 137n9 ,

223 , 281n31 , 281n39 , 302 Mazzoli, G., 42n4 , 56n10 , 58n17 , 58n18 ,

61n26 , 62 , 62n27 , 62n29 , 63n31 , 67 , 85n14 , 90n20 , 90n23 , 121 , 145n48 , 148n59 , 149 , 187n1 , 241n18 , 243n23 , 248n45 , 249n48 , 276 , 302

McElduff, S., 164n17 medical model

for philosophy, 219 meditatio , 189 , 190 , 215 , 303 , 306 , 311 ,

See also spiritual exercises Meerseman, G. G., 302 Megas, A. C., 281n34 Mela, M. Annaeus, 24 Menippean satire, 94 , 96 , 96n17 , 98 , 105 ,

148 , 148n58 , 260 Merchant, F. I., 136n8 , 142n35 Messalina, 23 , 24 , 26 , 101 , 102 metaphor

audacious, 151 , 153 Seneca’s use of, 72 , 125 , 128 , 145 , 146 ,

147 , 150–60 , 162n9 , 167 , 189n6 , 191 , 192n12 , 194n19 , 195 , 195n20 , 196 , 217–18 , 285 , 293

theatrical, 162 , 164 , 193–97 vividity of, 155

metaphors of the self, 192–93 metatheater, 33n14 , 34 , 37 Metonymy, 159 Meyer, M., 65n38 Mezzadroli, G., 290n5 Miller, C. H., 161n3 Milton, John, 305 mind-body parallel, 219 Minucius, 269 , 274 Miola, R., 302 mirror, 68 , 69 , 69n4 , 74 , 125 , 125n8 , 126 ,

127 , 245 , 280 , 292 , 297 , 301 mirror, of the prince, 69 Momigliano, A., 266 , 266n3 monologue, 35 , 58 , 310 Montaigne, M. de, 286 , 287 , 287n73 , 303 Montanus, 35 , 35n22 , 131 Monteverdi, 19 , 312

Monti, C. M., 280n30 Montiglio, S., 54 moral guide. See exempla moral persuasion

via imagery, 157 moral sense, inborn, 235 , 236 morality, Roman, 221 Moreau, P.-F., 285n64 Moreschini, C., 276 Morford, M., 35n21 , 133 , 285n64 , 288 Morgan, L., 90n25 , 169n57 Mortureux, B., 81 Motto, A. L., 124n5 , 137n8 , 240n11 Mouchel, C., 286n67 , 286n68 Mowbray, C., 37n30 , 163n14 , 167n43 ,

171n66 M ü ller, H. J., 278n10 M ü ller, Heiner, 17 , 316 Munk Olsen, B., 278n12 , 278n13 Muret, M.-A., 285 Murray, O., 20n10 , 71n8 Musonius Rufus, 1 , 258

as Roman Socrates, 10 Mussato, A., 281 , 282 , 302 Mutschmann, H., 241n16

Nanni, F., 92 , 305n5 , 305n7 , 317 Narcissus, 97 , 102 , 125 , 126 natura , 36 , 38 , 61 , 85 , 171 , 205 , 249 , 280 natural science

in Seneca’s prose works, 220 , 223 Nemesius, 206 Neri, C., 306n12 , 308n17 , 311n21 ,

315n25 , 317 Nero, 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 10 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ,

20 , 21 , 22 , 22n13 , 26 , 26n19 , 30 , 43 , 59 , 62 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 72 , 74 , 74n22 , 77 , 80n42 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 93 , 93n2 , 105 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 122 , 122n1 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 126n11 , 127 , 127n13 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 139 , 162 , 164 , 165 , 165n29 , 166 , 167 , 168n49 , 173 , 174 , 181 , 187 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 219 , 255 , 256 , 258 , 259 , 260 , 265 , 267 , 279 , 292 , 295 , 297 , 311 , 312 , 316

as a star, 128 as Narcissus, 126 as performer, 122 , 164 , 166 as performer, 164 displays of clemency, 22 dramatic allusions to, 30 laudatio funebris of Claudius, 93 , 93n2 murder of Britannicus, 22

