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Can you be tested in Slovene as foreign language? Testiranje slovenščine kot drugega/tujega jezika
Ina Ferbežar Center za slovenščino kot drugi/tuji jezikIzpitni [email protected]
Konferenca EALTA, Kranjska Gora, 16. maj 2004
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Slovene language
• Standard Slovene since 16th century
• Diglossia Latin/German/Italian
• Enlightenment movement in 18th century
• Nationalist movement in 19th century
• 1848: political programme United Slovenia
• Monolingualism as a political goal
• Forced bilingualism: Yugoslavia
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Language legislation in Slovenia
• Slovene Constitution: Slovene as official language (+ Italian and Hungarian)
• Approx. 30 laws referring to the use of Slovene
• General language law (in the legislative process): polemic
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Language Policy SFL
• Slovene for Slovenes– Grants and other resources for Slovene
descendants only
• Slovene for foreigners– Language as a proof of unquestionable loyalty– Slovene language considered as
rarity/antiquity– Slovene language as a functional tool
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Univerza v LjubljaniFilozofska fakulteta
Oddelek za slovenistiko
Center za slovenščino kot drugi/tuji jezik
www.ff.uni-lj.si/center-slo
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Programmes
• Slovene language at foreign universities (45 universities, 1000 students/year)
• Seminar on Slovene language, literature and culture (Slavonic language students and experts)
• Obdobja Symposium (Slovene studies in linguistic and literature)
• Slovene language courses• Examination centre
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Courses of SloveneBeginnings and Growth
0
200
400
600
800
1982 1987 1992 1997 2002
Summer School ALL Courses
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History of the Examination Centre
• 1992: first tests SFL administered
• 1994: Centre for Slovene became an official government-appointed comission for testing language ability in Slovene as 2L/FL
• 1994: Examination Centre founded
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• 2000: University of Ljubljana (Examination Centre as its representative) became a member of the Association of Language testers in Europe (ALTE)
• 2000: new three-level SFL exams introduced
• 2002: TiPS project
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Activities
• Development of Slovene language tests
• Administration of exams on three levels- Coordination of 22 authorised centres in
Slovenia
• Item writer, examiner and marker training
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Slovene language exams
Until 2000 only one-level exam; testing grammatical structures and sociocultural knowledge
Since December 2000 new three-level programme Slovenščina za tujce (www.acs.si Programoteka) “communicative language testing” on three levels for various purposes
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Relation to CEFR levels
• Basic level (communication on everyday basis)
• Intermediate level (communication in non-routine tasks)
• Advanced level (creative use of Slovene language)
• -B1
• B2
• C1
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Structure of exams
• Listening comprehension
• Reading comprehension
• Writing production
• Spoken interaction
• Language Structures (Intermediate and Advanced level only)
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No. of all candidates 1994-2003
0
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.500
1994 1995 1996 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
No. Kand.
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Candidates and levels (2003)
2803
87173 90Basic
Interm.
Advanced
Oral
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Reasons for sitting the exam
• Basic level
• Intermediate level
• Advanced level
citizenship
study
professional reasons
(60 % medical doctors)
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Country of origin
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Courses Exams
Ex YU
EU
Slavic
USA, CA
S. Am.
Rest
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Problems concerning testing of SFL
- Testing related languages (high level of comprehension due to positive transfer)
- Nonsistematic language acquisition (basic level – limited access to SFL leaning) – the formation of idiolects (interlanguage)
- Difficulties at setting the criteria of what kind of language is acceptable (the problem of inter-rater reliability)
- High-stakes exams
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Prospectives
• Acceptance of minimum standards (based on ALTE Code of Practice)
• Internationally acknowledged certification system (relating Slovene exams to CEFR)
• Statistical analysis (calibrating tasks etc.)
• Developing LSP tests
• Interlanguage and sociolinguistic research• Language planning activities• Learners corpus
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Testing in Polish and Slovene: Socrates Lingua 2 Project
• Partners: Jagellonian University, Krakow, University of Ljubljana, University of Athens, publishing house Universitas
• Developing materials for language teaching and language assessment for Slovene and Polish as FL (based on similar ALTE documents)
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Documents
• Slovenski pojmovnik s področja jezikovnega testiranja (Glossary of language testing terms)
• Navodila za avtorje testnega gradiva (Materials for the guidance of test item writers)
• Kontrolni vprašalniki (Checklists)• Preživetvena raven v slovenščini (Breakthrough
level specification – FINGS project)• Opis ravni jezikovnega znanja (CANDO
statements)
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Relating Slovene language standards to CEFR
• Slovene version of Threshold level (in print)
• Breakthrough level specification (in print)
• Slovene version of can-do statements (in print): (self)assessment of language competence in Slovene and other languages – rather abstract statements/descriptors
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Slovene version of CEFR?