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Stoic opposition to, 195 Neronian aesthetic, 124 Newman, R. J., 189n4 , 198 , 222 Nietzsche, F., 306 Nile river, 18 , 84 , 84n13 , 85 , 89 , 147 , 260 Nisard, D., 209n22 Nisbet, R. G. M., 27n23 , 167n42 Nisus and Euryalus, 119 Niutta, F., 302 , 316 Nolhac, P. de, 282n42 , 283n43 Norden, E., 136n8 Nothdurft, K.-D., 278n14 , 280n23 Novatus, 59 , See also Gallio Novatus, L. Annaeus, 219 Novatus, M. Annaeus, 24 Nussbaum, M., 37 , 37n29 , 49n40 , 51n46 ,

136 , 136n7 , 184 , 187n2 , 191 , 198 , 199n1 , 210n25 , 222

O’Gorman, E., 105 , 131n23 observer fi gure, 234n59 Octavia , 10 , 19 , 20 , 29 , 102 , 111 , 114 , 115 ,

116 , 117 , 120 , 163 , 166 , 173 , 195 , 255 , 258 , 260 , 265 , 280 , 281 , 311 , 312 , 317

oikeiosis, 45 , 190n10 , 235 Oltramare, A., 139n23 Opitz, Martin, 304 orator, in Stoic thought, 141 , 143 Osgood, J., 95n11 , 97 , 97n22 , 102n35 ,

104n40 , 105 otium , 77 , 78 , 79 , 79n38 , 80 , 129 , 241 , 250 Ovid, 30 , 33n13 , 40 , 43 , 61 , 62n27 , 112 ,

113 , 121 , 124 , 126 , 133 , 248 , 262 , 264 ex Ponto , 35n22 Fasti , 115 , 119 Heroides , 111 Medea , 31 Medicamina , 132 Metamorphoses , 35 , 40 , 62 , 90 , 111 , 112 ,

114 , 132 , 133 , 133n27 , 168 , 170n62 , 172n74

Tristia , 35n22

Paduano, G., 308n18 , 317 Palladio, A., 282 Panaetius, 74 , 143 , 162 , 163 , 213 , 220 Panizza, L. A., 27 , 276 , 282n40 , 282n41 ,

283n49 , 283n50 , 283n51 , 290n6 , 302 pantomime, 33 Papirius Fabianus, 25 , 141 , 142 , 258 Papy, J., 286n66 , 302 paradox, in Seneca, 146 paratexts, 279

Paratore, E., 281n38 , 288 , 307n14 , 310n19 , 317

Parker, H. N., 166n32 Parmenides, 222 Parrish, J. M., 161n2 Parroni, P., 83n9 , 84n12 , 91 partition of the mind, Senecan, 229 Pascal, 305 Pastor, 197 path ê , 178 , 183 , 228 pathos , 178 , 205 , 230 Paul of Tarsus, 10 , 24 , 26 , 266 , 267 , 276 ,

279 , 282 , 284 , 307 , 314 Paulina, 15 , 16 , 23 , 313 , 315 , 316 Paulinus, 59 , 77 Pellacani, D., 92 , 305n5 , 305n7 , 317 performance of the tragedies

in Renaissance, 281 performativity, of Senecan drama, 4 Persius, 124 , 130 , 260 , 263 persona , 60 , 69 , 136 , 145 , 161 , 162 , 163 ,

195 , 240 , 293 , 295 , 297 , 301 Peter, St., 267 Peterson, W., 138n12 , 138n15 , 138n18 Petrarch, 27 , 69n4 , 282 , 290 , 295 , 296 ,

297 , 303 Petronius, 130 , 164n23 , 260 , 261

Satyricon , 124 , 127 Phaethon, 132 , 133n27 , 168 Phidias, 193 Phillips, M. M., 284n53 Philodemus, 74 , 234n54 philosophers, false, 274 physics, in Stoicism, 213 , 214 , 220 , 222 ,

227 , 240 , 246 , 250 physics, Senecan, 227 Pierini, R., 239n2 Piso, Gaius Calpurnius, 18 Piso, in On anger , 178 Pisonian conspiracy, 18 , 24 , 316 pity, in Stoic thought, 179 pity, vs. clemency, 180 Pizan, C. de, 291 , 291n9 Plato, 9 , 16 , 55 , 59 , 63 , 65 , 66 , 88 , 162n11 ,

207 , 212 , 214 , 219 , 221 , 225 , 226 , 227 , 229 , 230 , 243 , 272 , 289 , 291

Apology , 214 , 216 Euthydemus , 212 Gorgias , 77 Laws , 55 on tripartite soul, 190 , 229 Phaedo , 16 , 214 Republic , 55 , 72n15

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Pliny the Elder, 82 , 255 , 256 Pliny the Younger, 59n23 , 258 , 259 , 262 Plutarch, 64n37 , 100n32 , 167 , 201n9 , 272 ,

286 , 289 , 293 , 296 pneuma , 192 , 247 Pohlenz, M., 236n70 political involvement, Seneca on, 79 Pompey, C., 166 , 166n34 Poppaea, 19 Porphyrius, 272 Porphyry, 258 Posidonius, 84 , 144 , 176 , 213 , 229 , 229n29 ,

229n31 , 230 , 237 , 240 Postlewait, T., 173 Powell, J. G. F., 63n32 praecepta , 163 , 177 , 241 , 244 praemeditatio malorum , 189 Praexaspes, 196 Pratt, N., 39n34 , 208n21 precepts, from Epicurus, 228 Priam, 117 , 168 princeps , 70 , 71 , 73 , 98 , 103 , 110 , 111 , 114 ,

119 , 120 , 126 , 155 , 162 , 165 , 166 , 170 , 257n3 , 293 , 295

terminology of, 70 Procne, 111 Procop é , J. F., 71n10 , 80n41 profi ciens , 37 , 45 , 47 , 188 , 241 progrediens , 208 , See profi ciens prohairesis , 201 , 237 propatheia , 175 , 183 ,

See also proto-emotions prosopopoeia , 63 , 163 , 208 Puchner, M., 29n1 pudor , 199 , 200 , 202 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 211 ,

See shame Purcell, N., 166n34 Pusch, A. M., 61n26 , 63n31 , 63n32 ,

63n33 , 66 Putnam, M. C. J., 112 , 121 , 170n61 ,

172n75 Pyrrhus, 168 , 169 Pythagoreanism, 25

Questa, C., 281n37 Quinn, K., 303n1 quinquennium Neronis , 20 Quint, D., 169n56 Quintilian, 2 , 26 , 34 , 55n1 , 55n2 , 55n5 ,

55n6 , 57 , 57n12 , 57n13 , 63 , 69 , 124 , 137 , 138 , 139n20 , 146 , 147 , 150 , 151 , 155 , 157 , 163n14 , 164 , 174 , 244n26 ,

245 , 256 , 258 , 263 , 264 , 265 , 267 , 267n5 , 268

on Seneca’s style, 57

Racine, 12 , 303 , 307 , 309 ratio , 38 , 248–50 , 274 , 295 reciprocity

in On benefi ts , 220 Reed, J. D., 167n46 Reeve, M. D., 95n13 Regenbogen, O., 29 , 29n2 Relihan, J., 96n17 , 105 responsum , 58 , 58n16 Resta, G., 277n2 , 283n44 , 288 , 302 , 316 rex, terminology of, 70 Reydams-Schils, G., 184 , 188n3 ,

190n8 , 198 Reynolds, L. D., 56n7 , 56n8 , 56n9 , 277n2 ,

278n4 , 278n5 , 278n8 , 279n19 , 283n45 , 302

Rezitationsdrama, 28 , 33 rhetoric, 19 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 69 , 71 ,

79 , 104n42 , 127 , 136 , 137 , 139 , 140 , 143 , 150 , 151 , 157 , 160 , 163 , 217 , 218 , 233 , 244n26 , 256 , 263 , 264 , 278 , 282 , 292 , 308

Richardson-Hay, C., 137n8 , 146n50 , 146n51 , 146n53

Rimell, V., 42n9 , 43n16 , 69n5 , 122 , 168 Rist, J., 240n8 Robinson, P. J., 131n22 , 133 role-playing, 194 roles. See persona ; four personae theory Roller, M., 81 , 90n27 , 120 , 162n12 , 187n ,

189n5 , 191 , 193 , 198 , 201 , 201n10 , 223 , 240n10

Roman de la Rose , 17 Romanus, St., 268 Romulus, 98 , 98n25 , 99 , 100 , 103 Roncali, R., 94n3 , 94n6 , 105 Rosati, G., 241n17 Rosenmeyer, T., 36 , 36n25 Roskam, G., 241n16 Ross, G. M., 276 , 278n13 , 279n21 , 279n22 ,

280n26 , 285n62 , 317 Rousseau, J.-J., 306 Rubens, 17 , 286 , 311 Rudich, V., 26 , 133 Russell, D. C., 189n5 Russo, C. F., 93n2 , 94 , 94n7 , 289n1 Rutherford, D., 305n8 Rutherford, R. B., 162n11

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sage, Stoic, 7 , 17 , 37 , 48 , 61 , 146 , 154 , 158 , 174 , 179 , 180 , 182 , 183 , 188 , 190 , 191 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 199 , 200 , 205 , 206 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 213 , 233 , 234 , 304 , See also exempla; sapiens

Sallust, 87 Salmon, J. H. M., 302 sand without lime, Caligula on Seneca,

138 , 263 Santoro l’Hoir, F., 166n37 Santucci, C., 302 , 316 sapiens , 45 , 78n35 , 130 , 131 , 145 , 146 , 199 ,

204 , 249 , See also sage eloquence of, 140

Schafer, J., 42 , 42n8 , 48n35 , 187n1 Schiesaro, A., 36 , 36n26 , 37n30 , 38n32 , 40 ,

117 , 121 , 122n3 , 133 , 167 , 167n43 , 167n44 , 167n47 , 172n75 , 190n8 , 208n19 , 239 , 243n25 , 249n48

Schlegel, A. W., 308 Schmidt, E. G., 58n19 Schofi eld, M., 41n1 , 51n44 , 55n4 , 64n37 ,

68 , 71n8 , 75n25 , 77n32 , 80n40 , 162n10 , 181n3

scholasticism, 279 Schopenhauer, 306 Schoppe, Caspar, 304 Schottlaender, R., 228n24 , 241n14 Schubert, W., 288 , 317 Scipio Aemilianus, 44 , 69 , 70 , 99 Scipio Africanus, 42 Seal, C., 74n22 , 212 Sedgwick, E., 199n1 Sedley, D., 201n9 , 247n41 , 248n43 Segal, C. P., 31n8 , 172n74 self

consistency of, 195 normative, 46 , 188n3 , 191 occurrent, 46 , 188n3 , 191 , 204 , 205 , 207 ,

210 , 211 profi cient, 188n3 , 190 , 192 , See also self,

occurrent self-display, 165 self-fashioning, 2 , 45 , 161–64 , 192 , 209 , 292 self-knowledge, 189 self-scrutiny, 37n28 , 46 , 142 , 222 Seneca

Apocolocyntosis , 22 , 27 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 95n12 , 96 , 96n18 , 97 , 98 , 98n25 , 100 , 102 , 104 , 104n39 , 105 , 109 , 123 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 131n23 , 133 , 134 , 148 , 218 , 259 , 260 , 261 , 278 , 306 , 316

as Latin Socrates, 296 as proto-Christian, 266 , 282 , 283 , 316 Consolation to Helvia , 21 , 23 , 25 , 154 ,

181 , 194 , 227n19 Consolation to Marcia , 25 , 58 , 62 , 110 ,

111 , 114 , 115 , 118 , 120 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 175 , 182 , 298n46

Consolation to Polybius , 23 , 109 , 110 , 115

criticism of Maecenas, 140–41 De forma mundi , 82 De lapidum natura , 82 De matrimonio , 272 De moribus , 282 De offi ciis , 274 De piscium natura , 82 De quattuor virtutibus , 274 , 282 , 290 death of, 15–18 death scene, 197 , 256 , 286 , 311 declamatory style, 35 , 308 Epistles , 18 , 19 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 31 , 34 , 35n22 ,

36 , 37 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42n3 , 43 , 44 , 49n39 , 50n41 , 52 , 54 , 55 , 57 , 60n24 , 65 , 65n39 , 66 , 66n43 , 67 , 92 , 110 , 113 , 114 , 123 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 133 , 135 , 136 , 142 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 159 , 162n7 , 163n14 , 165n24 , 170n60 , 179 , 182 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 195n20 , 196 , 197 , 197n22 , 200 , 205 , 207 , 209n23 , 212 , 214 , 215 , 216 , 217 , 221 , 222 , 225 , 225n2 , 225n4 , 225n5 , 225n6 , 225n7 , 225n8 , 226 , 226n10 , 226n11 , 226n12 , 226n13 , 226n14 , 226n9 , 227 , 227n22 , 227n23 , 228 , 228n25 , 228n27 , 229n32 , 232n36 , 232n38 , 232n39 , 232n40 , 232n41 , 233 , 233n43 , 233n44 , 233n46 , 233n47 , 233n48 , 233n49 , 233n50 , 234 , 234n53 , 234n54 , 234n55 , 234n56 , 234n57 , 234n58 , 234n59 , 235n60 , 235n61 , 235n62 , 235n63 , 235n64 , 236 , 236n65 , 236n66 , 236n68 , 236n69 , 236n71 , 237n72 , 240 , 241 , 244n26 , 244n27 , 246 , 247 , 251 , 258 , 259 , 260 , 261 , 262 , 263 , 264 , 277 , 298n44 , 298n45 , 304 , 305

Epistle , 114 exile, 15 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 27 , 41 , 181 ,

193 , 196 freedom from time’s constraints, 129 Hercules Furens , 27 , 31 , 33 , 36 , 37 , 38 ,

160 , 172n71 Hercules Oetaeus , 29 , 280

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Letter, 113 , 114 , 120 , 140 , 142 , 150 , 151 , 162 , 189 , 244 , 245 , 261 , 264 , 317

Medea , 31 , 31n8 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 112 , 159 , 163 , 164n17 , 182 , 257 , 262 , 264 , 307 , 308 , 309 , 310 , 311

Natural Questions , 5 , 18 , 21 , 27 , 36 , 42 , 48 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 58 , 58n18 , 60 , 60n24 , 65n39 , 82 , 83 , 83n10 , 84 , 84n13 , 85 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 110 , 114 , 121 , 144 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 157 , 181 , 214 , 220 , 221 , 223 , 227 , 227n15 , 227n16 , 227n17 , 227n18 , 227n19 , 227n20 , 227n21 , 232n37 , 239 , 244 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249n48 , 250 , 251 , 260 , 278 , 280 , 304 , 305 , 306

Oedipus , 30 , 31 , 33 , 33n17 , 34 , 38 , 125 , 125n10 , 159 , 169n54 , 189 , 262 , 308 , 309

on anger in general, 31 On anger (De ira) , 25 , 36 , 51n43 , 56 , 59 ,

61 , 65n39 , 66n41 , 110 , 153 , 155 , 156 , 174 , 175 , 177 , 189 , 196 , 197 , 215 , 217 , 219 , 232n35 , 233n43 , 236n67 , 263 , 268 , 270 , 271 , 271n14 , 278 , 290 , 292 , 296 , 296n33 , 301 , 302

On benefi ts (De benefi ciis) , 31 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 59 , 61 , 70 , 110 , 111 , 113 , 120 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 151 , 153 , 155 , 156 , 194n18 , 198 , 220 , 223 , 226 , 226n14 , 232n38 , 234n58 , 234n59 , 235n64 , 237 , 259 , 269 , 269n6 , 270n8 , 271n15 , 278 , 291 , 291n11 , 292 , 292n14 , 302 , 304

On leisure (De otio) , 56 , 59 , 68 , 78n35 , 79 , 80 , 214 , 219 , 225n3 , 228 , 228n25 , 230n33 , 233n45 , 234n57 , 235n64 , 242 , 256 , 262 , 305 , 306

on mercy in general, 19 , 68 , 75 , 134 , 184 , 196 , 197 , 258 , 259 , 262 , 278 , 278n4 , 290 , 292 , 293 , 294 , 295 , 296 , 299 , 300 , 301 , 302 , 305

On mercy (De clementia) , 20 , 20n11 , 22 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 59 , 62 , 65n39 , 66n41 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 72n15 , 73 , 74n22 , 74n22 , 75 , 76 , 76n30 , 77 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 113 , 120 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 126n11 , 127 , 128 , 132 , 162 , 179–81 , 217 , 219 , 220 , 235n64 , 271 , 292 , 293n16 , 293n19 , 294n20 , 294n21 , 294n22 , 294n23 , 295n28 , 297n34 , 299n58 , 301n67 , 302n68

On providence (De providentia) , 16 , 36 , 42 , 56 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 65n39 , 83 , 120 , 146 , 209n23 , 236n68 , 247 , 285

On superstition , 57 On the constancy of the wise man (De

constantia sapientis) , 37n31 , 56 , 59 , 59n22 , 153 , 154 , 156 , 158 , 194 , 224n1 , 225 , 285

on the growth of the passions, 230 On the happy life (De vita beata ), 21 On the shortness of life (De brevitate

vitae) , 56 , 59 , 110 , 111 , 113 , 124n5 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 153 , 165 , 226n11 , 232n39 , 235n62 , 298n45

on the structure of the mind, 228–30 On tranquility of the soul (De tranquillitate

animi) , 36 , 56 , 59 , 59n22 , 62 , 62n28 , 68 , 78 , 78n35 , 79 , 151 , 153 , 154 , 156 , 157 , 179 , 181 , 195 , 219 , 230n33 , 233n43 , 233n48 , 235n62 , 235n63

Phaedra , 12 , 27n26 , 32 , 33 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 39n36 , 40 , 147 , 202 , 206 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 210n27 , 211 , 268 , 281 , 308 , 309 , 310

Phoenissae , 27 , 32 , 262 style of writing, 57 , 137 , 245 , 263 , 264 ,

265 , 284 , 285 , 286 , 304 Thyestes , 27 , 31 , 33 , 36 , 38 , 38n32 , 40 ,

111 , 112 , 121 , 154 , 161 , 162n7 , 167 , 167n46 , 168 , 172n71 , 182 , 260 , 262 , 281 , 308

Trojan Women , 33 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 117 , 161 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 172 , 172n76 , 262 , 304

use of quotation, 3 , 62 , 110 , 113–14 , 115 , 148 , 239–41

view of friendship, 44–45 wealth of, 21 , 283 withdrawal from politics, 18 , 78 , 228 ,

256 , 313 withdrawal into self, 147

Seneca the Elder, 24 , 26 , 35 , 112 , 278 Controversiae , 24 , 35 , 112 , 278

Senecan tragedy in middle ages, 280–82

sententiae, 9 , 26 , 29 , 35 , 38 , 49 , 160 , 234 , 239n1 , 240 , 241 , 243 , 243n24 , 244 , 245 , 245n30 , 245n33 , 263 , 268 , 273 , 274 . See also maxim, epigram

Seo, J. M., 122n3 , 125n10 Serapio, 141 , 142 Serenus, Annaeus, 59 , 59n21 , 59n22 , 59n23 ,

62 , 78 , 156 , 158 , 219

Seneca (cont.)

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sermo , 47 , 51 , 52 , 135 , 142 , 143 , 143n36 , See also conversation

sermocinatio , 63 , 147 Servius, 100n29 Setaioli, A., 10 , 26n18 , 43n15 , 84 , 84n11 ,

90n23 , 121 , 135n2 , 137n8 , 140n29 , 141n30 , 143 , 144 , 144n39 , 149 , 151n2 , 160 , 239n1 , 241n15 , 241n20 , 245n29 , 251 , 255 , 265 , 267n4 , 267n5

Sextius, 25 , 50 , 51n43 , 222 , 258 Shakespeare, 28 , 29 , 281n38 , 301 , 302 ,

303 , 307 Shelton, J., 120 Shklar, J., 300 , 301n65 Shumate, N., 166n37 Sidonius Apollinaris, 8 , 27 Siegert, F., 276 Sienkiewicz, H., 315 Sierhuis, F., 291n12 Sihvola, J., 184 Silanus, L., 102 , 102n37 , 103 Simone, F., 286n69 Skeptics, 213 Skinner, Q., 290n4 , 302 Skutsch, O., 98n23 slavery, in Stoic thought, 146 , 168 , 191 ,

236 , 291 Smiley, C. N., 136n8 , 141n30 , 141n31 Smiraglia, P., 279n20 , 280n23 Smith, C. S., 152 , 152n4 , 160 , 193n15 ,

194n19 , 258 , 265 Socrates, 9 , 49 , 80 , 194 , 212 , 213 , 214 , 216 ,

220 , 225 infl uence on Seneca, 16 , 79 , 163 , 206 ,

212–16 Soen, V., 300n63 , 302 Sophocles, 30 , 34 , 125 , 309 Sorabji, R., 184 , 231n34 S ø rensen, V., 26n19 , 27n22 , 28 Spanneut, M., 279n18 , 280n30 , 304n2 ,

305n9 , 317 speculum , 125 , 292 , See also mirror speculum principis , 275 Spinoza, 305 spiritual exercises, 215 Stacey, P., 69n3 , 69n4 , 74n17 , 81 , 283n49 ,

290n4 , 291n7 , 294n25 , 296n33 , 297n35 , 299n55 , 302

Star, C., 37n28 , 162n10 , 164n19 , 197n21 Stewart, J., 146n54 Steyns, D., 146n50 , 152 , 152n3 , 160 Stilbo, 44 Stobaeus, 75

Stoic style, 141 Stoicism

confl ated with Christian orthodoxy, 267 , 280

curriculum, 213 in Seneca’s prose works, 18 , 48 , 60 , 73 ,

75 , 76 , 156 , 158 , 180 , 184 , 193 , 198 , 199 , 201 , 206 , 213 , 222 , 223 , 239 , 279 , 285 , 286 , 288 , 304

in Seneca’s tragedies, 27 , 36–38 Stok, F., 92 , 280n28 Striker, G., 222 suasoriae , 24 , 35 , 137 sublime, the, 244 , 249 , 250 Suetonius, 15 , 23 , 24 , 55n1 , 55n6 , 95n10 ,

109 , 115 , 122n1 , 123 , 123n4 , 127n13 , 128n16 , 138 , 166 , 166n32 , 166n33 , 256 , 263 , 279 , 282

sui iuris person as, 291 , 292

suicide in Seneca’s work reception of, 280

Suillius, Publius, 21 Sulla, 127 Sullivan, J. P., 133 , 265 Summers, W. C., 35n21 , 43n13 , 50n42 ,

136n8 , 149 , 287n74 super-Seneca, concept of, 26 , 277 , 287 superstitio , 270 Sutton, D. F., 28n27 syllogism, 42 Sylvestre, J. N., 17 Syme, R., 16n5 , 23n15 , 26n20 , 28

Tacitus, 1 , 2 , 4 , 10 , 15 , 15n1 , 16 , 16n5 , 17 , 18 , 18n8 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 23n15 , 24 , 28 , 43 , 64n37 , 68 , 88 , 93n2 , 97n20 , 101 , 101n33 , 102 , 102n34 , 102n36 , 123 , 124 , 127 , 128 , 130 , 133 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 166n37 , 195 , 197 , 255 , 256 , 261 , 262 , 263 , 282 , 286 , 289 , 311 , 312

Taoka, Y., 138n13 Tarrant, R., 30n6 , 121 , 137n11 , 167n46 ,

172n71 , 173 , 251n50 , 278n9 Tarr ê te, A., 286n71 , 287n72 Tertullian, 269 , 269n6 theatricality

in Cicero, 162 in Seneca’s Trojan Women , 170–71

Theophrastus, 84 , 272 , 273 theory and practice, interdependent, 216 Theseus. See Seneca, Hercules Furens Th é venaz, P., 145n46

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Thomas More, 161 Thrasea Paetus, 1 , 165 , 195 , 197 , 198 Tiberius, 24 , 26 , 26n20 , 97n20 ,

115 , 130 Tillich, Paul, 11 , 307 Tilmouth, C., 302 Timagenes, 110 time

inversions of, under Nero, 124 reversed, 125 , 130 , 131 , 133 treatment in Seneca, 122

Tiridates, 166 Too, Y. L., 133 Traina, A., 43n13 , 137n8 , 143 , 144n37 ,

145 , 145n45 , 145n46 , 145n48 , 146n49 , 147 , 147n56 , 149 , 160 , 162n9 , 189n6 , 191n11 , 243n24 , 244n27 , 266n2

translation of Stoic terminology, 155

Trapp, M., 41n1 , 43n18 , 47n32 , 47n33

Trevet, N., 281 Trillitzsch, W., 265 , 266 , 266n1 , 276 ,

280n29 , 284n54 Trimalchio, 124 , 259 , 261 Trinacty, C., 116 , 121 , 164n19 , 169n54 Tubero, 225 Twain, M., 176

unity of the self, in Stoicism, 190

Valerius Maximus, 99 Varchi, Benedetto, 291 Varius Rufus, 31 , 112 Varro, 96 , 96n14 , 96n17 , 104 , 104n41 , 105 ,

260 , 269 , 275 Varro Atacinus, 112 velle , 224 , 236 , See voluntas Velleius Paterculus, 97n20 Verbeke, G., 279n20 verecundia , 207 Vergil, 33n13 , 40 , 43 , 61 , 90 , 111 , 113 , 114 ,

115 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 121 , 132 , 172 , 248 , 258 , 262 , 264

Aeneid , 31 , 39 , 40 , 100 , 100n29 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 121 , 167 , 167n46 , 169 , 169n56 , 172 , 172n75

Eclogues , 113 Georgics , 71n9 , 90 , 113 , 167 , 169n56 ,

169n57 Vernant, J.-P., 31n9

Versnel, H., 96n18 Vespasian, 95n10 Veyne, P., 21 , 25n17 , 26n20 , 28 , 46n26 ,

46n28 , 80n42 , 189 , 198 Vidal-Naquet, P., 31n9 view from above, 88 vigilance, Stoic, 136 Villa, C., 302 Villari, P., 290n2 Villey, P., 286n70 Vincent of Beauvais, 17 Viparelli, V., 124n5 , 134 virtus , 234 , 242 , 280 Viterbo, Giovanni da, 290 Voelke, A. J., 229n29 , 236n70 Vogel, M., 95n10 Vogt, K., 76n29 Volk, K., 168n49 voluntas , 176 , 177 , 231 , 236 , 237 voluptas , 50 , 182 , 241 , 242 , 243 , 249 von Albrecht, M., 137n8 , 306n11 ,

316n26 , 317 von Hesberg, H., 167n39 von Kleist, Ewald Christian, 17 , 315 Vottero, D., 49n37 , 57n11 , 57n14 , 58n18 ,

62n30 , 82n2 , 82n3 , 82n4 , 84 , 84n12 , 91 , 118 , 121 , 269 , 270n10 , 270n11 , 270n12 , 270n7 , 272n16 , 273 , 273n18 , 274 , 274n19 , 275

Walter of Burley, 279 Walter, P., 276 Wanke, C, 310n19 Weber, H., 139n23 , 162n11 Weinreich, O., 94n5 , 96n16 , 98n25 White, P., 47n32 Whitton, C. L., 59n23 , 105 William of Conches, 280 William of Saint-Thierry, 280 Williams, B., 199n3 Williams, G., 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 43n13 , 51n45 ,

52n48 , 54 , 59n20 , 59n21 , 59n23 , 60n24 , 61n26 , 63n32 , 63n33 , 79n36 , 79n38 , 80n41 , 83 , 84n12 , 86n16 , 91 , 120 , 121 , 133 , 162n9 , 173 , 223 , 227n19 , 245n31 , 246n35 , 247n40 , 248n44 , 250n49 , 251 , 267n5

Williamson, G., 286n67 , 287n74 , 288 willing. See voluntas Wilson, M., 42n4 , 43n17 , 52 , 65 , 66 , 66n41 ,

67 , 135n1 , 136 , 136n4 , 137n8 , 144n42 , 149 , 169n53

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wisdom theoretical, 213

Wiseman, P., 72n13 , 96n14 , 104n41 , 105 Woodman, A. J., 166n37 Wray, D., 37 , 37n28 , 37n29 , 46n28 , 53 ,

176n1 , 198 , 217n4 , 222 Wright, J. R. G., 63n32 , 137n8

Xenophanes, 222

Young, R. V., 285n63

Zanker, P., 165n29 Zanobi, A., 33n16 Zeno, 49 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 141n31 , 174 , 225 , 240 Zimmerman, D., 33n16 , 197n24 Ziolkowski, T., 316n26 , 317 Zissos, A., 121 , 133n27 Zwierlein, O., 28n27

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